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H. L. Bhardwaj - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Functional classification of ESTs from vernonia (Vernonia galamensis L.) cDNA library
    Industrial Crops and Products, 2012
    Co-Authors: Satya S. Narina, Teklu Andebrhan, Ali I. Mohamed, H. L. Bhardwaj
    Abstract:

    Abstract The Vernonia galamensis (Cass.) Less [synonym: Centrapalus pauciflorus] Compositae, is a source of naturally Epoxidized Oil. Its commercial use is limited due to presence of a lipase enzyme that produces high free fatty acid levels in vernonia Oil. The genomic information and the gene expression patterns of lipase in vernonia has not been studied in detail. The objectives of our studies were to construct a complementary DNA (cDNA) library from vernonia seed to identify expressed sequence tags (ESTs) related to various plant functions. We were successful in constructing a cDNA library from seed tissues of vernonia. A total of 1325 cDNA clones were randomly sequenced and analyzed. A total of 97 high-quality ESTs with an average length of 400 bp were generated. These ESTs indicated the existence of genes involved in varied functions such as defense, protein processing, transcription, translation, signal transduction, and secondary metabolism. Out of the total EST sequences, there were 129 ESTs containing simple sequence repeats (SSRs) from which 63 SSR primer pairs were designed. It is the first transcriptome report from the vernonia that has generated ESTs as well as EST derived SSR markers capable of being used in future Oil quality, transformation and germplasm characterization studies.

  • Fatty Acids in Vernonia Produced in the Mid-Atlantic Region of the United States
    Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2007
    Co-Authors: H. L. Bhardwaj, A. A. Hamama, D. A. Dierig
    Abstract:

    Vernonia galamensis [(Cass.) Less.] is a native of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Seed of vernonia contain substantial quantities of naturally Epoxidized Oil, which is used in the paint industry to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds that produce smog resulting from the use of petroleum-based (alkyd-resin) paint. Epoxidized Oil is also used in the manufacture of plasticizers, additives to polyvinyl chloride, polymer blends and coatings, and cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Previous research has indicated that vernonia has potential for commercialization in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. This study characterized fatty acids in Oil from vernonia grown in this latter region. Vernonia Oil, from 14 vernonia lines grown during 1995 and 1996 under field conditions in Virginia, contained 3.3, 3.0, 5.0, 15.0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.4, and 72.7%, respectively, of C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:0, C20:1, and vernolic (C18:1 epoxy) fatty acids. Effects of genotypes on vernonia Oil quality were generally not significant whereas the effects of years were significant. The concentration of vernolic acid was positively correlated with Oil concentration but negatively correlated with concentrations of all individual fatty acids, except for C18:3.

  • Fatty Acids in Vernonia Produced in the Mid‐Atlantic Region of the United States
    Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2007
    Co-Authors: H. L. Bhardwaj, A. A. Hamama, D. A. Dierig
    Abstract:

    Vernonia galamensis [(Cass.) Less.] is a native of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Seed of vernonia contain substantial quantities of naturally Epoxidized Oil, which is used in the paint industry to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds that produce smog resulting from the use of petroleum-based (alkyd-resin) paint. Epoxidized Oil is also used in the manufacture of plasticizers, additives to polyvinyl chloride, polymer blends and coatings, and cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Previous research has indicated that vernonia has potential for commercialization in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. This study characterized fatty acids in Oil from vernonia grown in this latter region. Vernonia Oil, from 14 vernonia lines grown during 1995 and 1996 under field conditions in Virginia, contained 3.3, 3.0, 5.0, 15.0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.4, and 72.7%, respectively, of C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:0, C20:1, and vernolic (C18:1 epoxy) fatty acids. Effects of genotypes on vernonia Oil quality were generally not significant whereas the effects of years were significant. The concentration of vernolic acid was positively correlated with Oil concentration but negatively correlated with concentrations of all individual fatty acids, except for C18:3.

Niranjan Karak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Epoxidized Mesua ferrea L. seed Oil‐plasticized thermostable PVC and PVC‐clay nanocomposites
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Gautam Das, Niranjan Karak
    Abstract:

    The use of vegetable-Oil-based polymeric plasticizers with nanotechnology can create new applications for plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Epoxidized Mesua ferrea L. (Ceylon Ironwood) seed Oil was used as a plasticizer for PVC. Further, nanocomposites were prepared through an ex-situ technique using Epoxidized-Oil-swelled organically modified montmorillonite (5 wt%) and PVC. Notable improvement in thermal and processing characteristics of the nanocomposites was observed over those of the virgin polymer (in both unplasticized and plasticized PVC), as studied by TGA. The prepared nanocomposites were characterized by FTIR, SEM, TEM, and XRD techniques. A dramatic decrease in viscosity (7-fold) was observed in THF for a 10% solution of Epoxidized-Oil-modified PVC compared to unplasticized PVC in THF, as measured by Brookfield viscometer. Isothermal analysis at three different temperatures (100, 150, and 200°C) reveals sufficient stability of the Epoxidized Oil modified PVC nanocomposites, as confirmed by gravimetric and FTIR analysis. Augmentation of thermostability and good retention of mechanical properties of the (Mesua ferrea L.)-plasticized-PVC/clay nanocomposites with respect to rigid PVC vouch for the utility of the former as advanced industrial materials. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 18:168–177, 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers

  • Epoxidized mesua ferrea l seed Oil based reactive diluent for bpa epoxy resin and their green nanocomposites
    Progress in Organic Coatings, 2009
    Co-Authors: Niranjan Karak
    Abstract:

    Abstract An Epoxidized vegetable Oil of Mesua ferrea L. seed was prepared and used as a reactive diluent for commercial BPA-based epoxy resin at different compositions for the first time. The prepared Epoxidized Oil (ENO100) was characterized by determination of physical properties like epoxy equivalent, viscosity, hydroxyl value, saponification value, iodine value, acid value, etc. and FTIR study. The morphology and rheological characteristics of the ENO100 modified commercial epoxy systems have been studied by SEM and rheometer. The performance of poly(amido amine) cured above resin systems have been investigated by the measurement of drying time, tensile strength, elongation at break, adhesive strength, impact resistance, scratch hardness, gloss and chemical resistance studies. The results indicate that the Epoxidized Oil not only reduces the viscosity of the BPA-based epoxy resin but it also enhances the performance of the cured resin. The performance of this system (50 wt.% dilution) was further enhanced by formation of nanocomposites using ex-situ technique with organically modified nanoclay at different dose levels (1–5 wt.%). The formation of nanocomposites was confirmed by XRD, SEM and FTIR studies. The studies of above performance indicate the enhancement of properties compared to pristine system. As naturally renewable diluent is used in the above studies, so the resultant nanocomposites are green high performance materials with zero VOC.

Irina Rosca - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Thermal behaviour and fungi resistance of composites based on wood and natural and synthetic epoxy resins cured with maleopimaric acid
    Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2019
    Co-Authors: Liliana Rosu, Fanica Mustata, Cristian-dragos Varganici, Dan Rosu, Teodora Rusu, Irina Rosca
    Abstract:

    Abstract Wood/epoxy resin composites based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA)/Epoxidized Oil (EO)/Diels–Alder adducts of resin acids with maleic anhydride (RAMA) in acetone (80%) were obtained by impregnation. Epoxidation was carried out in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), acetic acid (AAc), sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as catalyst and cyclohexane (CHx) as solvent at a molar ratio of 0.5/1.5/1 (AAc/hydrogen peroxide/ethylene unsaturation). The kinetic parameters (activation energy and pre–exponential factor) of the DGEBA/EO/RAMA curing reaction and thermal characterization of the crosslinked compounds and wood epoxy composites (WECs) were obtained using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Based on the chemical structure of the evolved gases resulted during thermal decomposition of the crosslinked polymers and WECs, identified with FT–IR, a probable mechanism of thermal degradation was proposed. Resistance to three fungi was also tested.

D. A. Dierig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fatty Acids in Vernonia Produced in the Mid-Atlantic Region of the United States
    Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2007
    Co-Authors: H. L. Bhardwaj, A. A. Hamama, D. A. Dierig
    Abstract:

    Vernonia galamensis [(Cass.) Less.] is a native of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Seed of vernonia contain substantial quantities of naturally Epoxidized Oil, which is used in the paint industry to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds that produce smog resulting from the use of petroleum-based (alkyd-resin) paint. Epoxidized Oil is also used in the manufacture of plasticizers, additives to polyvinyl chloride, polymer blends and coatings, and cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Previous research has indicated that vernonia has potential for commercialization in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. This study characterized fatty acids in Oil from vernonia grown in this latter region. Vernonia Oil, from 14 vernonia lines grown during 1995 and 1996 under field conditions in Virginia, contained 3.3, 3.0, 5.0, 15.0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.4, and 72.7%, respectively, of C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:0, C20:1, and vernolic (C18:1 epoxy) fatty acids. Effects of genotypes on vernonia Oil quality were generally not significant whereas the effects of years were significant. The concentration of vernolic acid was positively correlated with Oil concentration but negatively correlated with concentrations of all individual fatty acids, except for C18:3.

  • Fatty Acids in Vernonia Produced in the Mid‐Atlantic Region of the United States
    Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2007
    Co-Authors: H. L. Bhardwaj, A. A. Hamama, D. A. Dierig
    Abstract:

    Vernonia galamensis [(Cass.) Less.] is a native of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Seed of vernonia contain substantial quantities of naturally Epoxidized Oil, which is used in the paint industry to reduce emissions of volatile organic compounds that produce smog resulting from the use of petroleum-based (alkyd-resin) paint. Epoxidized Oil is also used in the manufacture of plasticizers, additives to polyvinyl chloride, polymer blends and coatings, and cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Previous research has indicated that vernonia has potential for commercialization in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. This study characterized fatty acids in Oil from vernonia grown in this latter region. Vernonia Oil, from 14 vernonia lines grown during 1995 and 1996 under field conditions in Virginia, contained 3.3, 3.0, 5.0, 15.0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.4, and 72.7%, respectively, of C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:0, C20:1, and vernolic (C18:1 epoxy) fatty acids. Effects of genotypes on vernonia Oil quality were generally not significant whereas the effects of years were significant. The concentration of vernolic acid was positively correlated with Oil concentration but negatively correlated with concentrations of all individual fatty acids, except for C18:3.

  • 867 PB 546 FLOWERING RESPONSE, SEED Oil, AND VERNOLIC ACID CONTENTS OF VERNONIA GALAMENSIS INTRASPECIFIC HYBRIDS
    HortScience, 1994
    Co-Authors: D. A. Dierig, A. E. Thompson, Earl R. Johnson, Gail H. Dahlquist
    Abstract:

    Vernonia galamensis is a potential new crop for production of Epoxidized Oil with many industrial applications. This plant is native to equatorial Africa, and not adapted for culture in temperate zones since it requires a short daylength to initiate flowering and subsequent seed development. One collection of V. galamensis ssp. galamensis var. petitiana, flowered freely and produced seeds during long-day conditions throughout the United States. This variety lacks important plant characters for successful commercialization. The favorable genetic recombination of day-neutral response with more desirable plant growth characteristics, desirable seed Oil and fatty acid content from other accessions of V. galamensis has been accomplished in hybrids and segregating populations, and selections are being widely evaluated throughout the U.S..

Satya S. Narina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Functional classification of ESTs from vernonia (Vernonia galamensis L.) cDNA library
    Industrial Crops and Products, 2012
    Co-Authors: Satya S. Narina, Teklu Andebrhan, Ali I. Mohamed, H. L. Bhardwaj
    Abstract:

    Abstract The Vernonia galamensis (Cass.) Less [synonym: Centrapalus pauciflorus] Compositae, is a source of naturally Epoxidized Oil. Its commercial use is limited due to presence of a lipase enzyme that produces high free fatty acid levels in vernonia Oil. The genomic information and the gene expression patterns of lipase in vernonia has not been studied in detail. The objectives of our studies were to construct a complementary DNA (cDNA) library from vernonia seed to identify expressed sequence tags (ESTs) related to various plant functions. We were successful in constructing a cDNA library from seed tissues of vernonia. A total of 1325 cDNA clones were randomly sequenced and analyzed. A total of 97 high-quality ESTs with an average length of 400 bp were generated. These ESTs indicated the existence of genes involved in varied functions such as defense, protein processing, transcription, translation, signal transduction, and secondary metabolism. Out of the total EST sequences, there were 129 ESTs containing simple sequence repeats (SSRs) from which 63 SSR primer pairs were designed. It is the first transcriptome report from the vernonia that has generated ESTs as well as EST derived SSR markers capable of being used in future Oil quality, transformation and germplasm characterization studies.