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Franklin R Cockerill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparison of agar dilution broth microdilution e Test disk diffusion and automated vitek methods for Testing susceptibilities of enterococcus spp to vancomycin
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 1997Co-Authors: P Kohner, Robin Patel, Kay M Garin, Marlene K Hopkins, Lee T Wegener, Franklin R CockerillAbstract:An evaluation was undertaken to determine the optimal method for Testing the susceptibilities of 100 clinical isolates and two reference strains of Enterococcus spp. to vancomycin in vitro. Six Testing methods were studied by using the following media and incubation times: agar screen with the Synergy Quad Plate (Remel, Lenexa, Kans.), an in-house-prepared brain heart infusion (BHI) agar plate, and an in-house-prepared Mueller-Hinton (MH) agar plate, all incubated for 24 or 48 h; broth microdilution (Sensititre Just One Strip; AccuMed International, Inc., West Lake, Ohio) with BHI or cation-adjusted MH broth incubated for 24 or 48 h; agar dilution with BHI or MH agar incubated for 24 or 48 h; Epsilometer Test (E Test; AB BioDisk, Solna, Sweden) with BHI or MH agar incubated for 24 or 48 h; disk diffusion with BHI or MH agar incubated for 24 or 48 h; and the automated Vitek method with the gram-positive susceptibility Staphylococcus aureus card and R02.03 software (bioMerieux, Inc., Hazelwood, Mo.). Growth failures occurred with MH media (n = 6) but not with BHI media. One growth failure occurred with the Vitek method. Results for each Testing method for each Enterococcus strain were interpreted as susceptible, intermediate, or resistant according to current National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) criteria and compared to the vancomycin resistance genotype (i.e., vanA, vanB, vanC-1, or vanC-2/3). For all methods, extension of the incubation time from 24 h to 48 h either produced no difference in the results or gave poorer results. The following methods produced no very major or major interpretive errors: broth microdilution with BHI media incubated for 24 h, agar dilution with BHI media incubated for 24 or 48 h, and E Test with BHI media incubated for 24 or 48 h. Unacceptable frequencies of very major errors (> 1%) occurred with all methods for which MH media were used. Minor interpretive errors were frequent with all methods. These minor interpretive errors also occurred most frequently with Enterococcus strains with vanC genes, which encoded low-level vancomycin resistance (MIC or = 64 microg/ml). Modification of NCCLS breakpoints, especially for motile Enterococcus spp. (E. casseliflavus, E. flavescens, and E. gallinarum), may resolve this problem; however, in the current study, one E. faecalis strain and one E. faecium strain carried only the vanC gene. The agar screen method may also require reformulation. The current agar screen plate contains 6 microg of vancomycin per ml, which may not detect all low-level resistance associated with vanC genotypes. Nevertheless, the clinical significance of this low-level vancomycin resistance remains unknown.
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comparison of agar dilution broth dilution disk diffusion and the e Test for susceptibility Testing of penicillin susceptible and penicillin resistant streptococcus pneumoniae
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases, 1997Co-Authors: J Thorvilson, P Kohner, Nancy K Henry, Franklin R CockerillAbstract:An evaluation to determine the optimal methods for the in vitro susceptibility Testing of 41 clinical isolates and the ATCC 49619 strain ofStreptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin was undertaken. No very major or major interpretive errors were observed with the following Test methods and media: agar dilution using either Mueller-Hinton medium with lysed horse blood or Haemophilus Test medium; broth dilution using cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton medium with lysed horse blood, Haemophilus Test medium, or Todd-Hewitt medium; and the Epsilometer Test (E-Test) using agar containing Mueller-Hinton medium and 5% sheep blood. The disk diffusion method using agar containing Mueller-Hinton medium and 5% sheep blood agar was an effective screening method, requiring confirmation by a dilution susceptibility Test method.
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comparison of agar dilution broth microdilution disk diffusion e Test and bactec radiometric methods for antimicrobial susceptibility Testing of clinical isolates of the nocardia asteroides complex
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 1997Co-Authors: A Ambaye, P Kohner, P C Wollan, K L Roberts, G D Roberts, Franklin R CockerillAbstract:An evaluation was undertaken to determine the optimal method for the in vitro susceptibility Testing of 26 Nocardia asteroides complex isolates to the following antimicrobial agents: amikacin, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, imipenem, minocycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Five Testing methods were studied including the agar dilution, broth microdilution, and disk diffusion methods, the Epsilometer Test (E-Test), and the BACTEC radiometric method. Results for each antimicrobial agent and each Testing method were interpreted as indicating susceptibility, intermediate susceptibility, or resistance according to current guidelines of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) for bacteria that grow aerobically and were then compared to a "gold standard" susceptibility Test result. The gold standard result for each Nocardia isolate was established by a consensus of the results of the majority of Testing methods used in the study. When the results were combined for all antimicrobial agents Tested against all Nocardia isolates by all methods, the BACTEC radiometric method produced the highest level of agreement (97.9%) with the consensus results and had the fewest very major (n = 1), major (n = 2), and minor (n = 2) errors. In contrast, the results of the agar dilution method were in least agreement (93.2%) with the consensus results, and this method also produced the most very major (n = 8), major (n = 4), and, along with the disk diffusion method, minor (n = 6) errors. For all Test methods, interpretive errors were most frequent when Testing ampicillin or amoxicillin-clavulanate. Moreover, for all Nocardia nova isolates Tested, ampicillin susceptibility results by any of the Testing methods were not in agreement with the results of Testing for beta-lactamase by the nitrocefin (Cefinase) disk method. We conclude that among the methods evaluated, the BACTEC radiometric method appeared to be the best for determining the in vitro susceptibilities of members of the N. asteroides complex to a panel of nine antimicrobial agents. However, none of the Test methods, including the BACTEC method, accurately predicted the ampicillin resistance of the N. nova isolates Tested, all of which produced beta-lactamase. Presuming that this beta-lactamase hydrolyzes ampicillin, this disparity may relate to the NCCLS breakpoints that were used, which may require modification for this antimicrobial agent when Tested against N. nova isolates.
López, Ana C. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluación del método epsilométrico ETest para la determinación de la sensibilidad a tetraciclina en Paenibacillus larvae, agente causal de la loque americana de las abejas
Asociación Argentina de Microbiología. Published by Elsevier España S.L., 2013Co-Authors: Alippi, Adriana M., Reynaldi, Francisco J., López, Ana C.Abstract:ResumenLa bacteria esporulada gram positiva Paenibacillus larvae es el agente causal de la loque americana de las abejas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar las CIM de tetraciclina obtenidas por el método ETest y las obtenidas por el método de dilución en agar frente a 22 cepas del patógeno, empleando dos medios de cultivo: Iso-SensiTest y MYPGP. Se encontró una concordancia de categoría entre dichos métodos del 100 % usando agar Iso-SensiTest, mientras que con MYPGP la concordancia de categoría fue del 86,36 % (con 3 errores menores). Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la combinación de las tiras de ETest con agar Iso-SensiTest sería una alternativa rápida y confiable para determinar las CIM de tetraciclina en P. larvae; sin embargo, estos resultados deberán confirmarse en futuros estudios que contemplen un mayor número de aislamientos.AbstractAmerican foulbrood (AFB) is a bacterial disease caused by the spore-forming, grampositive bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, which affects honeybee broods worldwide. The aim of this work was to compare the Epsilometer Test (ETest) to the agar dilution method for Testing a collection of 22 P. larvae strains to tetracycline by using MYPGP and Iso- SensiTest agars. Results showed that a categorical agreement of 100% was found when using Iso-SensiTest, while a categorical agreement of 86.36% was found (with 3 minor errors) when MYPGP was Tested. In conclusion, the ETest could be a rapid and reliable method for Testing MIC values of tetracycline in P. larvae only when used in combination with Iso-SensiTest agar. Nevertheless, these results should be confirmed with future studies involving a larger number of isolates
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Evaluación del método epsilométrico ETest para la determinación de la sensibilidad a tetraciclina en Paenibacillus larvae, agente causal de la loque americana de las abejas
Asociación Argentina de Microbiología, 2013Co-Authors: Alippi, Adriana Mónica, Reynaldi, Francico J., López, Ana C.Abstract:La bacteria esporulada gram positiva Paenibacillus larvae es el agente causal de la loque americana de las abejas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar las CIM de tetraciclina obtenidas por el método ETest y las obtenidas por el método de dilución en agar frente a 22 cepas del patógeno, empleando dos medios de cultivo: Iso-SensiTest y MYPGP. Se encontró una concordancia de categoría entre dichos métodos del 100 % usando agar Iso-SensiTest, mientras que con MYPGP la concordancia de categoría fue del 86,36 % (con 3 errores menores). Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la combinación de las tiras de ETest con agar Iso-SensiTest sería una alternativa rápida y confi able para determinar las CIM de tetraciclina en P. larvae; sin embargo, estos resultados deberán confi rmarse en futuros estudios que contemplen un mayor número de aislamientos.American foulbrood (AFB) is a bacterial disease caused by the spore-forming, grampositive bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, which affects honeybee broods worldwide. The aim of this work was to compare the Epsilometer Test (ETest) to the agar dilution method for Testing a collection of 22 P. larvae strains to tetracycline by using MYPGP and IsoSensiTest agars. Results showed that a categorical agreement of 100% was found when using Iso-SensiTest, while a categorical agreement of 86.36% was found (with 3 minor errors) when MYPGP was Tested. In conclusion, the ETest could be a rapid and reliable method for Testing MIC values of tetracycline in P. larvae only when used in combination with Iso-SensiTest agar. Nevertheless, these results should be confi rmed with future studies involving a larger number of isolates
V. Alonzo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Susceptibility of methicillin-resistant staphylococci to oregano essential oil, carvacrol and thymol
'Elsevier BV', 2004Co-Authors: A. Nostro, R. A. Blanco, A. M. Cannatelli, V. Enea, Flamini Guido, Morelli Ivano, A., Sudano Roccaro, V. AlonzoAbstract:The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MSS, MRS) to oregano essential oil, carvacrol and thymol. The commercial aerial parts of Origanum vulgare L. were hydrodistilled and the essential oil analysed by gas- chromatography/electron impact mass spectrometry. The inhibition efficacy of this essence and its major components was assayed against 26 MSS and 21 MRS, using an agar dilution method. The methicillin resistance was thoroughly typed by Epsilometer Test (E-Test), polymerase chain reaction for mecA gene detection and PBP2P latex agglutination Test. The results clearly demonstrated that the comparison between the susceptibility of MSS and MRS to oregano oil, carvacrol and thymol showed no significant differences (Fisher’s exact Test, P>0.05). The best minimum inhibitory concentration values were reported for carvacrol (0.015-0.03%, v/v) followed by thymol (0.03-0.06%, v/v) and oregano oil (0.06-0.125%, v/v
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susceptibility of methicillin resistant staphylococci to oregano essential oil carvacrol and thymol
Fems Microbiology Letters, 2004Co-Authors: A. Nostro, V. Enea, A., Sudano Roccaro, Anna Rita Blanco, M A Cannatelli, Guido Flamini, Ivano Morelli, V. AlonzoAbstract:The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MSS, MRS) to oregano essential oil, carvacrol and thymol. The commercial aerial parts of Origanum vulgare L. were hydrodistilled and the essential oil analysed by gas- chromatography/electron impact mass spectrometry. The inhibition efficacy of this essence and its major components was assayed against 26 MSS and 21 MRS, using an agar dilution method. The methicillin resistance was thoroughly typed by Epsilometer Test (E-Test), polymerase chain reaction for mecA gene detection and PBP2P latex agglutination Test. The results clearly demonstrated that the comparison between the susceptibility of MSS and MRS to oregano oil, carvacrol and thymol showed no significant differences (Fisher’s exact Test, Ps 0.05). The best minimum inhibitory concentration values were reported for carvacrol (0.015^0.03%, v/v) followed by thymol (0.03^0.06%, v/v) and oregano oil (0.06^0.125%, v/v). = 2003 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Alippi, Adriana Mónica - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluación del método epsilométrico ETest para la determinación de la sensibilidad a tetraciclina en Paenibacillus larvae, agente causal de la loque americana de las abejas
2018Co-Authors: Alippi, Adriana Mónica, Reynaldi, Francisco José, López, Ana ClaraAbstract:La bacteria esporulada gram positiva Paenibacillus larvae es el agente causal de la loque americana de las abejas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar las CIM de tetraciclina obtenidas por el método ETest y las obtenidas por el método de dilución en agar frente a 22 cepas del patógeno, empleando dos medios de cultivo: Iso-SensiTest y MYPGP. Se encontró una concordancia de categoría entre dichos métodos del 100 % usando agar Iso-SensiTest, mientras que con MYPGP la concordancia de categoría fue del 86,36 % (con 3 errores menores). Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la combinación de las tiras de ETest con agar Iso-SensiTest sería una alternativa rápida y confi able para determinar las CIM de tetraciclina en P. larvae; sin embargo, estos resultados deberán confi rmarse en futuros estudios que contemplen un mayor número de aislamientos.American foulbrood (AFB) is a bacterial disease caused by the spore-forming, grampositive bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, which affects honeybee broods worldwide. The aim of this work was to compare the Epsilometer Test (ETest) to the agar dilution method for Testing a collection of 22 P. larvae strains to tetracycline by using MYPGP and IsoSensiTest agars. Results showed that a categorical agreement of 100% was found when using Iso-SensiTest, while a categorical agreement of 86.36% was found (with 3 minor errors) when MYPGP was Tested. In conclusion, the ETest could be a rapid and reliable method for Testing MIC values of tetracycline in P. larvae only when used in combination with Iso-SensiTest agar. Nevertheless, these results should be confi rmed with future studies involving a larger number of isolates.Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale
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Evaluation of the Epsilometer (ETest) method for the detection of tetracycline susceptibility in Paenibacillus larvae, the causal agent of American foulbrood disease of honeybees
Asociación Argentina de Microbiología, 2016Co-Authors: Alippi, Adriana Mónica, Reynaldi, Francisco José, López, Ana ClaudiaAbstract:La bacteria esporulada gram positiva Paenibacillus larvae es el agente causal de la loque americana de las abejas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar las CIM de tetraciclina obtenidas por el método ETest y las obtenidas por el método de dilución en agar frente a 22 cepas del patógeno, empleando dos medios de cultivo: Iso-SensiTest y MYPGP. Se encontró una concordancia de categoría entre dichos métodos del 100 % usando agar Iso-SensiTest, mientras que con MYPGP la concordancia de categoría fue del 86,36 % (con 3 errores menores). Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la combinación de las tiras de ETest con agar Iso-SensiTest sería una alternativa rápida y confiable para determinar las CIM de tetraciclina en P. larvae; sin embargo, estos resultados deberán confirmarse en futuros estudios que contemplen un mayor número de aislamientos.American foulbrood (AFB) is a bacterial disease caused by the spore-forming, grampositive bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, which affects honeybee broods worldwide. The aim of this work was to compare the Epsilometer Test (ETest) to the agar dilution method for Testing a collection of 22 P. larvae strains to tetracycline by using MYPGP and Iso- SensiTest agars. Results showed that a categorical agreement of 100% was found when using Iso-SensiTest, while a categorical agreement of 86.36% was found (with 3 minor errors) when MYPGP was Tested. In conclusion, the ETest could be a rapid and reliable method for Testing MIC values of tetracycline in P. larvae only when used in combination with Iso-SensiTest agar. Nevertheless, these results should be confirmed with future studies involving a larger number of isolates.Fil: Alippi, Adriana Mónica. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Centro en Investigación de Fitopatología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Reynaldi, Francisco José. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Centro en Investigación de Fitopatología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico La Plata; ArgentinaFil: López, Ana Claudia. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Centro en Investigación de Fitopatología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnológico La Plata; Argentin
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Evaluación del método epsilométrico ETest para la determinación de la sensibilidad a tetraciclina en Paenibacillus larvae, agente causal de la loque americana de las abejas
Asociación Argentina de Microbiología, 2013Co-Authors: Alippi, Adriana Mónica, Reynaldi, Francico J., López, Ana C.Abstract:La bacteria esporulada gram positiva Paenibacillus larvae es el agente causal de la loque americana de las abejas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar las CIM de tetraciclina obtenidas por el método ETest y las obtenidas por el método de dilución en agar frente a 22 cepas del patógeno, empleando dos medios de cultivo: Iso-SensiTest y MYPGP. Se encontró una concordancia de categoría entre dichos métodos del 100 % usando agar Iso-SensiTest, mientras que con MYPGP la concordancia de categoría fue del 86,36 % (con 3 errores menores). Los resultados de este estudio sugieren que la combinación de las tiras de ETest con agar Iso-SensiTest sería una alternativa rápida y confi able para determinar las CIM de tetraciclina en P. larvae; sin embargo, estos resultados deberán confi rmarse en futuros estudios que contemplen un mayor número de aislamientos.American foulbrood (AFB) is a bacterial disease caused by the spore-forming, grampositive bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, which affects honeybee broods worldwide. The aim of this work was to compare the Epsilometer Test (ETest) to the agar dilution method for Testing a collection of 22 P. larvae strains to tetracycline by using MYPGP and IsoSensiTest agars. Results showed that a categorical agreement of 100% was found when using Iso-SensiTest, while a categorical agreement of 86.36% was found (with 3 minor errors) when MYPGP was Tested. In conclusion, the ETest could be a rapid and reliable method for Testing MIC values of tetracycline in P. larvae only when used in combination with Iso-SensiTest agar. Nevertheless, these results should be confi rmed with future studies involving a larger number of isolates
J F Lemeland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of the Epsilometer Test e Test for Testing the susceptibility of coagulase negative staphylococci to teicoplanin
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 1995Co-Authors: E Martin, M Nouvellon, M Pestel, Jeanlouis Pons, J F LemelandAbstract:Abstract The antimicrobial susceptibilities of 118 clinical isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci to teicoplanin were determined by disc diffusion and the Epsilometer Test (E Test) and the results were compared with the MICs determined by the agar dilution method of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). There was a poor correlation of r = 0.5 between the zone diameters of inhibition and agar dilution MICs and 10 and four of the 11 isolates for which the MICs were > or = 32 mg/L were misclassified as susceptible by the disc Test after applying the interpretative criteria of the NCCLS and the Comite de l'Antibiogramme de la Societe Francaise de Microbiologie (CASFM), respectively. The E Test tended to result in MICs that were lower than those determined by agar dilution and only 66% of MIC were within +/- 1 log2 dilution of each other. Only one of 11 resistant strains was detected by the E Test and, although there was no false resistance, six resistant strains were misclassified as susceptible after applying the criteria of the NCCLS as were four such isolates when the criteria of the CASFM were employed, probably as a result of using too light an inoculum. Disc diffusion is not a reliable means of determining the susceptibility of coagulase-negative staphylococci but might be replaced by the E-Test provided that discrepant results can be resolved by using a denser inoculum.