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Hussein A. Hussein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

N Chanter - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus zooepidemicus infection in naturally occurring Equine Respiratory Disease.
    The Veterinary Journal, 2008
    Co-Authors: J R Newton, J L N Wood, Ross C. Laxton, N Chanter
    Abstract:

    Abstract The objective of the study was to characterise the molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus zooepidemicus infection among isolates collected sequentially from recently weaned, pasture maintained Welsh mountain ponies with naturally occurring Respiratory Disease. Weekly nasopharyngeal and tracheal lavage samplings over a 10-week period were conducted in 29 ponies. Two PCR typing methods based on characterisation of the M-protein hypervariable (HV) region and the 16S–23S rRNA gene intergenic spacer were then applied to isolates of S. zooepidemicus recovered from nasopharyngeal swab and tracheal wash samples. S. zooepidemicus infection was highly prevalent during the study, being isolated from 94% of tracheal washes and 88% of nasopharyngeal swabs. Among 39 different S. zooepidemicus types isolated, more were isolated from the trachea ( n  = 33) than the nasopharynx ( n  = 27). There was evidence from temporal patterns of infection for clonal succession over time by the more prevalent S. zooepidemicus types. Novel S. zooepidemicus types were identified, including previously untyped HV regions and intra-strain multiples of both the HV region and intergenic spacer types.

  • evidence for transferrin allele as a host level risk factor in naturally occurring Equine Respiratory Disease a preliminary study
    Equine Veterinary Journal, 2007
    Co-Authors: J R Newton, J L N Wood, N Chanter
    Abstract:

    Summary Reasons for performing study: Recurring Respiratory infections can contribute to prolonged burdens of Disease, especially in younger horses and better knowledge of factors and effective interventions, such as vaccines, should improve therapeutic and preventive strategies. Objectives: To identify factors and infections associated with naturally occurring Respiratory Disease in recently weaned Welsh Mountain ponies maintained at pasture and to determine whether ponies vaccinated with an experimental inactivated bacterial vaccine had lower burdens of Disease and infection compared to nonvaccinated controls. Transferrin allele, which may influence the ability of pathogenic bacteria to acquire iron, was examined specifically as a host-level risk factor. Methods: Twice weekly clinical evaluations and weekly microbiological samplings over a 10 week period were conducted in 29 ponies, of which 12 received an experimental bacterial vaccine, 12 received placebo and 5 were untreated. A multilevel modelling approach suitable for analysing longitudinal data containing repeated observations was used to identify factors associated with Disease and to evaluate any effect from vaccination. Results: Analyses demonstrated significant variation in clinical Disease between ponies that possessed different alleles of iron binding transferrin protein but no significant effect from vaccination. Of the 29 ponies monitored, 14 possessing homozygote or non-F2 heterozygote transferrin D alleles demonstrated significantly less clinical Disease (P<0.001), whereas 14 possessing the F2 transferrin allele demonstrated significantly more clinical Disease (P<0.001). These effects remained apparent even after the significant effects of tracheal bacterial isolates, clinical score the previous week and repeated observations from the same ponies were accounted for. Conclusions and potential relevance: Results provide evidence for a potential genetic basis for variation in susceptibility to clinical Equine Respiratory Disease of bacterial origin, although more work is required to corroborate this conclusion.

  • Evidence for transferrin allele as a host-level risk factor in naturally occurring Equine Respiratory Disease: a preliminary study.
    Equine Veterinary Journal, 2007
    Co-Authors: J R Newton, J L N Wood, N Chanter
    Abstract:

    Summary Reasons for performing study: Recurring Respiratory infections can contribute to prolonged burdens of Disease, especially in younger horses and better knowledge of factors and effective interventions, such as vaccines, should improve therapeutic and preventive strategies. Objectives: To identify factors and infections associated with naturally occurring Respiratory Disease in recently weaned Welsh Mountain ponies maintained at pasture and to determine whether ponies vaccinated with an experimental inactivated bacterial vaccine had lower burdens of Disease and infection compared to nonvaccinated controls. Transferrin allele, which may influence the ability of pathogenic bacteria to acquire iron, was examined specifically as a host-level risk factor. Methods: Twice weekly clinical evaluations and weekly microbiological samplings over a 10 week period were conducted in 29 ponies, of which 12 received an experimental bacterial vaccine, 12 received placebo and 5 were untreated. A multilevel modelling approach suitable for analysing longitudinal data containing repeated observations was used to identify factors associated with Disease and to evaluate any effect from vaccination. Results: Analyses demonstrated significant variation in clinical Disease between ponies that possessed different alleles of iron binding transferrin protein but no significant effect from vaccination. Of the 29 ponies monitored, 14 possessing homozygote or non-F2 heterozygote transferrin D alleles demonstrated significantly less clinical Disease (P

Shimaa M. Ghoniem - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

J R Newton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus zooepidemicus infection in naturally occurring Equine Respiratory Disease.
    The Veterinary Journal, 2008
    Co-Authors: J R Newton, J L N Wood, Ross C. Laxton, N Chanter
    Abstract:

    Abstract The objective of the study was to characterise the molecular epidemiology of Streptococcus zooepidemicus infection among isolates collected sequentially from recently weaned, pasture maintained Welsh mountain ponies with naturally occurring Respiratory Disease. Weekly nasopharyngeal and tracheal lavage samplings over a 10-week period were conducted in 29 ponies. Two PCR typing methods based on characterisation of the M-protein hypervariable (HV) region and the 16S–23S rRNA gene intergenic spacer were then applied to isolates of S. zooepidemicus recovered from nasopharyngeal swab and tracheal wash samples. S. zooepidemicus infection was highly prevalent during the study, being isolated from 94% of tracheal washes and 88% of nasopharyngeal swabs. Among 39 different S. zooepidemicus types isolated, more were isolated from the trachea ( n  = 33) than the nasopharynx ( n  = 27). There was evidence from temporal patterns of infection for clonal succession over time by the more prevalent S. zooepidemicus types. Novel S. zooepidemicus types were identified, including previously untyped HV regions and intra-strain multiples of both the HV region and intergenic spacer types.

  • evidence for transferrin allele as a host level risk factor in naturally occurring Equine Respiratory Disease a preliminary study
    Equine Veterinary Journal, 2007
    Co-Authors: J R Newton, J L N Wood, N Chanter
    Abstract:

    Summary Reasons for performing study: Recurring Respiratory infections can contribute to prolonged burdens of Disease, especially in younger horses and better knowledge of factors and effective interventions, such as vaccines, should improve therapeutic and preventive strategies. Objectives: To identify factors and infections associated with naturally occurring Respiratory Disease in recently weaned Welsh Mountain ponies maintained at pasture and to determine whether ponies vaccinated with an experimental inactivated bacterial vaccine had lower burdens of Disease and infection compared to nonvaccinated controls. Transferrin allele, which may influence the ability of pathogenic bacteria to acquire iron, was examined specifically as a host-level risk factor. Methods: Twice weekly clinical evaluations and weekly microbiological samplings over a 10 week period were conducted in 29 ponies, of which 12 received an experimental bacterial vaccine, 12 received placebo and 5 were untreated. A multilevel modelling approach suitable for analysing longitudinal data containing repeated observations was used to identify factors associated with Disease and to evaluate any effect from vaccination. Results: Analyses demonstrated significant variation in clinical Disease between ponies that possessed different alleles of iron binding transferrin protein but no significant effect from vaccination. Of the 29 ponies monitored, 14 possessing homozygote or non-F2 heterozygote transferrin D alleles demonstrated significantly less clinical Disease (P<0.001), whereas 14 possessing the F2 transferrin allele demonstrated significantly more clinical Disease (P<0.001). These effects remained apparent even after the significant effects of tracheal bacterial isolates, clinical score the previous week and repeated observations from the same ponies were accounted for. Conclusions and potential relevance: Results provide evidence for a potential genetic basis for variation in susceptibility to clinical Equine Respiratory Disease of bacterial origin, although more work is required to corroborate this conclusion.

  • Evidence for transferrin allele as a host-level risk factor in naturally occurring Equine Respiratory Disease: a preliminary study.
    Equine Veterinary Journal, 2007
    Co-Authors: J R Newton, J L N Wood, N Chanter
    Abstract:

    Summary Reasons for performing study: Recurring Respiratory infections can contribute to prolonged burdens of Disease, especially in younger horses and better knowledge of factors and effective interventions, such as vaccines, should improve therapeutic and preventive strategies. Objectives: To identify factors and infections associated with naturally occurring Respiratory Disease in recently weaned Welsh Mountain ponies maintained at pasture and to determine whether ponies vaccinated with an experimental inactivated bacterial vaccine had lower burdens of Disease and infection compared to nonvaccinated controls. Transferrin allele, which may influence the ability of pathogenic bacteria to acquire iron, was examined specifically as a host-level risk factor. Methods: Twice weekly clinical evaluations and weekly microbiological samplings over a 10 week period were conducted in 29 ponies, of which 12 received an experimental bacterial vaccine, 12 received placebo and 5 were untreated. A multilevel modelling approach suitable for analysing longitudinal data containing repeated observations was used to identify factors associated with Disease and to evaluate any effect from vaccination. Results: Analyses demonstrated significant variation in clinical Disease between ponies that possessed different alleles of iron binding transferrin protein but no significant effect from vaccination. Of the 29 ponies monitored, 14 possessing homozygote or non-F2 heterozygote transferrin D alleles demonstrated significantly less clinical Disease (P

Feray Alkan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Prevalence of Equine gammaherpesviruses on breeding farms in Turkey and development of a TaqMan MGB real-time PCR to detect Equine herpesvirus 5 (EHV-5)
    Archives of Virology, 2014
    Co-Authors: A. Zeynep Akkutay, Nikolaus Osterrieder, Armando Damiani, B. Karsten Tischer, Kerstin Borchers, Feray Alkan
    Abstract:

    Equine herpesvirus type 2 (EHV-2) and EHV-5 are members of the subfamily Gammaherpesvirinae. The viruses are detected in horses with upper Respiratory tract Disease and are associated with low performance in racehorses. The aim of the current study was to use nested PCR to investigate the epidemiology of EHV-2 and EHV-5 in Arabian horse populations from breeding farms located in three different cities (Eskişehir, Malatya, and Bursa) in Turkey, using a real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) with a TaqMan® minor-groove-binder (MGB) probe to detect EHV-5. Screening of blood and ocular and nasal swab samples by nested PCR showed the prevalence of EHV-2 and EHV-5 to be 59 % and 62 %, respectively, with a coinfection rate of 45 %. Thirty-seven isolates from blood samples were identified as EHV-2 using nested PCR. To develop the EHV-5 qPCR, a pair of primers and an MGB probe were designed based on a highly conserved genomic region encoding glycoprotein B (gB). The detection limit of the qPCR was 10 molecules per reaction, and it specifically detected EHV-5 and no other herpesviruses infecting horses (EHV-1, EHV-2, or EHV-4). When applied to field samples, the assay proved to be more sensitive than a well-established nested PCR. Therefore, the qPCR developed in this study provides a rapid, reliable, and sensitive diagnostic assay for the detection of EHV-5, and it complements other diagnostic procedures for Equine Respiratory Disease.