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José Manuel López - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A re-evaluation of the taphonomic methodology for the study of small mammal fossil assemblages of South America
Quaternary Science Reviews, 2017Co-Authors: Fernando J. Fernández, Claudia I. Montalvo, Yolanda Fernández-jalvo, Peter Andrews, José Manuel LópezAbstract:Abstract The taphonomic methodology for the study of small mammal fossil was based mainly on actualistic studies of bones and teeth of insectivores (Soricidae, Talpidae, Erinaceidae) and rodents (Arvicolinae, Muridae) recovered from pellets of birds of prey and scats of carnivorous mammals from different places of North America, Europe and Africa. The digestive corrosion patterns on teeth of the South American rodents Sigmodontinae, Caviinae, Ctenomyidae and Abrocomidae, and the marsupials Monodelphini of central Argentina were observed. The comparison between the South American samples with the North American, African and European samples allowed us to establish similarities and differences in the digestive corrosion of the teeth. The main agreements have been recorded in the following groups: Arvicolinae with Caviinae and Abrocomidae; Murinae with Sigmodontinae; Soricidae, Talpidae and Erinaceidae with Monodelphini. However, the particular and simplified configuration of the molars of Ctenomyidae with thicker enamel and dentine exposed has promoted a new description of the categories of digestive corrosion. Likewise Muridae and Sigmodontinae molars, Ctenomyidae presents a delay in the appearance of signs of digestion with regard to other caviomorphs (Caviinae, Abrocomidae). This contribution may, therefore, be useful to know the origin of these South American faunas and the exact taphonomic agent that produced these assemblages. Finally, small mammal samples from an archaeo-palaeontological site from Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina, were studied in order to apply the new methodology emerged from the recent samples.
Dmitri A. Kramerov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Using Inter-SINE–PCR to Study Mammalian Phylogeny
Russian Journal of Genetics, 2002Co-Authors: Anna A. Bannikova, V. A. Matveev, Dmitri A. KramerovAbstract:Results of the use of the fingerprinting method related to short interspersed elements (SINEs), inter- SINE-PCR, in the study of phylogenetic and taxonomic relationship in mammals from orders Chiroptera (fam- ily Vespertilionidae) and Lipotyphla (family Erinaceidae) are reported. The inter-SINE-PCR method is based on the amplification of fragments situated between copies of SINEs, which are short retroposons spaced 100 to 1000 bp apart. Specifically selected primers were used, which are complementary to consensus sequences of two short retroposons: the mammalian interspersed repeat (MIR), which is typical of all mammals and some other vertebrates, was used in the cases of bats and Erinaceidae, and the ERI-1 element recently isolated from the genome of the Daurian hedgehog was used in the case of Erinaceidae. The results support the current view on phylogenetic relationship between hedgehogs belonging to genera Erinaceus, Hemiechinus , and Paraechi- nus (but not the genus Atelerix ). In bats, the phylogenetic reconstruction revealed a statistically valid topology only at lower taxonomic levels, whereas the topology for the genus and supragenus ranks was unresolved and fan-shaped. The benefits and limitations of the inter-SINE-PCR method are discussed.
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Using inter-SINE-PCR to study mammalian phylogeny
Genetika, 2002Co-Authors: A A Bannikova, V. A. Matveev, Dmitri A. KramerovAbstract:Results of the use of the fingerprinting method related to short interspersed elements (SINEs), inter-SINE-PCR, in the study of phylogenetic and taxonomic relationship in mammals from orders Chiroptera (family Vespertilionidae) and Lipotyphla (family Erinaceidae) are reported. The inter-SINE-PCR method is based on the amplification of fragments situated between copies of SINEs, which are short retroposons spaced 100 to 1000 bp apart. Specifically selected primers were used, which are complementary to consensus sequences of two short retroposons: the mammalian interspersed repeat (MIR), which is typical of all mammals and some other vertebrates, was used in the cases of bats and Erinaceidae, and the ERI-1 element recently isolated from the genome of the Daurian hedgehog was used in the case of Erinaceidae. The results support the current view on phylogenetic relationship between hedgehogs belonging to genera Erinaceus, Hemiechinus, and Paraechinus (but not the genus Atelerix). In bats, the phylogenetic reconstruction revealed a statistically valid topology only at lower taxonomic levels, whereas the topology for the genus and supragenus ranks was unresolved and fan-shaped. The benefits and limitations of the inter-SINE-PCR method are discussed.
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short interspersed elements sines from insectivores two classes of mammalian sines distinguished by a rich tail structure
Mammalian Genome, 2001Co-Authors: Olga R Borodulina, Dmitri A. KramerovAbstract:Four tRNA-related SINE families were isolated from the genome of the shrew Sorex araneus (SOR element), mole Mogera robusta (TAL element), and hedgehog Mesechinus dauuricus (ERI-1 and ERI-2 elements). Each of these SINEs families is specific for a single Insectivora family: SOR, for Soricidae (shrews); TAL, for Talpidae (moles and desmans); ERI-1 and ERI-2, for Erinaceidae (hedgehogs). There is a long polypyrimidine region (TC-motif) in TAL, ERI-1, and ERI-2 elements located immediately upstream of an A-rich tail with polyadenylation signals (AATAAA) and an RNA polymerase III terminator (T4\N6 or TCT3\N4). Ten out of 14 analyzed mammalian tRNA-related SINE families have an A-rich tail similar to that of TAL, ERI-1, and ERI-2 elements. These elements were assigned to class T+. The other four SINEs including SOR element have no polyadenylation signal and transcription terminator in their A-rich tail and were assigned to class T−. Class T+ SINEs occur only in mammals, and most of them have a long polypyrimidine region. Possible models of retroposition of class T+ and T− SINEs are discussed.
Hans De Bruijn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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insectivores and marsupials from the upper oligocene of banovici bosnia and herzegovina
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 2017Co-Authors: Roos Van Glabbeek, Zoran Marković, Wilma Wessels, Hans De BruijnAbstract:ABSTRACTThe insectivore and marsupial assemblage from the Banovici Basin (MP30/MN1, Bosnia and Herzegovina) provides, in addition to the Rodentia, a better understanding of the faunal exchange between Europe and Anatolia and the biostratigraphic, paleoecological, and paleobiogeographic interpretations of the area. The small and rather poorly preserved collection of fossil remains of insectivores and marsupials from Banovici includes three genera of Talpidae, three genera of Soricidae, one genus of Erinaceidae, one genus of Heterosoricidae, and one marsupial. At the genus level, this assemblage is a mix of genera known from the late Oligocene–early Miocene of Europe (MP29–MN3) and Anatolia (∼MP30–MN3). The presence of the talpids Suleimania aff. ruemkae and Desmanodon aff. ziegleri indicates an age within the Oligocene/Miocene boundary interval (MP30/MN1), which is consonant with the age estimate based on the rodents and magnetostratigraphy. The diversity of Soricidae and the presence of Geotrypus indicate...
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Insectivores and marsupials from the upper Oligocene of Banovići (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 2017Co-Authors: Roos Van Glabbeek, Zoran Marković, Wilma Wessels, Hans De BruijnAbstract:ABSTRACTThe insectivore and marsupial assemblage from the Banovici Basin (MP30/MN1, Bosnia and Herzegovina) provides, in addition to the Rodentia, a better understanding of the faunal exchange between Europe and Anatolia and the biostratigraphic, paleoecological, and paleobiogeographic interpretations of the area. The small and rather poorly preserved collection of fossil remains of insectivores and marsupials from Banovici includes three genera of Talpidae, three genera of Soricidae, one genus of Erinaceidae, one genus of Heterosoricidae, and one marsupial. At the genus level, this assemblage is a mix of genera known from the late Oligocene–early Miocene of Europe (MP29–MN3) and Anatolia (∼MP30–MN3). The presence of the talpids Suleimania aff. ruemkae and Desmanodon aff. ziegleri indicates an age within the Oligocene/Miocene boundary interval (MP30/MN1), which is consonant with the age estimate based on the rodents and magnetostratigraphy. The diversity of Soricidae and the presence of Geotrypus indicate...
Fernando J. Fernández - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A re-evaluation of the taphonomic methodology for the study of small mammal fossil assemblages of South America
Quaternary Science Reviews, 2017Co-Authors: Fernando J. Fernández, Claudia I. Montalvo, Yolanda Fernández-jalvo, Peter Andrews, José Manuel LópezAbstract:Abstract The taphonomic methodology for the study of small mammal fossil was based mainly on actualistic studies of bones and teeth of insectivores (Soricidae, Talpidae, Erinaceidae) and rodents (Arvicolinae, Muridae) recovered from pellets of birds of prey and scats of carnivorous mammals from different places of North America, Europe and Africa. The digestive corrosion patterns on teeth of the South American rodents Sigmodontinae, Caviinae, Ctenomyidae and Abrocomidae, and the marsupials Monodelphini of central Argentina were observed. The comparison between the South American samples with the North American, African and European samples allowed us to establish similarities and differences in the digestive corrosion of the teeth. The main agreements have been recorded in the following groups: Arvicolinae with Caviinae and Abrocomidae; Murinae with Sigmodontinae; Soricidae, Talpidae and Erinaceidae with Monodelphini. However, the particular and simplified configuration of the molars of Ctenomyidae with thicker enamel and dentine exposed has promoted a new description of the categories of digestive corrosion. Likewise Muridae and Sigmodontinae molars, Ctenomyidae presents a delay in the appearance of signs of digestion with regard to other caviomorphs (Caviinae, Abrocomidae). This contribution may, therefore, be useful to know the origin of these South American faunas and the exact taphonomic agent that produced these assemblages. Finally, small mammal samples from an archaeo-palaeontological site from Northwestern Patagonia, Argentina, were studied in order to apply the new methodology emerged from the recent samples.
Ronny Wolf - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Anomalies and pathological changes of skulls and dentition of wild small mammal species from Germany
Journal of Vertebrate Biology, 2020Co-Authors: Matthias Jentzsch, Richard Kraft, Anna Lemkul, Hans-jürgen Kapischke, Hans-werner Maternowski, Ronny WolfAbstract:Skulls, jaws and teeth of wild terrestrial small mammals (Sciuridae, Soricidae, Erinaceidae, Talpidae, Gliridae, Arvicolidae, Muridae) are occasionally affected by anomalies and pathologies. The present study documents a total of 362 anomalies and 122 pathological changes across 20 different species. These are all based on data published in Germany, supplemented by our own records. Cases were classified into 14 different categories, according to bone and dental anomalies, fractures and inclusions, bone proliferation, dental disease and extreme wear of teeth. An additional category to specifically account for bone proliferation of the skull was not needed, but such findings are to be expected. The most frequent finding was abnormal tooth growth, particularly the elongation of the upper incisors. In individual cases, there was evidence that small mammals are able to recover even from serious injuries to the skull.