The Experts below are selected from a list of 249 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Todd Rivas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Improved Erosion Control selection for steep slopes with the USDA Forest Service Erosion Control Selection Guide
Transportation Research Record, 2003Co-Authors: Todd RivasAbstract:Low-volume forest roads are a significant source of Erosion and can be challenging and expensive to Control because of the steep (greater than 50% slope gradient) slopes. Most Erosion Control documents lack guidance on treatment selection, emphasize temporary Erosion Control, and do not adequately address steep slopes. To address the deficiency, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service San Dimas Technology and Development Center created the USDA Forest Service Erosion Control Selection Guide. The primary focus of the guide is technical information to assist long-term Erosion Control treatment selection on steep slopes, particularly road cut and fill slopes. This guide is a synthesis of information encompassing Erosion Control fundamentals, Erosion and sediment yield prediction models, treatment parameters, Erosion Control treatments, selection tips, installation tips, and additional resources. Treatments include grading, seeding, mulch, soil amendments, rolled Erosion Control products, soil bioen...
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Improved Erosion Control Selection for Steep Slopes with the USDA Forest Service Erosion Control Selection Guide
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2003Co-Authors: Todd RivasAbstract:Low-volume forest roads are a significant source of Erosion and can be challenging and expensive to Control because of the steep (greater than 50% slope gradient) slopes. Most Erosion Control documents lack guidance on treatment selection, emphasize temporary Erosion Control, and do not adequately address steep slopes. To address the deficiency, the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service San Dimas Technology and Development Center created the USDA Forest Service Erosion Control Selection Guide. The primary focus of the guide is technical information to assist long-term Erosion Control treatment selection on steep slopes, particularly road cut and fill slopes. This guide is a synthesis of information encompassing Erosion Control fundamentals, Erosion and sediment yield prediction models, treatment parameters, Erosion Control treatments, selection tips, installation tips, and additional resources. Treatments include grading, seeding, mulch, soil amendments, rolled Erosion Control products, soil bioengineering, and biotechnical stabilization. Significant advantages of the guide include general treatment selection guidance, inclusion of permanent treatment methods, and consideration of steep slopes. The guide is limited because of the complex nature of Erosion; it does not address nontechnical issues, and it may need updating as new information becomes available. Despite these limitations, the guide is a valuable new tool for reducing Erosion and sediment yield on steep slopes of low-volume roads.
S.r. Allen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Evaluation and standardization of rolled Erosion Control products
Geotextiles and Geomembranes, 1996Co-Authors: S.r. AllenAbstract:Abstract The Erosion Control industry has grown significantly in response to continued infrastructure development and increased awareness of water quality problems. There are currently a wide variety of rolled Erosion Control products available, representing a broad spectrum of product construction and corresponding applications. While significant improvements in Erosion Control technology during the past several years have out paced associated standards and research, several important steps are underway to meet critical needs for standardization. This paper outlines the history of advancements in rolled Erosion Control technology. In addition, a summary is presented of the many efforts currently underway by the Erosion Control Technology Council to establish Erosion Control industry standards for terminology, index tests and performance criteria.
Lin Zhen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Soil Erosion Control practices in the Chinese Loess Plateau: A systematic review
Environmental Development, 2020Co-Authors: Xin Wen, Lin ZhenAbstract:Abstract Soil Erosion Control practices have been extensively conducted in the Chinese Loess Plateau, which is one of the most severe soil Erosion regions in the world. Nevertheless, a comprehensive overview of the effectiveness of these Erosion Control practices in this region is lacking. Thus, this systematic review examined the use of Erosion Control practices in the Chinese Loess Plateau. The key question addressed in this paper is: how soil Erosion Control practices have been used in the Chinese Loess Plateau? The assessment was based on (1) the categories of Erosion Control practice, (2) the spatial scales conducted by each Erosion Control practice, and (3) the cost-effectiveness of each Erosion Control practice. One hundred peer-reviewed papers were selected, and our results highlighted: (1) 57% of the studies, 32% of the studies, and 11% of the studies evaluated the effectiveness or impacts of ecological restoration programs, engineering techniques, and soil management techniques on soil Erosion, respectively, but multiple Erosion Control practices evaluation received a little attention. (2) The watershed scale assessment dominated the published studies (65% of the reviewed papers), followed by plot scale assessments (35% of the reviewed papers), but the cross-scale evaluation has received little attention. (3) Soil Erosion Control practices have enhanced most of the soil-related ecosystem services but partially damaged water-related ecosystem services. These Control practices caused trade-offs between soil Erosion Control and water provision and synergies between soil Erosion Control and water use efficiency, water regulation, and crop production. These synergy and trade-off relationships among soil Erosion Control practices and ecosystem services might be changed as time passes. Then, three recommendations are suggested for future studies: (1) a combination of Erosion Control practice assessment needs to be developed, (2) a cross-scale assessment needs to be examined, and (3) a rational balance between soil and water conservation needs to be considered.
R. J. Rickson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Costs and benefits of Erosion Control measures in the UK
Soil Use and Management, 2013Co-Authors: Helena Posthumus, R. J. Rickson, L. K. Deeks, John QuintonAbstract:Soil Erosion is a key threat to ecosystem services. This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of Erosion Control measures based on an ecosystem services approach. The economic appraisal consists of an assessment (i.e. quantification and valuation) of the on-site and off-site impacts of soil Erosion, and its mitigation, on ecosystem services. Many Erosion Control measures result in negative financial and economic returns. This explains why farmers are generally reluctant to implement Erosion Control measures without compensation. Based on the assessment described in this study, tramline management, mulching, buffer strips, high-density planting and sediment traps are the most cost-effective Erosion Control measures for agriculture in the UK. Contour ploughing also appears to be cost-effective, but this measure is not appropriate in all circumstances and therefore cannot be widely promoted. However, actual cost-effectiveness of Erosion Control measures will differ for local circumstances, and it is therefore advised that individual assessments are made at farm level or field level before recommendations are made to farmers.
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The use of geotextiles for soil Erosion Control
2000Co-Authors: R. J. RicksonAbstract:Geotextiles are used by engineers for a variety of applications, such as filtration, separation, slope stabilisation, drainage and soil Erosion Control. At present, there is little research on geotextiles for Erosion Control, despite the increase in their use in the field. There are no guidelines for soil conservationists or field/civil engineers to indicate which product will be most effective for any given site. Studies that do exist tend to be qualitative and descriptive, rather than quantitative and scientific. There is also very limited identification and understanding of the salient physical properties of Erosion Control geotextiles. The present laboratory experiments aim to contribute objective, scientific data. These experiments evaluate the performance of seven different Erosion Control geotextiles. The products are selected to be representative of the types of Erosion Control geotextile currently on the market. The products tested are four natural fibred products, including three woven bionets and one biomat. Three synthetic geomats are also tested: two are buried and one is installed on the soil surface. A bare soil plot is used as the Control in all the tests. The experiments are designed to simulate Erosion processes at the sub-process level. This is achieved by simulating rainsplash and overland flow, both separately, and in combination. Experimental variables used include rainfall intensity (35 mm/hr, 95 mm/hr and 115 mm/hr), overland flow rate (40 ml/sec) and soil type (sandy loam and clay loam). Runoff volume, infiltration volume and soil loss are collected for each experimental run. From the results of these tests, it is possible to indicate how geotextiles modify incoming rainfall and surface hydrology, and therefore affect rates of soil detachment and transport. The results show that Erosion Control effectiveness is influenced by the physical characteristics of the geotextiles tested, soil type and rainfall intensity. The products tested have insignificant effect on runoff volumes generated, but soil loss varies considerably for the different treatments. Overall, the natural, woven products Rickson, R.J. 2000 Cranfield UNIVERSITY perform most effectively, reducing soil loss significantly when compared with the bare soil Control, for all experimental conditions tested. The buried, synthetic products were not as efficient at Controlling soil loss: under some experimental conditions soil loss from these treatments was even greater than that observed for the bare soil Control. The results are analysed in terms of the salient properties of the geotextiles, which explain their performance. The salient properties identified were: percentage ground cover provided by the geotextile, water holding capacity, Geotextile Induced Roughness, wet weight of geotextile and ability to increase overland flow depth. The limitations of the laboratory-based research are indicated, such as the problems of extrapolation from small test plots up to field scale applications, and the…
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Slope Stabilization and Erosion Control: A Bioengineering Approach
1994Co-Authors: Roy P.c. Morgan, R. J. RicksonAbstract:Introduction. Engineering Properties of Vegetation. Ecological Principles for Vegetation Establishment and Maintenance. Simulated Vegetation and Geotextiles. Water Erosion Control. Wind Erosion Control. Slope Stabilization. Conclusion
Jett Mcfalls - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Erosion Control AND ENGINEERING PROPERTIES OF NATIVE VEGETATION COMPARED TO BERMUDAGRASS
2001Co-Authors: Harlow C Landphair, James R Schutt, Jett McfallsAbstract:Roadside slope failure, as well as drainage channel and structure siltation, is related to the health and character of the roadside vegetative community. Native grasses and prairie plant associations are well adapted to the harsh open environments of open prairies and plains, a characteristic shared by many highway roadsides. This study hypothesized that the growth habit of native plants, which includes a tough, deep, fibrous root system, and a dense surface protecting cover, may make them better suited for slope protection and Erosion Control than most introduced grass species commonly used on the roadside. Furthermore, researchers hypothesized that these native vegetation associations would require less cultural maintenance than the introduced grasses and would be less subject to invasion of noxious weeds. The researchers compared the Erosion Control and surface soil-reinforcing properties of four native grass, wildflower, and forb mixes to common Bermudagrass. The performance testing procedures were in accordance with the test procedures developed by the Texas Department of Transportation and the Texas Transportation Institute (TTI) for the evaluation of rolled Erosion Control products. Tests were performed at the TTI's Hydraulics and Erosion Control Field Laboratory, College Station, Texas.
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The performance of flexible Erosion Control materials
1993Co-Authors: S H Godfrey, Harlow C Landphair, J P Long, Jett McfallsAbstract:A series of evaluation procedures to determine the field performance of flexible Erosion Control materials were conducted at the TTI/TxDOT Hydraulics and Erosion Control Laboratory. The objectives of the study were to determine the effect of flexible materials on the germination and growth of native grasses, as well as to determine the effectiveness of the materials to prevent Erosion on typical steep, roadside slopes before the establishment of permanent vegetation. Researchers repeated the vegetation establishment and soil retention portions of the evaluations on two soil types with the option for two different slopes, according to the manufacturer's preference. Researchers conducted the vegetation establishment evaluation by hydraulically applying the seed and fertilizer mixture on the plot, installing the Erosion Control product according to the manufacturer's published literature, and collecting data periodically throughout the growing season. The apparent vegetative cover of each plot is averaged for every round of data collection. Results include the four rounds of vegetation coverage data or the final round of vegetation data, depending on the analysis level. Researchers calculate the minimum amount of vegetation establishment from statistically analyzing the data set for significant difference ranges to the analysis level. Researchers conducted the Erosion Control portion of the study by artificially simulating various rainfall events with the greatest probability of occurrence during highway construction periods. The total dry sediment weight is calculated to achieve the total sediment loss per one hundred square feet of plot area. The report averages the results of each series of simulated design storms for each round of data collection. The resultant of total sediment loss is established by averaging the totals of each round of design storm values. Researchers establish the maximum amount of sediment loss from statistically analyzing the data set for significant difference ranges according to the analysis level.