The Experts below are selected from a list of 156882 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
M K Naik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a comparative evaluation of compression ignition engine characteristics using methyl and ethyl Esters of karanja oil
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: B Baiju, M K NaikAbstract:This paper investigates the scope of utilizing biodiesel developed from both through the methyl as well as ethyl alcohol route (methyl and ethyl ester) from Karanja oil as an alternative diesel fuel. The major problem of using neat Karanja oil as a fuel in a compression ignition engine arises due to its very high viscosity. Transesterification with alcohols reduces the viscosity of the oil and other properties have been evaluated to be comparable with those of diesel. In the present work, methyl and ethyl Esters of Karanja oil were prepared by transesterification using both methanol and ethanol. The physical and chemical properties of ethyl Esters were comparable with that of methyl Esters. However, viscosity of ethyl Esters was slightly higher than that of methyl Esters. Cold flow properties of ethyl Esters were better than those of methyl Esters. Performance and exhaust emission characteristics of the engine were determined using petrodiesel as the baseline fuel and several blends of diesel and biodiesel as test fuels. Results show that methyl Esters produced slightly higher power than ethyl Esters. Exhaust emissions of both Esters were almost identical. These studies show that both methyl and ethyl Esters of Karanja oil can be used as a fuel in compression ignition engine without any engine modification.
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a comparative evaluation of compression ignition engine characteristics using methyl and ethyl Esters of karanja oil
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: B Baiju, M K NaikAbstract:This paper investigates the scope of utilizing biodiesel developed from both through the methyl as well as ethyl alcohol route (methyl and ethyl ester) from Karanja oil as an alternative diesel fuel. The major problem of using neat Karanja oil as a fuel in a compression ignition engine arises due to its very high viscosity. Transesterification with alcohols reduces the viscosity of the oil and other properties have been evaluated to be comparable with those of diesel. In the present work, methyl and ethyl Esters of Karanja oil were prepared by transesterification using both methanol and ethanol. The physical and chemical properties of ethyl Esters were comparable with that of methyl Esters. However, viscosity of ethyl Esters was slightly higher than that of methyl Esters. Cold flow properties of ethyl Esters were better than those of methyl Esters. Performance and exhaust emission characteristics of the engine were determined using petrodiesel as the baseline fuel and several blends of diesel and biodiesel as test fuels. Results show that methyl Esters produced slightly higher power than ethyl Esters. Exhaust emissions of both Esters were almost identical. These studies show that both methyl and ethyl Esters of Karanja oil can be used as a fuel in compression ignition engine without any engine modification.
Weilong Xing - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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isonicotinate ester catalyzed decarboxylative borylation of hetero aryl and alkenyl carboxylic acids through n hydroxyphthalimide Esters
Organic Letters, 2017Co-Authors: Wanmin Cheng, Rui Shang, Bin Zhao, Weilong XingAbstract:Decarboxylative borylation of aryl and alkenyl carboxylic acids with bis(pinacolato)diboron was achieved through N-hydroxyphthalimide Esters using tert-butyl isonicotinate as a catalyst under base-free conditions. A variety of aryl carboxylic acids possessing different functional groups and electronic properties can be smoothly converted to aryl boronate Esters, including those that are difficult to decarboxylate under transition-metal catalysis, offering a new method enabling use of carboxylic acid as building blocks in organic synthesis. Mechanistic analysis suggests the reaction proceeds through coupling of a transient aryl radical generated by radical decarboxylation with a pyridine-stabilized persistent boryl radical. Activation of redox active Esters may proceed via an intramolecular single-electron-transfer (SET) process through a pyridine–diboron–phthalimide adduct and accounts for the base-free reaction conditions.
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Isonicotinate Ester Catalyzed Decarboxylative Borylation of (Hetero)Aryl and Alkenyl Carboxylic Acids through N‑Hydroxyphthalimide Esters
2017Co-Authors: Wanmin Cheng, Rui Shang, Bin Zhao, Weilong XingAbstract:Decarboxylative borylation of aryl and alkenyl carboxylic acids with bis(pinacolato)diboron was achieved through N-hydroxyphthalimide Esters using tert-butyl isonicotinate as a catalyst under base-free conditions. A variety of aryl carboxylic acids possessing different functional groups and electronic properties can be smoothly converted to aryl boronate Esters, including those that are difficult to decarboxylate under transition-metal catalysis, offering a new method enabling use of carboxylic acid as building blocks in organic synthesis. Mechanistic analysis suggests the reaction proceeds through coupling of a transient aryl radical generated by radical decarboxylation with a pyridine-stabilized persistent boryl radical. Activation of redox active Esters may proceed via an intramolecular single-electron-transfer (SET) process through a pyridine–diboron–phthalimide adduct and accounts for the base-free reaction conditions
B Baiju - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a comparative evaluation of compression ignition engine characteristics using methyl and ethyl Esters of karanja oil
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: B Baiju, M K NaikAbstract:This paper investigates the scope of utilizing biodiesel developed from both through the methyl as well as ethyl alcohol route (methyl and ethyl ester) from Karanja oil as an alternative diesel fuel. The major problem of using neat Karanja oil as a fuel in a compression ignition engine arises due to its very high viscosity. Transesterification with alcohols reduces the viscosity of the oil and other properties have been evaluated to be comparable with those of diesel. In the present work, methyl and ethyl Esters of Karanja oil were prepared by transesterification using both methanol and ethanol. The physical and chemical properties of ethyl Esters were comparable with that of methyl Esters. However, viscosity of ethyl Esters was slightly higher than that of methyl Esters. Cold flow properties of ethyl Esters were better than those of methyl Esters. Performance and exhaust emission characteristics of the engine were determined using petrodiesel as the baseline fuel and several blends of diesel and biodiesel as test fuels. Results show that methyl Esters produced slightly higher power than ethyl Esters. Exhaust emissions of both Esters were almost identical. These studies show that both methyl and ethyl Esters of Karanja oil can be used as a fuel in compression ignition engine without any engine modification.
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a comparative evaluation of compression ignition engine characteristics using methyl and ethyl Esters of karanja oil
Renewable Energy, 2009Co-Authors: B Baiju, M K NaikAbstract:This paper investigates the scope of utilizing biodiesel developed from both through the methyl as well as ethyl alcohol route (methyl and ethyl ester) from Karanja oil as an alternative diesel fuel. The major problem of using neat Karanja oil as a fuel in a compression ignition engine arises due to its very high viscosity. Transesterification with alcohols reduces the viscosity of the oil and other properties have been evaluated to be comparable with those of diesel. In the present work, methyl and ethyl Esters of Karanja oil were prepared by transesterification using both methanol and ethanol. The physical and chemical properties of ethyl Esters were comparable with that of methyl Esters. However, viscosity of ethyl Esters was slightly higher than that of methyl Esters. Cold flow properties of ethyl Esters were better than those of methyl Esters. Performance and exhaust emission characteristics of the engine were determined using petrodiesel as the baseline fuel and several blends of diesel and biodiesel as test fuels. Results show that methyl Esters produced slightly higher power than ethyl Esters. Exhaust emissions of both Esters were almost identical. These studies show that both methyl and ethyl Esters of Karanja oil can be used as a fuel in compression ignition engine without any engine modification.
Wanmin Cheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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isonicotinate ester catalyzed decarboxylative borylation of hetero aryl and alkenyl carboxylic acids through n hydroxyphthalimide Esters
Organic Letters, 2017Co-Authors: Wanmin Cheng, Rui Shang, Bin Zhao, Weilong XingAbstract:Decarboxylative borylation of aryl and alkenyl carboxylic acids with bis(pinacolato)diboron was achieved through N-hydroxyphthalimide Esters using tert-butyl isonicotinate as a catalyst under base-free conditions. A variety of aryl carboxylic acids possessing different functional groups and electronic properties can be smoothly converted to aryl boronate Esters, including those that are difficult to decarboxylate under transition-metal catalysis, offering a new method enabling use of carboxylic acid as building blocks in organic synthesis. Mechanistic analysis suggests the reaction proceeds through coupling of a transient aryl radical generated by radical decarboxylation with a pyridine-stabilized persistent boryl radical. Activation of redox active Esters may proceed via an intramolecular single-electron-transfer (SET) process through a pyridine–diboron–phthalimide adduct and accounts for the base-free reaction conditions.
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Isonicotinate Ester Catalyzed Decarboxylative Borylation of (Hetero)Aryl and Alkenyl Carboxylic Acids through N‑Hydroxyphthalimide Esters
2017Co-Authors: Wanmin Cheng, Rui Shang, Bin Zhao, Weilong XingAbstract:Decarboxylative borylation of aryl and alkenyl carboxylic acids with bis(pinacolato)diboron was achieved through N-hydroxyphthalimide Esters using tert-butyl isonicotinate as a catalyst under base-free conditions. A variety of aryl carboxylic acids possessing different functional groups and electronic properties can be smoothly converted to aryl boronate Esters, including those that are difficult to decarboxylate under transition-metal catalysis, offering a new method enabling use of carboxylic acid as building blocks in organic synthesis. Mechanistic analysis suggests the reaction proceeds through coupling of a transient aryl radical generated by radical decarboxylation with a pyridine-stabilized persistent boryl radical. Activation of redox active Esters may proceed via an intramolecular single-electron-transfer (SET) process through a pyridine–diboron–phthalimide adduct and accounts for the base-free reaction conditions
Hailong Wang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Contamination and remediation of phthalic acid Esters in agricultural soils in China: a review
Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 2015Co-Authors: Gerty Gielen, Nanthi S. Bolan, Xiaokai Zhang, Hua Qin, Huagang Huang, Hailong WangAbstract:Phthalic acid Esters have been used as plasticizers in numerous products and classified as endocrine-disrupting compounds. As China is one of the largest consumers of phthalic acid Esters, some human activities may lead to the accumulation of phthalic acid Esters in soil and result in contamination. Therefore, it is necessary for us to understand the current contamination status and to identify appropriate remediation technologies. Here, we reviewed the potential sources, distribution, and contamination status of phthalic acid Esters in soil. We then described the ecological effect and human risk of phthalic acid Esters and finally provided technologies to remediate phthalic acid Esters. We found that (1) the application of plastic agricultural films, municipal biosolids, agricultural chemicals, and wastewater irrigation have been identified as the main sources for phthalic acid ester contamination in agricultural soil; (2) the distribution of phthalic acid Esters in soils is determined by factors such as anthropogenic behaviors, soil type, properties of phthalic acid Esters, seasonal variation, etc.; (3) the concentrations of phthalic acid Esters in soil in most regions of China are exceeding the recommended values of soil cleanup guidelines used by the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), causing phthalic acid ester in soils to contaminate vegetables; (4) phthalic acid Esters are toxic to soil microbes and enzymes; and (5) phthalic acid ester-contaminated soil can be remedied by degradation, phytoremediation, and adsorption.
