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Lyle R Petersen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Estimated Risk of transmission of the west nile virus through blood transfusion in the us 2002
    Transfusion, 2003
    Co-Authors: Brad J Biggerstaff, Lyle R Petersen
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: The West Nile virus (WNV) epidemic in 2002 in the US saw over 3300 reported human cases of WNV disease, with over 2300 reported cases of WNV encephalitis and meningitis. The first documented cases of transfusion transmission of WNV through voluntary blood donation also occurred. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Case onset dates from the 2002 WNV epidemic in the US were used to estimate the Risk of transfusion-associated transmission with statistical resampling. An easily computed approximating formula for the mean Risk was derived. Estimates were computed for six high-incidence states and metropolitan areas. RESULTS: Mean and maximum Risk of transfusion-associated WNV transmission (per 10,000 donations) during the epidemic period for the selected states ranged from 2.12 to 4.76 and from 4.34 to 10.46, respectively; for the selected metropolitan areas, they ranged from 1.46 to 12.33 and from 3.02 to 21.32, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Estimates of the mean Risk of WNV transmission by transfusion ranged from 1.46 to 12.33 per 10,000 donations for six high-incidence metropolitan areas during the 2002 epidemic. Because the Risk was highly geographically and temporally variable, computation of geographically localized estimates is recommended. The derived approximating formula for the mean Risk performed well for the estimates given.

  • Estimated Risk of west nile virus transmission through blood transfusion during an epidemic in queens new york city
    Transfusion, 2002
    Co-Authors: Brad J Biggerstaff, Lyle R Petersen
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND : Human West Nile virus (WNV) infection has been documented in the eastern United States since its discovery there in 1999. Epidemics of WNV encephalitis and meningitis raise concern that transmission of WNV may occur through voluntary blood donations. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : Case onset dates from the 1999 Queens, NY, epidemic of WNV encephalitis and meningitis, and historic data on viremia in humans are used to estimate the number of cases that were viremic throughout the epidemic. Estimates of the inapparent-to-apparent WNV infection ratio, the proportion of asymptomatic infections reported in a seroepidemiologic survey coincident with the epidemic, and the population size are used to infer the WNV transfusion-transmission Risk. Statistical resampling methods are used. RESULTS : The maximum and mean Risk of WNV transmission (/10,000) from donors in Queens were Estimated as 2.7 (95% CI, 0.9-5.6) and 1.8 (95% CI, 1.4-2.2), respectively. The Risk peaked in late August, with very low Risk before August and after September. CONCLUSION : Although most WNV-infected individuals have subclinical infections, these data suggest a low prevalence of viremia throughout the Queens epidemic and subsequent low Risk of transmission of WNV by blood transfusion.

  • Estimated Risk of transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus by screened blood in the united states
    The New England Journal of Medicine, 1995
    Co-Authors: Eve M Lackritz, Robert S Janssen, Glen A Satten, J Aberlegrasse, Roger Y Dodd, V Raimondi, W F Lewis, Edward P Notari, Lyle R Petersen
    Abstract:

    Background In the United States, transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by blood transfusion occurs almost exclusively when a recently infected blood donor is infectious but before antibodies to HIV become detectable (during the “window period”). We Estimated the Risk of HIV transmission caused by transfusion on the basis of the window period associated with the use of current, sensitive enzyme immunosorbent assays and recent data on HIV incidence among blood donors. Methods We analyzed demographic and laboratory data on more than 4.1 million blood donations obtained in 1992 and 1993 in 19 regions served by the American National Red Cross, as well as the results of HIV-antibody tests of 4.9 million donations obtained in an additional 23 regions. Results We Estimated that, in the 19 study regions, 1 donation in every 360,000 (95 percent confidence interval, 210,000 to 1,140,000) was made during the window period. In addition, it is Estimated that 1 in 2,600,000 donations was HIV-seropositiv...

Brad J Biggerstaff - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Estimated Risk of transmission of the west nile virus through blood transfusion in the us 2002
    Transfusion, 2003
    Co-Authors: Brad J Biggerstaff, Lyle R Petersen
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND: The West Nile virus (WNV) epidemic in 2002 in the US saw over 3300 reported human cases of WNV disease, with over 2300 reported cases of WNV encephalitis and meningitis. The first documented cases of transfusion transmission of WNV through voluntary blood donation also occurred. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Case onset dates from the 2002 WNV epidemic in the US were used to estimate the Risk of transfusion-associated transmission with statistical resampling. An easily computed approximating formula for the mean Risk was derived. Estimates were computed for six high-incidence states and metropolitan areas. RESULTS: Mean and maximum Risk of transfusion-associated WNV transmission (per 10,000 donations) during the epidemic period for the selected states ranged from 2.12 to 4.76 and from 4.34 to 10.46, respectively; for the selected metropolitan areas, they ranged from 1.46 to 12.33 and from 3.02 to 21.32, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Estimates of the mean Risk of WNV transmission by transfusion ranged from 1.46 to 12.33 per 10,000 donations for six high-incidence metropolitan areas during the 2002 epidemic. Because the Risk was highly geographically and temporally variable, computation of geographically localized estimates is recommended. The derived approximating formula for the mean Risk performed well for the estimates given.

  • Estimated Risk of west nile virus transmission through blood transfusion during an epidemic in queens new york city
    Transfusion, 2002
    Co-Authors: Brad J Biggerstaff, Lyle R Petersen
    Abstract:

    BACKGROUND : Human West Nile virus (WNV) infection has been documented in the eastern United States since its discovery there in 1999. Epidemics of WNV encephalitis and meningitis raise concern that transmission of WNV may occur through voluntary blood donations. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS : Case onset dates from the 1999 Queens, NY, epidemic of WNV encephalitis and meningitis, and historic data on viremia in humans are used to estimate the number of cases that were viremic throughout the epidemic. Estimates of the inapparent-to-apparent WNV infection ratio, the proportion of asymptomatic infections reported in a seroepidemiologic survey coincident with the epidemic, and the population size are used to infer the WNV transfusion-transmission Risk. Statistical resampling methods are used. RESULTS : The maximum and mean Risk of WNV transmission (/10,000) from donors in Queens were Estimated as 2.7 (95% CI, 0.9-5.6) and 1.8 (95% CI, 1.4-2.2), respectively. The Risk peaked in late August, with very low Risk before August and after September. CONCLUSION : Although most WNV-infected individuals have subclinical infections, these data suggest a low prevalence of viremia throughout the Queens epidemic and subsequent low Risk of transmission of WNV by blood transfusion.

Kooyul Jung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • A Model for Measuring Supplier Risk: Do Operational Capability Indicators Enhance the Prediction Accuracy of Supplier Risk?
    British Journal of Management, 2010
    Co-Authors: Kooyul Jung
    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to develop a supplier Risk assessment model for buyers to estimate supplier Risk. It is one of the few empirical studies that considers both operational capability indicators and financial indicators; a standard logit model with five key variables (switching cost, operating profit margin, asset turnover ratio, quality capability and technological capability) was suggested as a practical tool. This model not only enhanced the accuracy of supplier Risk assessment, but also served as a core element of a new supply chain management tool, ‘supplier management at Risk’. More practically, the model enables purchasing firms to assess supplier Risk and take proactive measures against the Estimated Risk.

Kenneth H. Brown - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Joanne E. Arsenault - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.