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Esteban Alonso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Distribution and temporal evolution of pharmaceutically active Compounds alongside sewage sludge treatment. Risk assessment of sludge application onto soils.
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2012
    Co-Authors: Julia San Martín, Ma Dolores Camacho-muñoz, Juan Luis Santos, Irene Aparicio, Esteban Alonso
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this work, the distribution and the ecotoxicological risk of sixteen pharmaceutically active Compounds belonging to seven different therapeutic groups (five anti-inflammatory drugs, two antibiotics, an anti-epileptic drug, a β-blocker, a nervous stimulant, four estrogens and two lipid regulators) have been studied in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants. Only three of the sixteen pharmaceutical Compounds were never detected in sludge while eleven of the studied pharmaceuticals were still detected in compost. Mean concentration levels of the pharmaceutically active Compounds ranged between 24.9 and 4105 μg/kg dm, 14.5–944 μg/kg dm, 3.29–636 μg/kg dm and 9.19–974 μg/kg dm in primary, secondary, digested sludge and compost, respectively. An increase in the concentration levels of most of the pharmaceuticals was observed from summer to winter (mean values in primary and secondary sludge were 304 and 85.1 μg/kg dm in summer and 435 and 175 μg/kg dm in winter, respectively) probably due to an increase of their consumption during the coldest season and a reduction of the microbial activity under colder temperatures. The highest ecotoxicological risk, in digested sludge and compost, was due to the Estrogenic Compound 17β-estradiol. The ecotoxicological risk significantly decreased after the application of digested sludge or compost to the soils (risk quotient values ranged between 0.04 and 252 in digested sludge and 0.002–37.8 in compost and decreased to 8·10 −4 –1.92 in digested sludge-amended soil and 1·10 −4 –0.23 in compost-amended soil).

  • Distribution and temporal evolution of pharmaceutically active Compounds alongside sewage sludge treatment. Risk assessment of sludge application onto soils
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2012
    Co-Authors: Julia San Martín, Ma Dolores Camacho-muñoz, Juan Luis Santos, Irene Aparicio, Esteban Alonso
    Abstract:

    In this work, the distribution and the ecotoxicological risk of sixteen pharmaceutically active Compounds belonging to seven different therapeutic groups (five anti-inflammatory drugs, two antibiotics, an anti-epileptic drug, a β-blocker, a nervous stimulant, four estrogens and two lipid regulators) have been studied in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants. Only three of the sixteen pharmaceutical Compounds were never detected in sludge while eleven of the studied pharmaceuticals were still detected in compost. Mean concentration levels of the pharmaceutically active Compounds ranged between 24.9 and 4105 μg/kg dm, 14.5-944 μg/kg dm, 3.29-636 μg/kg dm and 9.19-974 μg/kg dm in primary, secondary, digested sludge and compost, respectively. An increase in the concentration levels of most of the pharmaceuticals was observed from summer to winter (mean values in primary and secondary sludge were 304 and 85.1 μg/kg dm in summer and 435 and 175 μg/kg dm in winter, respectively) probably due to an increase of their consumption during the coldest season and a reduction of the microbial activity under colder temperatures. The highest ecotoxicological risk, in digested sludge and compost, was due to the Estrogenic Compound 17β-estradiol. The ecotoxicological risk significantly decreased after the application of digested sludge or compost to the soils (risk quotient values ranged between 0.04 and 252 in digested sludge and 0.002-37.8 in compost and decreased to 8·10-4-1.92 in digested sludge-amended soil and 1·10-4-0.23 in compost-amended soil). © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Julia San Martín - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Distribution and temporal evolution of pharmaceutically active Compounds alongside sewage sludge treatment. Risk assessment of sludge application onto soils.
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2012
    Co-Authors: Julia San Martín, Ma Dolores Camacho-muñoz, Juan Luis Santos, Irene Aparicio, Esteban Alonso
    Abstract:

    Abstract In this work, the distribution and the ecotoxicological risk of sixteen pharmaceutically active Compounds belonging to seven different therapeutic groups (five anti-inflammatory drugs, two antibiotics, an anti-epileptic drug, a β-blocker, a nervous stimulant, four estrogens and two lipid regulators) have been studied in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants. Only three of the sixteen pharmaceutical Compounds were never detected in sludge while eleven of the studied pharmaceuticals were still detected in compost. Mean concentration levels of the pharmaceutically active Compounds ranged between 24.9 and 4105 μg/kg dm, 14.5–944 μg/kg dm, 3.29–636 μg/kg dm and 9.19–974 μg/kg dm in primary, secondary, digested sludge and compost, respectively. An increase in the concentration levels of most of the pharmaceuticals was observed from summer to winter (mean values in primary and secondary sludge were 304 and 85.1 μg/kg dm in summer and 435 and 175 μg/kg dm in winter, respectively) probably due to an increase of their consumption during the coldest season and a reduction of the microbial activity under colder temperatures. The highest ecotoxicological risk, in digested sludge and compost, was due to the Estrogenic Compound 17β-estradiol. The ecotoxicological risk significantly decreased after the application of digested sludge or compost to the soils (risk quotient values ranged between 0.04 and 252 in digested sludge and 0.002–37.8 in compost and decreased to 8·10 −4 –1.92 in digested sludge-amended soil and 1·10 −4 –0.23 in compost-amended soil).

  • Distribution and temporal evolution of pharmaceutically active Compounds alongside sewage sludge treatment. Risk assessment of sludge application onto soils
    Journal of Environmental Management, 2012
    Co-Authors: Julia San Martín, Ma Dolores Camacho-muñoz, Juan Luis Santos, Irene Aparicio, Esteban Alonso
    Abstract:

    In this work, the distribution and the ecotoxicological risk of sixteen pharmaceutically active Compounds belonging to seven different therapeutic groups (five anti-inflammatory drugs, two antibiotics, an anti-epileptic drug, a β-blocker, a nervous stimulant, four estrogens and two lipid regulators) have been studied in sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants. Only three of the sixteen pharmaceutical Compounds were never detected in sludge while eleven of the studied pharmaceuticals were still detected in compost. Mean concentration levels of the pharmaceutically active Compounds ranged between 24.9 and 4105 μg/kg dm, 14.5-944 μg/kg dm, 3.29-636 μg/kg dm and 9.19-974 μg/kg dm in primary, secondary, digested sludge and compost, respectively. An increase in the concentration levels of most of the pharmaceuticals was observed from summer to winter (mean values in primary and secondary sludge were 304 and 85.1 μg/kg dm in summer and 435 and 175 μg/kg dm in winter, respectively) probably due to an increase of their consumption during the coldest season and a reduction of the microbial activity under colder temperatures. The highest ecotoxicological risk, in digested sludge and compost, was due to the Estrogenic Compound 17β-estradiol. The ecotoxicological risk significantly decreased after the application of digested sludge or compost to the soils (risk quotient values ranged between 0.04 and 252 in digested sludge and 0.002-37.8 in compost and decreased to 8·10-4-1.92 in digested sludge-amended soil and 1·10-4-0.23 in compost-amended soil). © 2012 Elsevier Ltd.

Masato Kinoshita - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characteristics of ChgH-GFP transgenic medaka lines, an in vivo Estrogenic Compound detection system.
    Marine pollution bulletin, 2008
    Co-Authors: Kanta Kurauchi, Takashi Hirata, Masato Kinoshita
    Abstract:

    We previously reported the characteristics of a ChgH-GFP transgenic medaka line that indicates Estrogenic Compound pollution in environmental water by the green fluorescence of their liver. Recently, we established four more lines. In this study, the characteristics of the five transgenic medaka lines were investigated. The intensity of reporter gene expression varied among transgenic lines and generally correlated well with the amount of integrated transgene in each line. Line-specific ectopic expression was also observed. However, the sensitivity to 17-beta estradiol did not differ among transgenic lines. Three transgenic lines are considered to be suitable as bio-indicators of Estrogenic activity, due to the ease of observing green fluorescence in their livers. The transgenic lines can also detect the Estrogenic activity of testosterone and 17-beta trenbolone at the nominal concentration of 30 and 100 microg/l, respectively.

  • characteristics of chgh gfp transgenic medaka lines an in vivo Estrogenic Compound detection system
    Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2008
    Co-Authors: Kanta Kurauchi, Takashi Hirata, Masato Kinoshita
    Abstract:

    Abstract We previously reported the characteristics of a ChgH–GFP transgenic medaka line that indicates Estrogenic Compound pollution in environmental water by the green fluorescence of their liver. Recently, we established four more lines. In this study, the characteristics of the five transgenic medaka lines were investigated. The intensity of reporter gene expression varied among transgenic lines and generally correlated well with the amount of integrated transgene in each line. Line-specific ectopic expression was also observed. However, the sensitivity to 17-β estradiol did not differ among transgenic lines. Three transgenic lines are considered to be suitable as bio-indicators of Estrogenic activity, due to the ease of observing green fluorescence in their livers. The transgenic lines can also detect the Estrogenic activity of testosterone and 17-β trenbolone at the nominal concentration of 30 and 100 μg/l, respectively.

Tsuneo Honjo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effects of bisphenol a on the reproduction of japanese medaka oryzias latipes
    Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 2002
    Co-Authors: Ik Joon Kang, Hirofumi Yokota, Yuji Oshima, Yukinari Tsuruda, Toshiaki Oe, Nobuyoshi Imada, Hiroshi Tadokoro, Tsuneo Honjo
    Abstract:

    We elucidated the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on the reproductive capacity (fecundity and fertility) and Estrogenic response of adult Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) and studied the transgenerational effects (F1 generation growth and sex) of this agent on the F1 offspring. Eight mating pairs of medaka were exposed to BPA for three weeks at a measured concentration of 837, 1,720, or 3,120 μg/L. Throughout the exposure period, we observed no reduction of fecundity and fertility in any treatment group and no reduction in survival and growth or any imbalance of the sex ratio of the offspring. However, histologic examination revealed testis-ova in 13% of the males in the 837-μg/L treatment group, 86% of those in the 1,720-μg/L group, and 50% of those that received 3,120 μg BPA/L. In addition, concentrations of hepatic vitellogenin were increased significantly in males treated with BPA at 3,120 μg/L (p = 0.0148). These results suggest that BPA is a weakly Estrogenic Compound that has the potential to alter sexual development and induce vitellogenin in male medaka but that has no adverse effect on reproductive success.

Luigi Cobellis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • exposure to di 2 ethylhexyl phthalate di n butyl phthalate and bisphenol a through infant formulas
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2015
    Co-Authors: Teresa Cirillo, Maria Antonietta Castaldi, Lucia Dipaola, Evelina Fasano, Fabio Di Francesco, Giuseppe Latini, Francesco Esposito, Gelsomina Scognamiglio, Luigi Cobellis
    Abstract:

    Phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) are ubiquitous contaminants identified as endocrine disruptors. Phthalates are worldwide used as plasticizers, in particular to improve the mechanical properties of polymers such as polyvinyl chloride. Because they are not chemically bound to the polymer, they tend to leach out with time and use. Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) are the two most common phthalates. BPA is an Estrogenic Compound used to manufacture polycarbonate containers for food and drink, including baby bottles. It can migrate from container into foods, especially at elevated temperatures. Diet is a predominant source of exposure for phthalates and BPA, especially for infants. The aim of this study was to test the presence of DEHP, DnBP, and BPA in infant formulas. DEHP, DnBP, and BPA concentrations were measured in 22 liquid and 28 powder milks by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and high performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection, res...

  • Exposure to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate and bisphenol A through infant formulas
    Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2015
    Co-Authors: Teresa Cirillo, Maria Antonietta Castaldi, Lucia Dipaola, Evelina Fasano, Fabio Di Francesco, Giuseppe Latini, Francesco Esposito, Gelsomina Scognamiglio, Luigi Cobellis
    Abstract:

    Phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA) are ubiquitous contaminants identified as endocrine disruptors. Phthalates are worldwide used as plasticizers, in particular to improve the mechanical properties of polymers such as polyvinyl chloride. Because they are not chemically bound to the polymer, they tend to leach out with time and use. Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) and di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) are the two most common phthalates. BPA is an Estrogenic Compound used to manufacture polycarbonate containers for food and drink, including baby bottles. It can migrate from container into foods, especially at elevated temperatures. Diet is a predominant source of exposure for phthalates and BPA, especially for infants. The aim of this study was to test the presence of DEHP, DnBP, and BPA in infant formulas. DEHP, DnBP, and BPA concentrations were measured in 22 liquid and 28 powder milks by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and high performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection, respectively. DEHP concentrations in our samples were between 0.005 and 5.088 μg/g (median 0.906 μg/g), DnBP concentrations were between 0.008 and 1.297 μg/g (median 0.053 μg/g), and BPA concentrations were between 0.003 and 0.375 μg/g (median 0.015 μg/g). Concentrations of the investigated contaminants in liquid and powder milks were not significantly different, even though samples were packed in different types of containers. These data point out potential hazards for infants fed with baby formulas. Contamination seems more related to the production of formulas than to a release from containers.