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Eskenazi Brenda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aerial Application of Mancozeb and Urinary Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) Concentrations among Pregnant Women in Costa Rica: The Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA).
'Environmental Health Perspectives', 2014Co-Authors: Van Wendel De Joode, Berna, Mora, Ana M, Córdoba Leonel, Cano, Juan C, Quesada Rosario, Faniband Moosa, Wesseling Catharina, Ruepert Clemens, Oberg Mattias, Eskenazi BrendaAbstract:Background: Mancozeb and its main metabolite Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) may alter thyroid function; thyroid hormones are essential for fetal brain development. In Costa Rica, mancozeb is aerially sprayed at large-scale banana plantations on a weekly basis. Objectives: (1) evaluate urinary ETU concentrations in pregnant women living nearby large-scale banana plantations; (2) compare their estimated daily intake (EDI) with established Reference Doses (RfDs); and (3) identify factors that predict their urinary ETU concentrations. Methods: We enrolled 451 pregnant women from Matina County, Costa Rica, with large-scale banana production. We visited 445 women up to three times during pregnancy to obtain urine samples (n = 872) and information on factors that possibly influence exposure. We determined urinary ETU concentrations using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS). Results: Pregnant women's median urinary ETU concentrations were more than five times higher than reported for other general populations. Seventy-two percent of the women had EDIs above the RfD. Women who lived closest (1st quartile, < 48 meters) to banana plantations on average had a 45% (95% CI: 23, 72%) higher urinary ETU compared with women who lived farthest away (4th quartile, ≥ 565 meter). Compared with the other women, ETU was also higher in women who washed agricultural work clothes on day before sampling (11%; 95% CI; 4.9, 17%), worked in agriculture during pregnancy (19%; 95% CI: 9.3, 29), and immigrant women (6.2%; 95% CI: 1.0, 13%). Conclusions: The pregnant women's urinary ETU concentrations are of concern, and the principal source of exposure is likely to be aerial spraying of mancozeb. The factors predicting ETU provide insight into possibilities for exposure reduction
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Aerial application of mancozeb and urinary Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) concentrations among pregnant women in Costa Rica: the Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA).
Research: Children´s health, 2014Co-Authors: Van Wendel De Joode, Berna, Córdoba Leonel, Quesada Rosario, Faniband Moosa, Wesseling Catharina, Ruepert Clemens, Mora, Ana María, Cano Camilo, Oberg Mathias, Eskenazi BrendaAbstract:Background: Mancozeb and its main metabolite Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) may alter thyroid function; thyroid hormones are essential for fetal brain development. In Costa Rica, mancozeb is aerially sprayed at large-scale banana plantations on a weekly basis. Objectives: Our goals were to evaluate urinary ETU concentrations in pregnant women living near large-scale banana plantations, compare their estimated daily intake (EDI) with established reference doses (RfDs), and identify factors that predict their urinary ETU concentrations. Methods: We enrolled 451 pregnant women from Matina County, Costa Rica, which has large-scale banana production. We visited 445 women up to three times during pregnancy to obtain urine samples (n = 872) and information on factors that possibly influence exposure. We determined urinary ETU concentrations using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Results: Pregnant women’s median urinary ETU concentrations were more than five times higher than those reported for other general populations. Seventy-two percent of the women had EDIs above the RfD. Women who lived closest (1st quartile, < 48 m) to banana plantations on average had a 45% (95% CI: 23, 72%) higher urinary ETU compared with women who lived farthest away (4th quartile, ≥ 565 m). Compared with the other women, ETU was also higher in women who washed agricultural work clothes on the day before sampling (11%; 95% CI: 4.9, 17%), women who worked in agriculture during pregnancy (19%; 95% CI: 9.3, 29%), and immigrant women (6.2%; 95% CI: 1.0, 13%). Conclusions: The pregnant women’s urinary ETU concentrations are of concern, and the principal source of exposure is likely to be aerial spraying of mancozeb. The factors predicting ETU provide insight into possibilities for exposure reduction.Antecedentes: El mancozeb y su principal metabolito, la tiourea de etileno (ETU), pueden alterar la tiroides Las hormonas tiroideas son esenciales para el desarrollo del cerebro del feto. En Costa Rica, el mancozeb es rociado aéreo en las grandes plantaciones de plátanos semanalmente. Objetivos: Nuestros objetivos eran evaluar las concentraciones de ETU en la orina de las mujeres embarazadas que viven cerca de plantaciones de banano en gran escala, comparen su ingesta diaria estimada (IDE) con la establecida dosis de referencia (RfD), e identificar los factores que predicen sus concentraciones de ETU en orina. Métodos: Inscribimos a 451 mujeres embarazadas del condado de Matina, Costa Rica, que ha producción de bananas a gran escala. Visitamos a 445 mujeres hasta tres veces durante el embarazo para obtener muestras de orina (n = 872) e información sobre los factores que posiblemente influyan en la exposición. Nosotros determinó las concentraciones urinarias de ETU usando la cromatografía líquida de espectrometría de masas. Resultados: Las concentraciones medias de ETU urinaria de las mujeres embarazadas fueron más de cinco veces más altas que las comunicadas para otras poblaciones generales. El setenta y dos por ciento de las mujeres tenían EDIs por encima del RfD. Las mujeres que vivían más cerca (1er cuartil, < 48 m) de las plantaciones de plátanos en promedio tenía un 45% (95% CI: 23, 72%) más de ETU urinaria en comparación con las mujeres que vivían más lejos. (4º cuartil, ≥ 565 m). En comparación con las otras mujeres, la ETU fue también más alta en las mujeres que lavó la ropa de trabajo agrícola el día antes de la toma de muestras (11%; 95% CI: 4,9, 17%), las mujeres que trabajaron en la agricultura durante el embarazo (19%; 95% CI: 9,3, 29%), y las mujeres inmigrantes (6,2%; 95% CI: 1,0, 13%). Conclusiones: Las concentraciones de ETU urinaria de las mujeres embarazadas son preocupantes, y el La principal fuente de exposición es probablemente la pulverización aérea de mancozeb. Los factores que predicen la ETU proporcionan una visión de las posibilidades de reducción de la exposición.Universidad Nacional, Costa RicaUniversity of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USALund University, Lund, SwedenKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenUniversité du Québec a Montréal, Montréal, Québec, CanadaInstituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas, Universidad Nacional, Costa RicaCenter for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at BerkeleyDivision of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund UniversityInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, StockholmCentre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur la biologie la santé et l’environnement (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec a Montréa
Brenda Eskenazi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aerial application of mancozeb and urinary Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) concentrations among pregnant women in Costa Rica: the Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA).
Environmental health perspectives, 2014Co-Authors: Berna Van Wendel De Joode, Ana M. Mora, Leonel Córdoba, Juan Camilo Cano, Rosario Quesada, Moosa Faniband, Catharina Wesseling, Clemens Ruepert, Mattias Öberg, Brenda EskenaziAbstract:Background: Mancozeb and its main metabolite Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) may alter thyroid function; thyroid hormones are essential for fetal brain development. In Costa Rica, mancozeb is aerially sprayed at large-scale banana plantations on a weekly basis. Objectives: (1) evaluate urinary ETU concentrations in pregnant women living nearby large-scale banana plantations; (2) compare their estimated daily intake (EDI) with established Reference Doses (RfDs); and (3) identify factors that predict their urinary ETU concentrations. Methods: We enrolled 451 pregnant women from Matina County, Costa Rica, with large-scale banana production. We visited 445 women up to three times during pregnancy to obtain urine samples (n = 872) and information on factors that possibly influence exposure. We determined urinary ETU concentrations using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS). Results: Pregnant women's median urinary ETU concentrations were more than five times higher than reported for other general populations. Seventy-two percent of the women had EDIs above the RfD. Women who lived closest (1st quartile, < 48 meters) to banana plantations on average had a 45% (95% CI: 23, 72%) higher urinary ETU compared with women who lived farthest away (4th quartile, ≥ 565 meter). Compared with the other women, ETU was also higher in women who washed agricultural work clothes on day before sampling (11%; 95% CI; 4.9, 17%), worked in agriculture during pregnancy (19%; 95% CI: 9.3, 29), and immigrant women (6.2%; 95% CI: 1.0, 13%). Conclusions: The pregnant women's urinary ETU concentrations are of concern, and the principal source of exposure is likely to be aerial spraying of mancozeb. The factors predicting ETU provide insight into possibilities for exposure reduction. (Less)
Chao Fang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A temporal study of the surface enhanced Raman bond polarizabilities of Ethylene Thiourea on the Ag electrode: The electromagnetic and charge transfer mechanisms
Journal of Molecular Structure, 2007Co-Authors: Chao Fang, Zhaojun LiuAbstract:Based on the surface enhanced Raman intensities of Ethylene Thiourea on the silver electrode, the temporal bond polarizabilities are elucidated to offer important information of the surface enhancement mechanisms. The results demonstrated that both the electromagnetic and charge transfer mechanisms are responsible for the large enhancement. The relaxation rates of the various bond polarizabilities are displayed. All obey a single exponentially decaying function, independent of potentials and mechanisms. The characteristic time for the relaxation due to charge transfer mechanism is larger than that via the electromagnetic mechanism due to that its relaxation requires longer time for the charges to re-distribute.
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Temporal electronic structures of nonresonant Raman excited virtual states: a case study of Ethylene Thiourea
Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 2007Co-Authors: Chao FangAbstract:An algorithm is employed to elucidate molecular bond polarizabilitiesof Ethylene Thiourea including their temporal relaxation from Raman intensities, which provide much information concerning the electronic distribution of nonresonant Raman excited virtual states. The main character of the excited states of Ethylene Thiourea is that the excited electrons tend to flow to the molecular periphery because of electronic repulsion. It is noted that the bond electronic densities of the ground state can be mapped out by the bond polarizabilities at the final stage of relaxation. The relaxation time is shown to be proportional to the wavelength of the exciting light in agreement with Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, showing that the excitations are indeed not the stationary eigenstates. Copyright 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Van Wendel De Joode, Berna - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aerial Application of Mancozeb and Urinary Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) Concentrations among Pregnant Women in Costa Rica: The Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA).
'Environmental Health Perspectives', 2014Co-Authors: Van Wendel De Joode, Berna, Mora, Ana M, Córdoba Leonel, Cano, Juan C, Quesada Rosario, Faniband Moosa, Wesseling Catharina, Ruepert Clemens, Oberg Mattias, Eskenazi BrendaAbstract:Background: Mancozeb and its main metabolite Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) may alter thyroid function; thyroid hormones are essential for fetal brain development. In Costa Rica, mancozeb is aerially sprayed at large-scale banana plantations on a weekly basis. Objectives: (1) evaluate urinary ETU concentrations in pregnant women living nearby large-scale banana plantations; (2) compare their estimated daily intake (EDI) with established Reference Doses (RfDs); and (3) identify factors that predict their urinary ETU concentrations. Methods: We enrolled 451 pregnant women from Matina County, Costa Rica, with large-scale banana production. We visited 445 women up to three times during pregnancy to obtain urine samples (n = 872) and information on factors that possibly influence exposure. We determined urinary ETU concentrations using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS). Results: Pregnant women's median urinary ETU concentrations were more than five times higher than reported for other general populations. Seventy-two percent of the women had EDIs above the RfD. Women who lived closest (1st quartile, < 48 meters) to banana plantations on average had a 45% (95% CI: 23, 72%) higher urinary ETU compared with women who lived farthest away (4th quartile, ≥ 565 meter). Compared with the other women, ETU was also higher in women who washed agricultural work clothes on day before sampling (11%; 95% CI; 4.9, 17%), worked in agriculture during pregnancy (19%; 95% CI: 9.3, 29), and immigrant women (6.2%; 95% CI: 1.0, 13%). Conclusions: The pregnant women's urinary ETU concentrations are of concern, and the principal source of exposure is likely to be aerial spraying of mancozeb. The factors predicting ETU provide insight into possibilities for exposure reduction
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Aerial application of mancozeb and urinary Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) concentrations among pregnant women in Costa Rica: the Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA).
Research: Children´s health, 2014Co-Authors: Van Wendel De Joode, Berna, Córdoba Leonel, Quesada Rosario, Faniband Moosa, Wesseling Catharina, Ruepert Clemens, Mora, Ana María, Cano Camilo, Oberg Mathias, Eskenazi BrendaAbstract:Background: Mancozeb and its main metabolite Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) may alter thyroid function; thyroid hormones are essential for fetal brain development. In Costa Rica, mancozeb is aerially sprayed at large-scale banana plantations on a weekly basis. Objectives: Our goals were to evaluate urinary ETU concentrations in pregnant women living near large-scale banana plantations, compare their estimated daily intake (EDI) with established reference doses (RfDs), and identify factors that predict their urinary ETU concentrations. Methods: We enrolled 451 pregnant women from Matina County, Costa Rica, which has large-scale banana production. We visited 445 women up to three times during pregnancy to obtain urine samples (n = 872) and information on factors that possibly influence exposure. We determined urinary ETU concentrations using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Results: Pregnant women’s median urinary ETU concentrations were more than five times higher than those reported for other general populations. Seventy-two percent of the women had EDIs above the RfD. Women who lived closest (1st quartile, < 48 m) to banana plantations on average had a 45% (95% CI: 23, 72%) higher urinary ETU compared with women who lived farthest away (4th quartile, ≥ 565 m). Compared with the other women, ETU was also higher in women who washed agricultural work clothes on the day before sampling (11%; 95% CI: 4.9, 17%), women who worked in agriculture during pregnancy (19%; 95% CI: 9.3, 29%), and immigrant women (6.2%; 95% CI: 1.0, 13%). Conclusions: The pregnant women’s urinary ETU concentrations are of concern, and the principal source of exposure is likely to be aerial spraying of mancozeb. The factors predicting ETU provide insight into possibilities for exposure reduction.Antecedentes: El mancozeb y su principal metabolito, la tiourea de etileno (ETU), pueden alterar la tiroides Las hormonas tiroideas son esenciales para el desarrollo del cerebro del feto. En Costa Rica, el mancozeb es rociado aéreo en las grandes plantaciones de plátanos semanalmente. Objetivos: Nuestros objetivos eran evaluar las concentraciones de ETU en la orina de las mujeres embarazadas que viven cerca de plantaciones de banano en gran escala, comparen su ingesta diaria estimada (IDE) con la establecida dosis de referencia (RfD), e identificar los factores que predicen sus concentraciones de ETU en orina. Métodos: Inscribimos a 451 mujeres embarazadas del condado de Matina, Costa Rica, que ha producción de bananas a gran escala. Visitamos a 445 mujeres hasta tres veces durante el embarazo para obtener muestras de orina (n = 872) e información sobre los factores que posiblemente influyan en la exposición. Nosotros determinó las concentraciones urinarias de ETU usando la cromatografía líquida de espectrometría de masas. Resultados: Las concentraciones medias de ETU urinaria de las mujeres embarazadas fueron más de cinco veces más altas que las comunicadas para otras poblaciones generales. El setenta y dos por ciento de las mujeres tenían EDIs por encima del RfD. Las mujeres que vivían más cerca (1er cuartil, < 48 m) de las plantaciones de plátanos en promedio tenía un 45% (95% CI: 23, 72%) más de ETU urinaria en comparación con las mujeres que vivían más lejos. (4º cuartil, ≥ 565 m). En comparación con las otras mujeres, la ETU fue también más alta en las mujeres que lavó la ropa de trabajo agrícola el día antes de la toma de muestras (11%; 95% CI: 4,9, 17%), las mujeres que trabajaron en la agricultura durante el embarazo (19%; 95% CI: 9,3, 29%), y las mujeres inmigrantes (6,2%; 95% CI: 1,0, 13%). Conclusiones: Las concentraciones de ETU urinaria de las mujeres embarazadas son preocupantes, y el La principal fuente de exposición es probablemente la pulverización aérea de mancozeb. Los factores que predicen la ETU proporcionan una visión de las posibilidades de reducción de la exposición.Universidad Nacional, Costa RicaUniversity of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USALund University, Lund, SwedenKarolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenUniversité du Québec a Montréal, Montréal, Québec, CanadaInstituto Regional de Estudios en Sustancias Tóxicas, Universidad Nacional, Costa RicaCenter for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), School of Public Health, University of California at BerkeleyDivision of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund UniversityInstitute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, StockholmCentre de recherche interdisciplinaire sur la biologie la santé et l’environnement (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec a Montréa
Berna Van Wendel De Joode - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Aerial application of mancozeb and urinary Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) concentrations among pregnant women in Costa Rica: the Infants' Environmental Health Study (ISA).
Environmental health perspectives, 2014Co-Authors: Berna Van Wendel De Joode, Ana M. Mora, Leonel Córdoba, Juan Camilo Cano, Rosario Quesada, Moosa Faniband, Catharina Wesseling, Clemens Ruepert, Mattias Öberg, Brenda EskenaziAbstract:Background: Mancozeb and its main metabolite Ethylene Thiourea (ETU) may alter thyroid function; thyroid hormones are essential for fetal brain development. In Costa Rica, mancozeb is aerially sprayed at large-scale banana plantations on a weekly basis. Objectives: (1) evaluate urinary ETU concentrations in pregnant women living nearby large-scale banana plantations; (2) compare their estimated daily intake (EDI) with established Reference Doses (RfDs); and (3) identify factors that predict their urinary ETU concentrations. Methods: We enrolled 451 pregnant women from Matina County, Costa Rica, with large-scale banana production. We visited 445 women up to three times during pregnancy to obtain urine samples (n = 872) and information on factors that possibly influence exposure. We determined urinary ETU concentrations using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LCMS). Results: Pregnant women's median urinary ETU concentrations were more than five times higher than reported for other general populations. Seventy-two percent of the women had EDIs above the RfD. Women who lived closest (1st quartile, < 48 meters) to banana plantations on average had a 45% (95% CI: 23, 72%) higher urinary ETU compared with women who lived farthest away (4th quartile, ≥ 565 meter). Compared with the other women, ETU was also higher in women who washed agricultural work clothes on day before sampling (11%; 95% CI; 4.9, 17%), worked in agriculture during pregnancy (19%; 95% CI: 9.3, 29), and immigrant women (6.2%; 95% CI: 1.0, 13%). Conclusions: The pregnant women's urinary ETU concentrations are of concern, and the principal source of exposure is likely to be aerial spraying of mancozeb. The factors predicting ETU provide insight into possibilities for exposure reduction. (Less)