The Experts below are selected from a list of 268503 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tomasz Rokicki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Changes in Energy Consumption in Agriculture in the EU Countries
Energies, 2021Co-Authors: Tomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra Perkowska, Bogdan Klepacki, Piotr Bórawski, Aneta Bełdycka-bórawska, Konrad MichalskiAbstract:The paper’s main purpose was to identify and present the current situation and changes in energy consumption in agriculture in the EUropean Union (EU) Countries. The specific objectives were the determination of the degree of concentration of energy consumption in agriculture in the EU Countries, showing the directions of their changes, types of energy used, and changes in this respect, establishing the correlation between energy consumption and changes in the economic and agricultural situation in the EU Countries. All member states of the EUropean Union were deliberately selected for research on 31 December 2018 (28 Countries). The research period covered the years 2005–2018. The sources of materials were the literature on the subject, and data from EUrostat. Descriptive, tabular, and graphical methods were used to analyze and present materials, dynamics indicators with a stable base, Gini concentration coefficient, concentration analysis using the Lorenz curve, coefficient of variation, Kendall’s tau correlation coefficient, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. A high concentration of energy consumption in agriculture was found in several EU Countries, the largest in Countries with the largest agricultural sector, i.e., France and Poland. There were practically no changes in the concentration level. Only in the case of renewable energy, a gradual decrease in concentration was visible. More and more Countries developed technologies that allow the use of this type of energy. However, the EU Countries differed in terms of the structure of the energy sources used. The majority of the basis was liquid fuels, while stable and gaseous fuels were abandoned in favor of electricity and renewable sources—according to which, in the EU Countries, the research hypothesis was confirmed: a gradual diversification of energy sources used in agriculture, with a systematic increase in the importance of renewable energy sources. The second research hypothesis was also confirmed, according to which the increase in the consumption of renewable energy in agriculture is closely related to the economy’s parameters. The use of renewable energy is necessary and results from concern for the natural environment. Therefore, economic factors may have a smaller impact.
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Diversity and Changes in the Energy Balance in EU Countries
Energies, 2021Co-Authors: Tomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra PerkowskaAbstract:The main purpose of the paper was to present the energy balance in the EU Countries. The specific objectives were to show the concentration and directions of changes in the demand, production, import, and export of energy in the EU Countries, to determine the degree of variability (or stability) of these energy balance parameters, and to establish the correlation between the energy balance parameters and economic parameters. All members of the EUropean Union were determinedly selected for research on 31 December 2018 (28 Countries). The research period embraced the years 2004–2018. The sources of materials were the literature on the topic and data from EUrostat. Descriptive, tabular, and graphical methods, Gini coefficient, Lorenz curve, coefficient of variation, Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient, and constant-based dynamics indicators were used in the analysis and presentation of materials. It was determined that only the demand for energy and its import in EU Countries were nearly related to the economic situation. In turn, exports and production were medium and weakly correlated. In these parameters, economic factors had a smaller impact than other factors, such as political development or the level of energy development in the country. It was also found that the EU Countries’ energy imports were characterized by lower volatility than its exports. As a rule, the most significant stabilization in the given parameters occurred in Countries with a stable economy, the so-called developed economies, while the most significant volatility was in developing Countries. Energy security is of great importance in all EU Countries.
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Diversification of lamb meat imports in EU Countries and its trends
Econometrics, 2019Co-Authors: Luiza Ochnio, Tomasz Rokicki, Grzegorz Koszela, Bogdan KlepackiAbstract:The paper attempts to compare EUropean Union Countries in terms of the dynamics of changes in the value of lamb meat imports in the period 2003-2017. The standard against which this comparison was made was the average value, which should be understood as the growth dynamics of the examined feature for all EU Countries together. For this purpose, tools related to the so-called Grade Data Analysis, such as the index of the unlikeness of structures “ar” (in this case a good tool to determine the direction of changes and the speed of these changes for all EU Countries) and overrepresentation maps (used to visualise these changes and for their interpretation). Additionally, with the help of GDA methods, EU Countries were divided into groups characterised by smaller, medium and higher dynamics of changes in lamb imports. It can be concluded that the most dynamic growth in imports of this type of meat is found among the newest EU member states. This may indicate a change in dietary preferences in these Countries. It may also be related to greater accessibility to goods previously considered as luxury, greater awareness of so-called healthy foods and the improved standard of living of societies that have joined the EUropean Union.
Aleksandra Perkowska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Changes in Energy Consumption in Agriculture in the EU Countries
Energies, 2021Co-Authors: Tomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra Perkowska, Bogdan Klepacki, Piotr Bórawski, Aneta Bełdycka-bórawska, Konrad MichalskiAbstract:The paper’s main purpose was to identify and present the current situation and changes in energy consumption in agriculture in the EUropean Union (EU) Countries. The specific objectives were the determination of the degree of concentration of energy consumption in agriculture in the EU Countries, showing the directions of their changes, types of energy used, and changes in this respect, establishing the correlation between energy consumption and changes in the economic and agricultural situation in the EU Countries. All member states of the EUropean Union were deliberately selected for research on 31 December 2018 (28 Countries). The research period covered the years 2005–2018. The sources of materials were the literature on the subject, and data from EUrostat. Descriptive, tabular, and graphical methods were used to analyze and present materials, dynamics indicators with a stable base, Gini concentration coefficient, concentration analysis using the Lorenz curve, coefficient of variation, Kendall’s tau correlation coefficient, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. A high concentration of energy consumption in agriculture was found in several EU Countries, the largest in Countries with the largest agricultural sector, i.e., France and Poland. There were practically no changes in the concentration level. Only in the case of renewable energy, a gradual decrease in concentration was visible. More and more Countries developed technologies that allow the use of this type of energy. However, the EU Countries differed in terms of the structure of the energy sources used. The majority of the basis was liquid fuels, while stable and gaseous fuels were abandoned in favor of electricity and renewable sources—according to which, in the EU Countries, the research hypothesis was confirmed: a gradual diversification of energy sources used in agriculture, with a systematic increase in the importance of renewable energy sources. The second research hypothesis was also confirmed, according to which the increase in the consumption of renewable energy in agriculture is closely related to the economy’s parameters. The use of renewable energy is necessary and results from concern for the natural environment. Therefore, economic factors may have a smaller impact.
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Diversity and Changes in the Energy Balance in EU Countries
Energies, 2021Co-Authors: Tomasz Rokicki, Aleksandra PerkowskaAbstract:The main purpose of the paper was to present the energy balance in the EU Countries. The specific objectives were to show the concentration and directions of changes in the demand, production, import, and export of energy in the EU Countries, to determine the degree of variability (or stability) of these energy balance parameters, and to establish the correlation between the energy balance parameters and economic parameters. All members of the EUropean Union were determinedly selected for research on 31 December 2018 (28 Countries). The research period embraced the years 2004–2018. The sources of materials were the literature on the topic and data from EUrostat. Descriptive, tabular, and graphical methods, Gini coefficient, Lorenz curve, coefficient of variation, Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient, and constant-based dynamics indicators were used in the analysis and presentation of materials. It was determined that only the demand for energy and its import in EU Countries were nearly related to the economic situation. In turn, exports and production were medium and weakly correlated. In these parameters, economic factors had a smaller impact than other factors, such as political development or the level of energy development in the country. It was also found that the EU Countries’ energy imports were characterized by lower volatility than its exports. As a rule, the most significant stabilization in the given parameters occurred in Countries with a stable economy, the so-called developed economies, while the most significant volatility was in developing Countries. Energy security is of great importance in all EU Countries.
Matei Tamasila - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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CO_2 emissions, renewable energy, and environmental regulations in the EU Countries
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2019Co-Authors: Claudiu Tiberiu Albulescu, Alin Emanuel Artene, Caius Tudor Luminosu, Matei TamasilaAbstract:This paper analyzes the factors explaining the slight decrease of CO_2 emissions in the EUropean Union (EU), recorded during the last period. With a focus on 12 EU Countries, we apply a panel data analysis over the period 1990 to 2017 and we investigate the impact of renewable energy share in energy production, and the role of EU environmental regulations, in explaining the level of CO_2 emissions. Our static and dynamic panel data analysis points to a negative impact of an increased renewable energy share on CO_2 emissions, while there is no clear evidence about the role of environmental regulations. It appears that the 2020 climate and energy package contributed to the reduction of pollution level, while the ratification of the Kyoto protocol by the EU Countries had no significant influence. At the same time, our findings validate the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis and the pollution halo (PH) hypothesis, showing that foreign companies export eco-friendly technologies. Our results prove to be robust regarding the use of static fixed and random effects models, of two-stage least square models and the use of difference and system generalized method of moments (GMM) frameworks.
Kostas Andriosopoulos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Historical energy security performance in EU Countries
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018Co-Authors: Ken'ichi Matsumoto, Michalis Doumpos, Kostas AndriosopoulosAbstract:Abstract It is vitally important for all Countries to ensure they have a secure energy supply. This is especially true for EUropean Union (EU) Countries, because of geopolitical considerations and ongoing reforms of energy markets. This study applied time-series clustering approaches and three energy security indicators based on the Shannon–Wiener diversity index. The aim was to enhance understanding of how energy security of EU Countries, in terms of energy supply, has evolved. An overall improvement in energy security in most EU Countries between 1978 and 2014 was identified, with Denmark and the Czech Republic evidencing the greatest improvements. The main driver of improvement has been diversification of primary energy sources. Factors relating to imports (share and diversity of the origins of imports) have also substantially influenced improvement levels. Three groups of Countries were identified using cluster analysis: (1) consistently high levels of energy security and showed moderate improvements over time; (2) lower levels of energy security than those in the first group, and also evidenced moderate improvements; and (3) initially low energy security levels, yet followed by significant improvements. The first and third groups were of particular interest because the former reveals best practices while the policies of the latter, in leading to improvement, can serve as guides for other Countries.
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Historical Energy Security Analysis of EU Countries
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2016Co-Authors: Ken'ichi Matsumoto, Michalis Doumpos, Kostas AndriosopoulosAbstract:A secure energy supply is important for all Countries. This is especially true for EU Countries for geopolitical reasons and because of ongoing reforms in energy markets. This study aims to understand how the energy security of EU Countries has evolved by applying three energy security indicators with time-series clustering approaches. Overall, energy security improved between 1978 and 2014, with Denmark and the Czech Republic presenting the greatest improvements. The main driver of improvement is the diversification of primary energy. Factors relating to imports are also significant. Cluster analysis identified three country groups: those with high energy security and moderate improvements; those with lower energy security and moderate improvements; and those with initially low energy security followed by significant improvements. The first and third groups are of particular interest. The former defines best practices, whereas the policies of the latter leading to improvement can serve as a guide for others.
Katarzyna Frodyma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Determinants of renewable energy development in the EU Countries. A 20-year perspective
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018Co-Authors: Monika Papież, Sławomir Śmiech, Katarzyna FrodymaAbstract:Abstract The objective of the paper is to identify factors which determine energy policy in the EU Countries in the middle of 1990s. This objective is achieved in three stages. First, the changes in the distribution of RES in 26 EU Countries in the period between 1995 and 2014 are investigated. The analysis demonstrates that over the last 20 years the EU Countries diversify the RES they use, which results in substantial changes in their distribution. Second, the distribution of energy sources in 1995 is described, as it is assumed that the distribution might be a crucial factor influencing energy policy in each country. Third, several other factors related to energy security, environmental concerns, economy and politics are considered as potential determinants of renewable energy development. Two statistical methods of variable selection, namely, the best subset regression and the LARS method, reveal that the present (in 2014) share of RES in the energy mix significantly depends on the condition of the EU Countries in the middle of 1990s. The distribution of energy sources in 1995 is the crucial determinant of renewable energy development. Countries without their own fossil fuel sources are the ones which develop renewable energy to the greatest extent. Other important factors boosting RE development include: GDP per capita, concentration of energy supply (SWI), and the costs of consumption of energy obtained from fossil fuels in relation to GDP.
