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Philippe Berny - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Concentrations of organochlorine compounds (pesticides and PCBs), trace elements (Pb, Cd, Cu, and Hg), ^134Cs, and ^137Cs in the livers of the European Otter (Lutra lutra), great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), and European catfish (Silurus glanis),
European Journal of Wildlife Research, 2016Co-Authors: Hussein Alomar, Charles Lemarchand, René Rosoux, Philippe BernyAbstract:In this study, liver samples of the European Otter ( Lutra lutra ), great cormorant ( Phalacrocorax carbo ), and European catfish ( Silurus glanis ) from along the Loire River (France) were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), trace elements (lead, cadmium, copper, and mercury), ^134Cs, and ^137Cs. Organochlorine compounds were found in 100 % of the samples. Residue level of PCBs in these predators was the highest followed by DDTs and endosulfan, and maximal PCB values reached 1.61, 1.96, and 0.28 mg/kg wet weight for cormorants, Otters, and catfish, respectively. DDTs, endosulfan, and lindane were the abundant pesticides in the livers of these predators. Concentrations of copper, lead, and cadmium in the livers of top predators were generally low; a potentially toxic level of lead was found in only one cormorant (34.9 mg/kg dry weight). Mean mercury concentrations in cormorant, Otter, and catfish livers were 5.47, 4.68, and 2.71 mg/kg dry weight, respectively, and exceeded toxic thresholds for more than 40 % of the cormorants. Levels of organochlorine compounds and trace elements in these predators are generally below known toxic thresholds, but potential combined effects are not studied and warrant more investigations.
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concentrations of organochlorine compounds pesticides and pcbs trace elements pb cd cu and hg 134cs and 137cs in the livers of the European Otter lutra lutra great cormorant phalacrocorax carbo and European catfish silurus glanis collected from the l
European Journal of Wildlife Research, 2016Co-Authors: Hussein Alomar, Charles Lemarchand, René Rosoux, Philippe BernyAbstract:In this study, liver samples of the European Otter (Lutra lutra), great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), and European catfish (Silurus glanis) from along the Loire River (France) were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), trace elements (lead, cadmium, copper, and mercury), 134Cs, and 137Cs. Organochlorine compounds were found in 100 % of the samples. Residue level of PCBs in these predators was the highest followed by DDTs and endosulfan, and maximal PCB values reached 1.61, 1.96, and 0.28 mg/kg wet weight for cormorants, Otters, and catfish, respectively. DDTs, endosulfan, and lindane were the abundant pesticides in the livers of these predators. Concentrations of copper, lead, and cadmium in the livers of top predators were generally low; a potentially toxic level of lead was found in only one cormorant (34.9 mg/kg dry weight). Mean mercury concentrations in cormorant, Otter, and catfish livers were 5.47, 4.68, and 2.71 mg/kg dry weight, respectively, and exceeded toxic thresholds for more than 40 % of the cormorants. Levels of organochlorine compounds and trace elements in these predators are generally below known toxic thresholds, but potential combined effects are not studied and warrant more investigations.
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From Aquatic to Terrestrial Food Webs: Decrease of the Docosahexaenoic Acid/Linoleic Acid Ratio
Lipids, 2008Co-Authors: Apostolos-manuel Koussoroplis, Charles Lemarchand, Christian Amblard, Philippe Berny, Christian Desvilettes, Christine Fournier, Gilles BourdierAbstract:Fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue of six carnivorous mammalian species (European Otter Lutra lutra , American mink Mustela vison , European Mink Mustela lutreola , European polecat Mustela putorius , stone marten Martes foina and European wild cat Felis silvestris ) was studied. These species forage to differing degrees in aquatic and terrestrial food webs. Fatty acid analysis revealed significant differences in polyunsaturated fatty acid composition between species. More specifically, our results underline a gradual significant decrease in the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/linoleic acid (LNA) ratio of carnivore species as their dependence on aquatic food webs decreases. In conclusion, the use of the DHA/LNA ratio in long-term studies is proposed as a potential proxy of changes in foraging behaviour of semi-aquatic mammals.
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Organochlorine Compounds (pesticides and PCBs) in Scats of the European Otter (Lutra lutra) from an Actual Expanding Population in Central France
Water Air and Soil Pollution, 2007Co-Authors: Charles Lemarchand, Christian Amblard, Yves Souchon, Philippe BernyAbstract:Scats of the European Otter ( Lutra lutra ) were sampled along the Allier river (France) catchment for organochlorine toxic compounds (nine pesticides and 16 PCBs congeners) measurement. From early 2004 to June 2005, 90 sites of 40 rivers were twice investigated, and 71 scats samples collected, in four geographical areas being naturally re-colonized by the species since its legal protection. Detectable pesticides and PCBs were found in 100% of the samples. Mean values reached 2.72 and 13.58 mg kg^−1 (lipid weight) for pesticides and PCBs, respectively. Amounts were significantly different between the four areas investigated. A significant increase in medium and absolute values is noted by going downstream of the catchment. Potential medium- and long-term consequences on the observed population increase are discussed.
Charles Lemarchand - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Concentrations of organochlorine compounds (pesticides and PCBs), trace elements (Pb, Cd, Cu, and Hg), ^134Cs, and ^137Cs in the livers of the European Otter (Lutra lutra), great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), and European catfish (Silurus glanis),
European Journal of Wildlife Research, 2016Co-Authors: Hussein Alomar, Charles Lemarchand, René Rosoux, Philippe BernyAbstract:In this study, liver samples of the European Otter ( Lutra lutra ), great cormorant ( Phalacrocorax carbo ), and European catfish ( Silurus glanis ) from along the Loire River (France) were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), trace elements (lead, cadmium, copper, and mercury), ^134Cs, and ^137Cs. Organochlorine compounds were found in 100 % of the samples. Residue level of PCBs in these predators was the highest followed by DDTs and endosulfan, and maximal PCB values reached 1.61, 1.96, and 0.28 mg/kg wet weight for cormorants, Otters, and catfish, respectively. DDTs, endosulfan, and lindane were the abundant pesticides in the livers of these predators. Concentrations of copper, lead, and cadmium in the livers of top predators were generally low; a potentially toxic level of lead was found in only one cormorant (34.9 mg/kg dry weight). Mean mercury concentrations in cormorant, Otter, and catfish livers were 5.47, 4.68, and 2.71 mg/kg dry weight, respectively, and exceeded toxic thresholds for more than 40 % of the cormorants. Levels of organochlorine compounds and trace elements in these predators are generally below known toxic thresholds, but potential combined effects are not studied and warrant more investigations.
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concentrations of organochlorine compounds pesticides and pcbs trace elements pb cd cu and hg 134cs and 137cs in the livers of the European Otter lutra lutra great cormorant phalacrocorax carbo and European catfish silurus glanis collected from the l
European Journal of Wildlife Research, 2016Co-Authors: Hussein Alomar, Charles Lemarchand, René Rosoux, Philippe BernyAbstract:In this study, liver samples of the European Otter (Lutra lutra), great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), and European catfish (Silurus glanis) from along the Loire River (France) were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), trace elements (lead, cadmium, copper, and mercury), 134Cs, and 137Cs. Organochlorine compounds were found in 100 % of the samples. Residue level of PCBs in these predators was the highest followed by DDTs and endosulfan, and maximal PCB values reached 1.61, 1.96, and 0.28 mg/kg wet weight for cormorants, Otters, and catfish, respectively. DDTs, endosulfan, and lindane were the abundant pesticides in the livers of these predators. Concentrations of copper, lead, and cadmium in the livers of top predators were generally low; a potentially toxic level of lead was found in only one cormorant (34.9 mg/kg dry weight). Mean mercury concentrations in cormorant, Otter, and catfish livers were 5.47, 4.68, and 2.71 mg/kg dry weight, respectively, and exceeded toxic thresholds for more than 40 % of the cormorants. Levels of organochlorine compounds and trace elements in these predators are generally below known toxic thresholds, but potential combined effects are not studied and warrant more investigations.
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From Aquatic to Terrestrial Food Webs: Decrease of the Docosahexaenoic Acid/Linoleic Acid Ratio
Lipids, 2008Co-Authors: Apostolos-manuel Koussoroplis, Charles Lemarchand, Christian Amblard, Philippe Berny, Christian Desvilettes, Christine Fournier, Gilles BourdierAbstract:Fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue of six carnivorous mammalian species (European Otter Lutra lutra , American mink Mustela vison , European Mink Mustela lutreola , European polecat Mustela putorius , stone marten Martes foina and European wild cat Felis silvestris ) was studied. These species forage to differing degrees in aquatic and terrestrial food webs. Fatty acid analysis revealed significant differences in polyunsaturated fatty acid composition between species. More specifically, our results underline a gradual significant decrease in the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)/linoleic acid (LNA) ratio of carnivore species as their dependence on aquatic food webs decreases. In conclusion, the use of the DHA/LNA ratio in long-term studies is proposed as a potential proxy of changes in foraging behaviour of semi-aquatic mammals.
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Organochlorine Compounds (pesticides and PCBs) in Scats of the European Otter (Lutra lutra) from an Actual Expanding Population in Central France
Water Air and Soil Pollution, 2007Co-Authors: Charles Lemarchand, Christian Amblard, Yves Souchon, Philippe BernyAbstract:Scats of the European Otter ( Lutra lutra ) were sampled along the Allier river (France) catchment for organochlorine toxic compounds (nine pesticides and 16 PCBs congeners) measurement. From early 2004 to June 2005, 90 sites of 40 rivers were twice investigated, and 71 scats samples collected, in four geographical areas being naturally re-colonized by the species since its legal protection. Detectable pesticides and PCBs were found in 100% of the samples. Mean values reached 2.72 and 13.58 mg kg^−1 (lipid weight) for pesticides and PCBs, respectively. Amounts were significantly different between the four areas investigated. A significant increase in medium and absolute values is noted by going downstream of the catchment. Potential medium- and long-term consequences on the observed population increase are discussed.
Michael William Bruford - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mitochondrial genetic diversity and structure of the European Otter lutra lutra in britain
Conservation Genetics, 2009Co-Authors: David W G Stanton, G I Hobbs, Elizabeth Anna Chadwick, Frederick Maurice Slater, Michael William BrufordAbstract:The European Otter (Lutra lutra) is a focus for conservation efforts throughout Europe due to a population decline in recent decades and because of its importance as a biological indicator of the health of rivers and waterways. The aim of this study was to aid the conservation of this species by adding genetic information from samples originating in the United Kingdom (UK), to help build up a picture of the phylogeographic structure of the European Otter throughout Europe. This was done by a comparison of 299 base pairs of the mitochondrial DNA control region. Four haplotypes were identified in the UK, one of which has not been found outside the west of the UK in the wild, and one of which was unique. Populations in the UK, and in particular the west were shown to have a higher haplotype diversity than previously found for the European Otter in Europe (h = 0.7338 for the 58 UK Otters sampled in this study) and an overall nucleotide diversity of π = 0.003. The western UK population was shown to have a high level of genetic distinctiveness. We discuss possible contributory population processes, the importance of the western UK population for the future conservation of the species and comment on future conservation strategies.
Yves Souchon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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integrated modelling of functional and structural connectivity of river corridors for European Otter recovery
Ecological Modelling, 2014Co-Authors: K Van Looy, Jeremy Piffady, Cyril Cavillon, T Tormos, Philippe Landry, Yves SouchonAbstract:Abstract Connectivity may be structural , based on adjacency of landscape features, or functional , based on how that adjacency translates to movement of organisms. We present a modelling approach that elucidates both aspects of connectivity to identify vital corridors and conservation priorities in a river network. For the dendritic network structure of river systems, at first a graph theoretic structure is developed to model the river network at the segment scale. To derive functional connectivity, a Bayesian hierarchical modelling of species dispersal is applied to infer the influence of riparian corridor characteristics to the species colonization. The integration of the functional and structural component is realized with a graph-theoretic connectivity measure. With this approach, the European Otter colonization of the Loire river basin over 25 years is modelled on the basis of large datasets on riparian corridor land use and hydromorphological characteristics of a 17,000 km river network. Channel straightening and riparian forest fragmentation are determined to be key elements to the functional connectivity. Road infrastructure is distinguished as a critical habitat factor, but not so much an obstacle for the species movement in the riparian corridor. Integration of the Bayesian model posterior colonization probability in the integrated connectivity analysis reveals the importance of the river network density to the Otter colonization and locates conservation priorities mainly in the lower parts of the river basin. Synthesis and applications Both functional and structural connectivity are essential elements in the contexts of ecological network identification for species conservation and recovery. We successfully developed an integrated modelling of both components of connectivity that highlighted the importance of the downstream basin for a well-connected ecological network for the Otter.
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A scale-sensitive connectivity analysis to identify ecological networks and conservation value in river networks
Landscape Ecology, 2013Co-Authors: Kris Looy, Jeremy Piffady, Cyril Cavillon, Philippe Landry, Thierry Tormos, Yves SouchonAbstract:Existing methods for connectivity analysis still encounter difficulties in explaining functional relationships between network structure and ecological patterns over larger territories or complex structures like dendritic river networks. We propose a method that addresses the problem of scale and resolution in the connectivity analysis of dendritic network structures, illustrated here for the re-colonization of the French Loire river basin by the European Otter. The ecological niche factor approach is applied to infer favourable habitat in the river network based on large scale data of land use and hydro-morphology of river segments for the entire river basin. These analyses identified the stressors to the riparian zone of channel straightening, urbanisation and forest fragmentation as the principal factors explaining Otter occurrence. Using this estimate of habitat favourability, we used the Integral Index of Connectivity to quantify habitat availability and connectivity in the dendritic river network. When we calculate the integral index of connectivity over different spatial extents by constraining network distances, the scale-sensitivity of the network’s connectivity emerges. Accounting for high mobility by entering larger network distances in the analysis identifies conservation networks and priorities mainly in downstream parts of the river basin, whereas with smaller network distances, more restricted high quality areas in central and upstream parts are highlighted. The presented approach performed better than distribution modelling approaches in explaining species occurrence over the river network and confirms the crucial aspect of connectivity in Otter re-colonization.
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Are generalist and specialist species influenced differently by anthropogenic stressors and physical environment of riparian corridors
Riparian Ecology and Conservation, 2013Co-Authors: Kris Looy, Jeremy Piffady, Cyril Cavillon, T Tormos, Philippe Landry, Yves SouchonAbstract:The well-documented re-colonisation of the French large river basins of Loire and Rhone by European Otter and beaver allowed the analysis of explanatory factors and threats to species movement in the river corridor. To what extent anthropogenic disturbance of the riparian zone influences the corridor functioning is a central question in the understanding of ecological networks and the definition of restoration goals for river networks. The generalist or specialist nature of target species might be determining for the responses to habitat quality and barriers in the riparian corridor. Detailed datasets of land use, human stressors and hydro-morphological characteristics of river segments for the entire river basins allowed identifying the habitat requirements of the two species for the riparian zone. The identified critical factors were entered in a network analysis based on the ecological niche factor approach. Significant responses to riparian corridor quality for forest cover, alterations of channel straightening and urbanisation and infrastructure in the riparian zone are observed for both species, so they may well serve as indicators for corridor functioning. The hypothesis for generalists being less sensitive to human disturbance was withdrawn, since the Otter as generalist species responded strongest to hydro-morphological alterations and human presence in general. The beaver responded the strongest to the physical environment as expected for this specialist species. The difference in responses for generalist and specialist species is clearly present and the two species have a strong complementary indicator value. The interpretation of the network analysis outcomes stresses the need for an estimation of ecological requirements of more species in the evaluation of riparian corridor functioning and in conservation planning.
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Organochlorine Compounds (pesticides and PCBs) in Scats of the European Otter (Lutra lutra) from an Actual Expanding Population in Central France
Water Air and Soil Pollution, 2007Co-Authors: Charles Lemarchand, Christian Amblard, Yves Souchon, Philippe BernyAbstract:Scats of the European Otter ( Lutra lutra ) were sampled along the Allier river (France) catchment for organochlorine toxic compounds (nine pesticides and 16 PCBs congeners) measurement. From early 2004 to June 2005, 90 sites of 40 rivers were twice investigated, and 71 scats samples collected, in four geographical areas being naturally re-colonized by the species since its legal protection. Detectable pesticides and PCBs were found in 100% of the samples. Mean values reached 2.72 and 13.58 mg kg^−1 (lipid weight) for pesticides and PCBs, respectively. Amounts were significantly different between the four areas investigated. A significant increase in medium and absolute values is noted by going downstream of the catchment. Potential medium- and long-term consequences on the observed population increase are discussed.
Hussein Alomar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Concentrations of organochlorine compounds (pesticides and PCBs), trace elements (Pb, Cd, Cu, and Hg), ^134Cs, and ^137Cs in the livers of the European Otter (Lutra lutra), great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), and European catfish (Silurus glanis),
European Journal of Wildlife Research, 2016Co-Authors: Hussein Alomar, Charles Lemarchand, René Rosoux, Philippe BernyAbstract:In this study, liver samples of the European Otter ( Lutra lutra ), great cormorant ( Phalacrocorax carbo ), and European catfish ( Silurus glanis ) from along the Loire River (France) were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), trace elements (lead, cadmium, copper, and mercury), ^134Cs, and ^137Cs. Organochlorine compounds were found in 100 % of the samples. Residue level of PCBs in these predators was the highest followed by DDTs and endosulfan, and maximal PCB values reached 1.61, 1.96, and 0.28 mg/kg wet weight for cormorants, Otters, and catfish, respectively. DDTs, endosulfan, and lindane were the abundant pesticides in the livers of these predators. Concentrations of copper, lead, and cadmium in the livers of top predators were generally low; a potentially toxic level of lead was found in only one cormorant (34.9 mg/kg dry weight). Mean mercury concentrations in cormorant, Otter, and catfish livers were 5.47, 4.68, and 2.71 mg/kg dry weight, respectively, and exceeded toxic thresholds for more than 40 % of the cormorants. Levels of organochlorine compounds and trace elements in these predators are generally below known toxic thresholds, but potential combined effects are not studied and warrant more investigations.
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concentrations of organochlorine compounds pesticides and pcbs trace elements pb cd cu and hg 134cs and 137cs in the livers of the European Otter lutra lutra great cormorant phalacrocorax carbo and European catfish silurus glanis collected from the l
European Journal of Wildlife Research, 2016Co-Authors: Hussein Alomar, Charles Lemarchand, René Rosoux, Philippe BernyAbstract:In this study, liver samples of the European Otter (Lutra lutra), great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), and European catfish (Silurus glanis) from along the Loire River (France) were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), trace elements (lead, cadmium, copper, and mercury), 134Cs, and 137Cs. Organochlorine compounds were found in 100 % of the samples. Residue level of PCBs in these predators was the highest followed by DDTs and endosulfan, and maximal PCB values reached 1.61, 1.96, and 0.28 mg/kg wet weight for cormorants, Otters, and catfish, respectively. DDTs, endosulfan, and lindane were the abundant pesticides in the livers of these predators. Concentrations of copper, lead, and cadmium in the livers of top predators were generally low; a potentially toxic level of lead was found in only one cormorant (34.9 mg/kg dry weight). Mean mercury concentrations in cormorant, Otter, and catfish livers were 5.47, 4.68, and 2.71 mg/kg dry weight, respectively, and exceeded toxic thresholds for more than 40 % of the cormorants. Levels of organochlorine compounds and trace elements in these predators are generally below known toxic thresholds, but potential combined effects are not studied and warrant more investigations.
