The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Marcy J Souza - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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zoonoses public health and the Exotic Animal practitioner
Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice, 2011Co-Authors: Marcy J SouzaAbstract:During my residency in Avian and Zoological Medicine at the University of Tennessee, people often asked me why I was pursuing a Masters degree in Public Health. I usually had two possible responses: 1) I like to torture myself and am going to have no life for the 3 years of my residency, so I may as well get as much out of it as possible; or the slightly longer version: 2) Do you realize that approximately three-fourths of today’s emerging human pathogens come from Animals? And, of these zoonoses, a large portion comes from Exotic pets and wildlife! I would then proceed to run down the list of recent zoonotic epidemics and their associated Animal reservoirs until they walked away or stopped paying attention. Today, I commonly have veterinary students who are aspiring Exotic/zoo/wildlife veterinarians come to me for advice. Some of the common questions are, “How can I get a residency?” or “How do I get your job?” There are usually two recommendations I make. First, I tell students that getting research experience during veterinary school is a great idea, regardless of what species they work on. Second, I recommend they pursue an MPH. I often have to give them explanation number 2 above so they understand the relevance to their professional goals. Despite progress in human and veterinary medicine, pathogens are constantly evolving and staying one step in front of us. As the people of this world become more globally mobile and have closer, more frequent interactions with Animals, the likelihood of future zoonotic epidemics seems inevitable. Additionally, changes in climate may alter the range of Animal reservoirs or vectors, therefore changing the geographic distribution of current zoonoses. However, there are steps that can be taken to reduce the risk of contracting a zoonotic disease. These steps include not only quarantine and disinfection, but more importantly, education. All health care professionals, whether their patients are humans or Animals, need to be engaged in education and prevention of zoonoses. This issue of Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice has authors who are at the forefront of practicing, researching, and teaching Exotic Animal
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one health zoonoses in the Exotic Animal practice
Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice, 2011Co-Authors: Marcy J SouzaAbstract:Zoonoses make up approximately ¾ of today’s emerging infectious diseases; many of these zoonoses come from Exotic pets and wildlife. Recent outbreaks in humans associated with nondomestic Animals include Sudden Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Ebola virus, salmonellosis, and monkeypox. Expanding human populations, increased Exotic pet ownership and changes in climate may contribute to increased incidence of zoonoses. Education and preventive medicine practices can be applied by veterinarians and other health professionals to reduce the risk of contracting a zoonotic disease. The health of humans, Animals, and the environment must be treated as a whole to prevent the transmission of zoonoses.
Donald P Moynihan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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learning under uncertainty networks in crisis management
Public Administration Review, 2008Co-Authors: Donald P MoynihanAbstract:This paper examines the nature of learning in networks dealing with conditions of high uncertainty. I apply Koppenjan and Klijn's (2004) framework for understanding network uncertainty to an extreme example: an inter-organizational crisis taskforce dealing with an Exotic Animal disease. The paper identifies the basic difficulties involved in learning under crisis conditions. The taskforce had to learn most of the elements taken for granted in more mature structural forms - the nature of the structural framework in which it was working, how to adapt that framework, the role and actions appropriate for each individual, and how to deal with unanticipated problems. The network pursued this learning in a variety of ways. Most critically, the taskforce used standard operating procedures to provide a form of network memory, and a command and control structure to reduce institutional and strategic uncertainty.
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learning under uncertainty networks in crisis management
Public Administration Review, 2008Co-Authors: Donald P MoynihanAbstract:This article examines learning in networks dealing with conditions of high uncertainty. The author examines the case of a crisis response network dealing with an Exotic Animal disease outbreak. The article identifies the basic difficulties of learning under crisis conditions. The network had to learn most of the elements taken for granted in more mature structural forms—the nature of the structural framework in which it was working, how to adapt that framework, the role and actions appropriate for each individual, and how to deal with unanticipated problems. The network pursued this learning in a variety of ways, including virtual learning, learning forums, learning from the past, using information systems and learning from other network members. Most critically, the network used standard operating procedures to provide a form of network memory and a command and control structure to reduce the institutional and strategic uncertainty inherent in networks.
E. Bardi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Trattamento chirurgico di una lacerazione cutanea in un esemplare di Gonyosoma prasinum (colubro verde della boscaglia) con ausilio di TLRP (Trombocyte- Leucocyte Rich Plasma)
SCIVAC, 2020Co-Authors: A. Vetere, E. BardiAbstract:Un giovane esemplare maschio di Gonyosoma prasinum di un anno (green bush rat snake) è stato portato in visita a causa di una grave lesione cutanea (“degloving” o sguantamento). Tale lesione interessava cute e sottocute, esponendo parte dei muscoli del tronco, la vena giugulare di destra e l’esofago. Dopo aver stabilizzato il paziente, è stato effettuato un delicato curettage della ferita. Prima di suturare la lesione, la ferita è stata irrigata con Thrombocyte-Leukocyte Rich Plasma (TLRP) eterologo, per favorirne la guarigione. Trenta giorni dopo il trattamento con TLRP il paziente ha effettuato l’ecdisi, rivelando una completa riparazione tissutale. Non è stata rilevata una significativa riduzione dei tempi di cicatrizzazione rispetto a quanto riportato in letteratura, ma il trattamento con TLRP può aver contribuito ad evitare complicazioni comuni come infezioni o la deiscenza della sutura chirurgica. I derivati piastrinici come il TLRP sono ampiamente utilizzati in medicina veterinaria per promuovere la rigenerazione tissutale. Nella medicina degli Animali esotici la letteratura è ancora carente, ma si stanno rivelando strumenti sicuri e promettenti. La loro applicazione nella traumatologia dei rettili merita quindi di essere approfondita.A one-year-old green bush rat snake (Gonyosoma prasinum) was presented for a severe degloving lesion in the cervical region, exposing the underlying subcutaneous and muscular tissue, along with the esophagus and right jugular vein. After patient stabilization, surgical debridement was performed. Before closure, the wound was irrigated with heterologous Thrombocyte-Leukocyte Rich Plasma (TLRP) in order to adjuvate healing. Thirty days after treatment the patient shed its skin, revealing complete re-epitalization underneath. No significant reduction in healing time was noted, but TLRP may have contributed to avoid common complications such as suture dehiscence and wound site infection. Platelet-rich products are widely used to promote wound healing in human and veterinary medicine; literature is still lacking, but they are revealing themselves as safe and promising tools in Exotic Animal regenerative medicine as well, and their application in reptile traumatology should be further investigated
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Trattamento chirurgico di una lacerazione cutanea in un esemplare di Gonyosoma prasinum (colubro verde della boscaglia) con ausilio di TLRP (Trombocyte- Leucocyte Rich Plasma)
SCIVAC, 2020Co-Authors: A. Vetere, E. BardiAbstract:Un giovane esemplare maschio di Gonyosoma prasinum di un anno (green bush rat snake) \ue8 stato portato in visita a causa di una grave lesione cutanea (\u201cdegloving\u201d o sguantamento). Tale lesione interessava cute e sottocute, esponendo parte dei muscoli del tronco, la vena giugulare di destra e l\u2019esofago. Dopo aver stabilizzato il paziente, \ue8 stato effettuato un delicato curettage della ferita. Prima di suturare la lesione, la ferita \ue8 stata irrigata con Thrombocyte-Leukocyte Rich Plasma (TLRP) eterologo, per favorirne la guarigione. Trenta giorni dopo il trattamento con TLRP il paziente ha effettuato l\u2019ecdisi, rivelando una completa riparazione tissutale. Non \ue8 stata rilevata una significativa riduzione dei tempi di cicatrizzazione rispetto a quanto riportato in letteratura, ma il trattamento con TLRP pu\uf2 aver contribuito ad evitare complicazioni comuni come infezioni o la deiscenza della sutura chirurgica. I derivati piastrinici come il TLRP sono ampiamente utilizzati in medicina veterinaria per promuovere la rigenerazione tissutale. Nella medicina degli Animali esotici la letteratura \ue8 ancora carente, ma si stanno rivelando strumenti sicuri e promettenti. La loro applicazione nella traumatologia dei rettili merita quindi di essere approfondita.A one-year-old green bush rat snake (Gonyosoma prasinum) was presented for a severe degloving lesion in the cervical region, exposing the underlying subcutaneous and muscular tissue, along with the esophagus and right jugular vein. After patient stabilization, surgical debridement was performed. Before closure, the wound was irrigated with heterologous Thrombocyte-Leukocyte Rich Plasma (TLRP) in order to adjuvate healing. Thirty days after treatment the patient shed its skin, revealing complete re-epitalization underneath. No significant reduction in healing time was noted, but TLRP may have contributed to avoid common complications such as suture dehiscence and wound site infection. Platelet-rich products are widely used to promote wound healing in human and veterinary medicine; literature is still lacking, but they are revealing themselves as safe and promising tools in Exotic Animal regenerative medicine as well, and their application in reptile traumatology should be further investigated
Andreas Nitsche - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cowpox virus outbreak in banded mongooses mungos mungo and jaguarundis herpailurus yagouaroundi with a time delayed infection to humans
PLOS ONE, 2009Co-Authors: Andreas Kurth, Martin Straube, Annette Kuczka, Anton Josef Dunsche, Hermann Meyer, Andreas NitscheAbstract:Background Often described as an extremely rare zoonosis, cowpox virus (CPXV) infections are on the increase in Germany. CPXV is rodent-borne with a broad host range and contains the largest and most complete genome of all poxviruses, including parts with high homology to variola virus (smallpox). So far, most CPXV cases have occurred individually in unvaccinated Animals and humans and were caused by genetically distinguishable virus strains. Methodology/Principal Findings Generalized CPXV infections in banded mongooses (Mungos mungo) and jaguarundis (Herpailurus yagouaroundi) at a Zoological Garden were observed with a prevalence of the affected Animal group of 100% and a mortality of 30%. A subsequent serological investigation of other Exotic Animal species provided evidence of subclinical cases before the onset of the outbreak. Moreover, a time-delayed human cowpox virus infection caused by the identical virus strain occurred in a different geographical area indicating that handling/feeding food rats might be the common source of infection. Conclusions/Significance Reports on the increased zoonotic transmission of orthopoxviruses have renewed interest in understanding interactions between these viruses and their hosts. The list of Animals known to be susceptible to CPXV is still growing. Thus, the likely existence of unknown CPXV hosts and their distribution may present a risk for other Exotic Animals but also for the general public, as was shown in this outbreak. Animal breeders and suppliers of food rats represent potential multipliers and distributors of CPXV, in the context of increasingly pan-European trading. Taking the cessation of vaccination against smallpox into account, this situation contributes to the increased incidence of CPXV infections in man, particularly in younger age groups, with more complicated courses of clinical infections.
Wondwossen A Gebreyes - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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phenotypic and genotypic characterization of salmonella enterica in captive wildlife and Exotic Animal species in ohio usa
Zoonoses and Public Health, 2015Co-Authors: L F P Farias, C J B Oliveira, Julius J Medardus, Bayleyegn Z Molla, B A Wolfe, Wondwossen A GebreyesAbstract:Summary The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence, antimicrobial resistance patterns, phenotypic and genotypic relatedness of Salmonella enterica recovered from captive wildlife host species and in the environment in Ohio, USA. A total of 319 samples including faecal (n = 225), feed (n = 38) and environmental (n = 56) were collected from 32 different wild and Exotic Animal species in captivity and their environment in Ohio. Salmonellae were isolated using conventional culture methods and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility with the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Salmonella isolates were serotyped, and genotyping was performed using the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Salmonella was detected in 56 of 225 (24.9%) faecal samples; six of 56 (10.7%) environmental samples and six of 38 (15.8%) feed samples. Salmonella was more commonly isolated in faecal samples from giraffes (78.2%; 36/46), cranes (75%; 3/4) and raccoons (75%; 3/4). Salmonella enterica serotypes of known public health significance including S. Typhimurium (64.3%), S. Newport (32.1%) and S. Heidelberg (5.3%) were identified. While the majority of the Salmonella isolates were pan-susceptible (88.2%; 60 of 68), multidrug-resistant strains including penta-resistant type, AmStTeKmGm (8.8%; six of 68) were detected. Genotypic diversity was found among S. Typhimurium isolates. The identification of clonally related Salmonella isolates from environment and faeces suggests that indirect transmission of Salmonella among hosts via environmental contamination is an important concern to workers, visitors and other wildlife. Results of this study show the diversity of Salmonella serovars and public health implications of human exposure from wildlife reservoirs.