The Experts below are selected from a list of 3147 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Shinji Miwa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antimetastatic efficacy of the combination of caffeine and valproic acid on an orthotopic human osteosarcoma cell line model in nude mice
Anticancer Research, 2017Co-Authors: Shinji Miwa, Hiroaki Kimura, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Kentaro Igarashi, Kei Kawaguchi, Tasuku Kiyuna, Takashi Murakami, Norio Yamamoto, Hiroyuki TsuchiyaAbstract:AIM We have previously reported that caffeine can enhance chemotherapy efficacy of bone and soft tissue sarcoma via cell-cycle perturbation. Valproic acid has histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory activity. We have also reported the anti-tumor efficacy of combination treatment with caffeine and valproic acid against osteosarcoma primary tumors in a cell-line orthotopic mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we performed combination treatment of caffeine and valproic acid on osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro and in spontaneous and Experimental Lung Metastasis mouse models of osteosarcoma. Survival of 143B-RFP human osteosarcoma cells after exposure to caffeine and valproic acid for 72 hours was determined using the WST-8 assay. IC50 values and combination indices were calculated. Mouse models of primary osteosarcoma and spontaneous Lung Metastasis were obtained by orthotopic intra-tibial injection of 143B-RFP cells. Valproic acid, caffeine, and combination of both drugs were administered from day 7, five times a week, for four weeks. Six weeks after orthotopic injection, Lung samples were excised and observed with a fluorescence imaging system. A mouse model of Experimental Lung Metastasis was obtained by tail vein injection of 143B-RFP cells. The mice were treated with these agents from day 0, five times a week for four weeks. RESULTS Both caffeine and valproic acid caused concentration-dependent cell kill in vitro. Synergistic efficacy of the combination treatment was observed. In the spontaneous Lung-Metastasis model, the number of Lung Metastasis was 9.0±2.6 in the untreated group (G1); 10.8±2.9 in the caffeine group (G2); 10.0±3.1 in the valproic-acid group (G3); and 3.0±1.1 in the combination group (G4); (p=6.78E-5 control vs. combination; p=0.006 valproic acid vs. combination; p=0.003 caffeine vs. combination). In the Experimental Lung-Metastasis model, the combination group significantly reduced Lung metastases and improved overall survival (p=0.0005). CONCLUSION Efficacy of the combination of caffeine and valproic acid was observed in vitro and in spontaneous and Experimental Lung-Metastasis mouse models of osteosarcoma.
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inhibition of soft tissue sarcoma Lung Metastasis by tumor targeting salmonella typhimurium a1 r
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2015Co-Authors: Shinji Miwa, Yong Zhang, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Michael Bouvet, Robert M Hoffman, Ming ZhaoAbstract:e13515 Background: Prognosis of patients with Lung metastases of soft-tissue sarcoma is still poor, therefore, more effective therapeutics are needed. Methods: In the present study, tumor-targeting therapy with a genetically-modified auxotrophic strain of Salmonella typhimurium, termed A1-R, was evaluated on mouse models of primary soft tissue sarcoma where spontaneous Lung Metastasis occurred after orthotopic intra-muscular injection of HT1080-RFP human fibrosarcoma cells. S. typhimurium A1-R was administered from day 14, once a week for two weeks. On day 28, Lung samples were excised and observed with a fluorescence imaging system. A mouse model of Experimental Lung Metastasis was obtained by tail vein injection of HT1080-RFP cells. The mice were treated with S. typhimurium A1-R (i.v.) on day 7, once a week for three weeks. Results: The number of spontaneous Lung Metastasis was 8.8 ± 3.4 in the untreated group and 0.8 ± 0.8 in the S. typhimurium A1-R treated group (P = 0.024). S. typhimurium A1-R also s...
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Inhibition of spontaneous and Experimental Lung Metastasis of soft-tissue sarcoma by tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R
Oncotarget, 2014Co-Authors: Shinji Miwa, Yong Zhang, Kyung-eun Baek, Fuminari Uehara, Shuya Yano, Mako Yamamoto, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Yasunori Matsumoto, Hiroaki Kimura, Katsuhiro HayashiAbstract:Prognosis of patients with Lung metastases of soft-tissue sarcoma is still poor. Therefore, novel systemic therapy is needed to improve the survival of soft-tissue sarcoma. In the present study, tumor-targeting therapy with a genetically-modified auxotrophic strain of Salmonella typhimurium, termed A1-R, was evaluated. Mouse models of primary soft tissue sarcoma and spontaneous Lung Metastasis were obtained by orthotopic intra-muscular injection of HT1080-RFP human fibrosarcoma cells. S. typhimurium A1-R was administered from day 14, once a week for two weeks. On day 28, Lung samples were excised and observed with a fluorescence imaging system. The number of Lung Metastasis was 8.8 ± 3.4 in the untreated group and 0.8 ± 0.8 in the treated group (P = 0.024). A mouse model of Experimental Lung Metastasis was obtained by tail vein injection of HT1080-RFP cells. The mice were treated with S. typhimurium A1-R (i.v.) on day 7, once a week for three weeks. S. typhimurium A1-R significantly reduced Lung metastases and improved overall survival (P = 0.004). S. typhimurium A1-R bacterial therapy has future potential for treating advanced soft tissue sarcoma and improving prognosis of patients with Lung Metastasis.
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inhibition of spontaneous and Experimental Lung Metastasis of soft tissue sarcoma by tumor targeting salmonella typhimurium a1 r
Oncotarget, 2014Co-Authors: Shinji Miwa, Yong Zhang, Kyung-eun Baek, Fuminari Uehara, Shuya Yano, Mako Yamamoto, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Yasunori Matsumoto, Hiroaki Kimura, Katsuhiro HayashiAbstract:// Shinji Miwa 1, 2, 3 , Yong Zhang 1, 2 , Kyung-Eun Baek 1 , Fuminari Uehara 1, 2 , Shuya Yano 1, 2 , Mako Yamamoto 1, 2 , Yukihiko Hiroshima 1, 2 , Yasunori Matsumoto 1, 2 , Hiroaki Kimura 3 , Katsuhiro Hayashi 3 , Norio Yamamoto 3 , Michael Bouvet 2 , Hiroyuki Tsuchiya 3 , Robert M. Hoffman 1, 2 , Ming Zhao 1 1 AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, California, USA 2 Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA 3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan Correspondence to: Robert M. Hoffman or Ming Zhao, e-mail: all@anticancer.com Keywords: HT-1080; orthotopic model; nude mice; Lung Metastasis; bacterial therapy Received: August 22, 2014 Accepted: October 01, 2014 Published: December 30, 2014 ABSTRACT Prognosis of patients with Lung metastases of soft-tissue sarcoma is still poor. Therefore, novel systemic therapy is needed to improve the survival of soft-tissue sarcoma. In the present study, tumor-targeting therapy with a genetically-modified auxotrophic strain of Salmonella typhimurium , termed A1-R, was evaluated. Mouse models of primary soft tissue sarcoma and spontaneous Lung Metastasis were obtained by orthotopic intra-muscular injection of HT1080-RFP human fibrosarcoma cells. S. typhimurium A1-R was administered from day 14, once a week for two weeks. On day 28, Lung samples were excised and observed with a fluorescence imaging system. The number of Lung Metastasis was 8.8 ± 3.4 in the untreated group and 0.8 ± 0.8 in the treated group ( P = 0.024). A mouse model of Experimental Lung Metastasis was obtained by tail vein injection of HT1080-RFP cells. The mice were treated with S. typhimurium A1-R (i.v.) on day 7, once a week for three weeks. S. typhimurium A1-R significantly reduced Lung metastases and improved overall survival ( P = 0.004). S. typhimurium A1-R bacterial therapy has future potential for treating advanced soft tissue sarcoma and improving prognosis of patients with Lung Metastasis.
Katsuhiro Hayashi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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antimetastatic efficacy of the combination of caffeine and valproic acid on an orthotopic human osteosarcoma cell line model in nude mice
Anticancer Research, 2017Co-Authors: Shinji Miwa, Hiroaki Kimura, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Kentaro Igarashi, Kei Kawaguchi, Tasuku Kiyuna, Takashi Murakami, Norio Yamamoto, Hiroyuki TsuchiyaAbstract:AIM We have previously reported that caffeine can enhance chemotherapy efficacy of bone and soft tissue sarcoma via cell-cycle perturbation. Valproic acid has histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory activity. We have also reported the anti-tumor efficacy of combination treatment with caffeine and valproic acid against osteosarcoma primary tumors in a cell-line orthotopic mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we performed combination treatment of caffeine and valproic acid on osteosarcoma cell lines in vitro and in spontaneous and Experimental Lung Metastasis mouse models of osteosarcoma. Survival of 143B-RFP human osteosarcoma cells after exposure to caffeine and valproic acid for 72 hours was determined using the WST-8 assay. IC50 values and combination indices were calculated. Mouse models of primary osteosarcoma and spontaneous Lung Metastasis were obtained by orthotopic intra-tibial injection of 143B-RFP cells. Valproic acid, caffeine, and combination of both drugs were administered from day 7, five times a week, for four weeks. Six weeks after orthotopic injection, Lung samples were excised and observed with a fluorescence imaging system. A mouse model of Experimental Lung Metastasis was obtained by tail vein injection of 143B-RFP cells. The mice were treated with these agents from day 0, five times a week for four weeks. RESULTS Both caffeine and valproic acid caused concentration-dependent cell kill in vitro. Synergistic efficacy of the combination treatment was observed. In the spontaneous Lung-Metastasis model, the number of Lung Metastasis was 9.0±2.6 in the untreated group (G1); 10.8±2.9 in the caffeine group (G2); 10.0±3.1 in the valproic-acid group (G3); and 3.0±1.1 in the combination group (G4); (p=6.78E-5 control vs. combination; p=0.006 valproic acid vs. combination; p=0.003 caffeine vs. combination). In the Experimental Lung-Metastasis model, the combination group significantly reduced Lung metastases and improved overall survival (p=0.0005). CONCLUSION Efficacy of the combination of caffeine and valproic acid was observed in vitro and in spontaneous and Experimental Lung-Metastasis mouse models of osteosarcoma.
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Inhibition of spontaneous and Experimental Lung Metastasis of soft-tissue sarcoma by tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R
Oncotarget, 2014Co-Authors: Shinji Miwa, Yong Zhang, Kyung-eun Baek, Fuminari Uehara, Shuya Yano, Mako Yamamoto, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Yasunori Matsumoto, Hiroaki Kimura, Katsuhiro HayashiAbstract:Prognosis of patients with Lung metastases of soft-tissue sarcoma is still poor. Therefore, novel systemic therapy is needed to improve the survival of soft-tissue sarcoma. In the present study, tumor-targeting therapy with a genetically-modified auxotrophic strain of Salmonella typhimurium, termed A1-R, was evaluated. Mouse models of primary soft tissue sarcoma and spontaneous Lung Metastasis were obtained by orthotopic intra-muscular injection of HT1080-RFP human fibrosarcoma cells. S. typhimurium A1-R was administered from day 14, once a week for two weeks. On day 28, Lung samples were excised and observed with a fluorescence imaging system. The number of Lung Metastasis was 8.8 ± 3.4 in the untreated group and 0.8 ± 0.8 in the treated group (P = 0.024). A mouse model of Experimental Lung Metastasis was obtained by tail vein injection of HT1080-RFP cells. The mice were treated with S. typhimurium A1-R (i.v.) on day 7, once a week for three weeks. S. typhimurium A1-R significantly reduced Lung metastases and improved overall survival (P = 0.004). S. typhimurium A1-R bacterial therapy has future potential for treating advanced soft tissue sarcoma and improving prognosis of patients with Lung Metastasis.
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inhibition of spontaneous and Experimental Lung Metastasis of soft tissue sarcoma by tumor targeting salmonella typhimurium a1 r
Oncotarget, 2014Co-Authors: Shinji Miwa, Yong Zhang, Kyung-eun Baek, Fuminari Uehara, Shuya Yano, Mako Yamamoto, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Yasunori Matsumoto, Hiroaki Kimura, Katsuhiro HayashiAbstract:// Shinji Miwa 1, 2, 3 , Yong Zhang 1, 2 , Kyung-Eun Baek 1 , Fuminari Uehara 1, 2 , Shuya Yano 1, 2 , Mako Yamamoto 1, 2 , Yukihiko Hiroshima 1, 2 , Yasunori Matsumoto 1, 2 , Hiroaki Kimura 3 , Katsuhiro Hayashi 3 , Norio Yamamoto 3 , Michael Bouvet 2 , Hiroyuki Tsuchiya 3 , Robert M. Hoffman 1, 2 , Ming Zhao 1 1 AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, California, USA 2 Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA 3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan Correspondence to: Robert M. Hoffman or Ming Zhao, e-mail: all@anticancer.com Keywords: HT-1080; orthotopic model; nude mice; Lung Metastasis; bacterial therapy Received: August 22, 2014 Accepted: October 01, 2014 Published: December 30, 2014 ABSTRACT Prognosis of patients with Lung metastases of soft-tissue sarcoma is still poor. Therefore, novel systemic therapy is needed to improve the survival of soft-tissue sarcoma. In the present study, tumor-targeting therapy with a genetically-modified auxotrophic strain of Salmonella typhimurium , termed A1-R, was evaluated. Mouse models of primary soft tissue sarcoma and spontaneous Lung Metastasis were obtained by orthotopic intra-muscular injection of HT1080-RFP human fibrosarcoma cells. S. typhimurium A1-R was administered from day 14, once a week for two weeks. On day 28, Lung samples were excised and observed with a fluorescence imaging system. The number of Lung Metastasis was 8.8 ± 3.4 in the untreated group and 0.8 ± 0.8 in the treated group ( P = 0.024). A mouse model of Experimental Lung Metastasis was obtained by tail vein injection of HT1080-RFP cells. The mice were treated with S. typhimurium A1-R (i.v.) on day 7, once a week for three weeks. S. typhimurium A1-R significantly reduced Lung metastases and improved overall survival ( P = 0.004). S. typhimurium A1-R bacterial therapy has future potential for treating advanced soft tissue sarcoma and improving prognosis of patients with Lung Metastasis.
Yong Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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inhibition of soft tissue sarcoma Lung Metastasis by tumor targeting salmonella typhimurium a1 r
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2015Co-Authors: Shinji Miwa, Yong Zhang, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Michael Bouvet, Robert M Hoffman, Ming ZhaoAbstract:e13515 Background: Prognosis of patients with Lung metastases of soft-tissue sarcoma is still poor, therefore, more effective therapeutics are needed. Methods: In the present study, tumor-targeting therapy with a genetically-modified auxotrophic strain of Salmonella typhimurium, termed A1-R, was evaluated on mouse models of primary soft tissue sarcoma where spontaneous Lung Metastasis occurred after orthotopic intra-muscular injection of HT1080-RFP human fibrosarcoma cells. S. typhimurium A1-R was administered from day 14, once a week for two weeks. On day 28, Lung samples were excised and observed with a fluorescence imaging system. A mouse model of Experimental Lung Metastasis was obtained by tail vein injection of HT1080-RFP cells. The mice were treated with S. typhimurium A1-R (i.v.) on day 7, once a week for three weeks. Results: The number of spontaneous Lung Metastasis was 8.8 ± 3.4 in the untreated group and 0.8 ± 0.8 in the S. typhimurium A1-R treated group (P = 0.024). S. typhimurium A1-R also s...
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Inhibition of spontaneous and Experimental Lung Metastasis of soft-tissue sarcoma by tumor-targeting Salmonella typhimurium A1-R
Oncotarget, 2014Co-Authors: Shinji Miwa, Yong Zhang, Kyung-eun Baek, Fuminari Uehara, Shuya Yano, Mako Yamamoto, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Yasunori Matsumoto, Hiroaki Kimura, Katsuhiro HayashiAbstract:Prognosis of patients with Lung metastases of soft-tissue sarcoma is still poor. Therefore, novel systemic therapy is needed to improve the survival of soft-tissue sarcoma. In the present study, tumor-targeting therapy with a genetically-modified auxotrophic strain of Salmonella typhimurium, termed A1-R, was evaluated. Mouse models of primary soft tissue sarcoma and spontaneous Lung Metastasis were obtained by orthotopic intra-muscular injection of HT1080-RFP human fibrosarcoma cells. S. typhimurium A1-R was administered from day 14, once a week for two weeks. On day 28, Lung samples were excised and observed with a fluorescence imaging system. The number of Lung Metastasis was 8.8 ± 3.4 in the untreated group and 0.8 ± 0.8 in the treated group (P = 0.024). A mouse model of Experimental Lung Metastasis was obtained by tail vein injection of HT1080-RFP cells. The mice were treated with S. typhimurium A1-R (i.v.) on day 7, once a week for three weeks. S. typhimurium A1-R significantly reduced Lung metastases and improved overall survival (P = 0.004). S. typhimurium A1-R bacterial therapy has future potential for treating advanced soft tissue sarcoma and improving prognosis of patients with Lung Metastasis.
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inhibition of spontaneous and Experimental Lung Metastasis of soft tissue sarcoma by tumor targeting salmonella typhimurium a1 r
Oncotarget, 2014Co-Authors: Shinji Miwa, Yong Zhang, Kyung-eun Baek, Fuminari Uehara, Shuya Yano, Mako Yamamoto, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Yasunori Matsumoto, Hiroaki Kimura, Katsuhiro HayashiAbstract:// Shinji Miwa 1, 2, 3 , Yong Zhang 1, 2 , Kyung-Eun Baek 1 , Fuminari Uehara 1, 2 , Shuya Yano 1, 2 , Mako Yamamoto 1, 2 , Yukihiko Hiroshima 1, 2 , Yasunori Matsumoto 1, 2 , Hiroaki Kimura 3 , Katsuhiro Hayashi 3 , Norio Yamamoto 3 , Michael Bouvet 2 , Hiroyuki Tsuchiya 3 , Robert M. Hoffman 1, 2 , Ming Zhao 1 1 AntiCancer, Inc., San Diego, California, USA 2 Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA 3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan Correspondence to: Robert M. Hoffman or Ming Zhao, e-mail: all@anticancer.com Keywords: HT-1080; orthotopic model; nude mice; Lung Metastasis; bacterial therapy Received: August 22, 2014 Accepted: October 01, 2014 Published: December 30, 2014 ABSTRACT Prognosis of patients with Lung metastases of soft-tissue sarcoma is still poor. Therefore, novel systemic therapy is needed to improve the survival of soft-tissue sarcoma. In the present study, tumor-targeting therapy with a genetically-modified auxotrophic strain of Salmonella typhimurium , termed A1-R, was evaluated. Mouse models of primary soft tissue sarcoma and spontaneous Lung Metastasis were obtained by orthotopic intra-muscular injection of HT1080-RFP human fibrosarcoma cells. S. typhimurium A1-R was administered from day 14, once a week for two weeks. On day 28, Lung samples were excised and observed with a fluorescence imaging system. The number of Lung Metastasis was 8.8 ± 3.4 in the untreated group and 0.8 ± 0.8 in the treated group ( P = 0.024). A mouse model of Experimental Lung Metastasis was obtained by tail vein injection of HT1080-RFP cells. The mice were treated with S. typhimurium A1-R (i.v.) on day 7, once a week for three weeks. S. typhimurium A1-R significantly reduced Lung metastases and improved overall survival ( P = 0.004). S. typhimurium A1-R bacterial therapy has future potential for treating advanced soft tissue sarcoma and improving prognosis of patients with Lung Metastasis.
Leaf Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Nanoparticles Modified With Tumor-targeting scFv Deliver siRNA and miRNA for Cancer Therapy
Molecular Therapy, 2010Co-Authors: Yunching Chen, Xiaodong Zhu, Xiaoju Zhang, Bin Liu, Leaf HuangAbstract:Targeted delivery of RNA-based therapeutics for cancer therapy remains a challenge. We have developed a LPH (liposome-polycation-hyaluronic acid) nanoparticle formulation modified with tumor-targeting single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) for systemic delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) into Experimental Lung Metastasis of murine B16F10 melanoma. The siRNAs delivered by the scFv targeted nanoparticles efficiently downregulated the target genes (c-Myc/MDM2/VEGF) in the Lung Metastasis. Two daily intravenous injections of the combined siRNAs in the GC4-targeted nanoparticles significantly reduced the tumor load in the Lung. miRNA-34a (miR-34a) induced apoptosis, inhibited survivin expression, and downregulated MAPK pathway in B16F10 cells. miR-34a delivered by the GC4-targeted nanoparticles significantly downregulated the survivin expression in the metastatic tumor and reduced tumor load in the Lung. When miR-34a and siRNAs were co-formulated in GC4-targeted nanoparticles, an enhanced anticancer effect was observed.
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Nanoparticles Modified With Tumor-targeting scFv Deliver siRNA and miRNA for Cancer Therapy
Molecular Therapy, 2010Co-Authors: Yunching Chen, Xiaodong Zhu, Xiaoju Zhang, Bin Liu, Leaf HuangAbstract:Targeted delivery of RNA-based therapeutics for cancer therapy remains a challenge. We have developed a LPH (liposome-polycation-hyaluronic acid) nanoparticle formulation modified with tumor-targeting single-chain antibody fragment (scFv) for systemic delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) into Experimental Lung Metastasis of murine B16F10 melanoma. The siRNAs delivered by the scFv targeted nanoparticles efficiently downregulated the target genes (c-Myc/MDM2/VEGF) in the Lung Metastasis. Two daily intravenous injections of the combined siRNAs in the GC4-targeted nanoparticles significantly reduced the tumor load in the Lung. miRNA-34a (miR-34a) induced apoptosis, inhibited survivin expression, and downregulated MAPK pathway in B16F10 cells. miR-34a delivered by the GC4-targeted nanoparticles significantly downregulated the survivin expression in the metastatic tumor and reduced tumor load in the Lung. When miR-34a and siRNAs were co-formulated in GC4-targeted nanoparticles, an enhanced anticancer effect was observed.
Ming Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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inhibition of soft tissue sarcoma Lung Metastasis by tumor targeting salmonella typhimurium a1 r
Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2015Co-Authors: Shinji Miwa, Yong Zhang, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Michael Bouvet, Robert M Hoffman, Ming ZhaoAbstract:e13515 Background: Prognosis of patients with Lung metastases of soft-tissue sarcoma is still poor, therefore, more effective therapeutics are needed. Methods: In the present study, tumor-targeting therapy with a genetically-modified auxotrophic strain of Salmonella typhimurium, termed A1-R, was evaluated on mouse models of primary soft tissue sarcoma where spontaneous Lung Metastasis occurred after orthotopic intra-muscular injection of HT1080-RFP human fibrosarcoma cells. S. typhimurium A1-R was administered from day 14, once a week for two weeks. On day 28, Lung samples were excised and observed with a fluorescence imaging system. A mouse model of Experimental Lung Metastasis was obtained by tail vein injection of HT1080-RFP cells. The mice were treated with S. typhimurium A1-R (i.v.) on day 7, once a week for three weeks. Results: The number of spontaneous Lung Metastasis was 8.8 ± 3.4 in the untreated group and 0.8 ± 0.8 in the S. typhimurium A1-R treated group (P = 0.024). S. typhimurium A1-R also s...
