The Experts below are selected from a list of 10608 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Li Dai-we - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Design and Implementation of Explosive Devices Exclude Virtual Simulation Training System
Computer Science, 2013Co-Authors: Li Dai-weAbstract:To solve the problems of complication and reproduction of making training Devices and huge cost of human and material resources in the Explosive Devices exclude training process,the paper designed an Explosive Devices exclude virtual simulation training system.The divisions of system hierarchical structure and the hardware architecture were designed based on the virtual reality technology,and the modular design of the system was based on object-oriented thinking.The paper designed the Explosive Devices exclude tool module according to the design pattern of simple factory and template method.It solves the collision detection between the device nodes with Open Dynamic Engine(ODE),virtual hand grab objects with the Open Scene Graph(OSG)intersects testing and matrix transformations and the judgment of device excluding correctness key technology.And it implements the Explosive Devices exclude virtual simulation training system under the VC++development environment.Practice proves that the system has high degree of simulation,reaches the effect of the Explosive device exclude simulation training.And it is easy to operate with a strong scalability.
Monuko Du Plessis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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investigating nanoporous silicon Explosive Devices
Physica Status Solidi (c), 2009Co-Authors: Monuko Du PlessisAbstract:The Explosive properties of nanoporous silicon, impregnated with an oxidant, were researched. A structural model was used to extract the pore and crystallite dimensions from gravimetric measurements, as well as the specific surface area, porosity and statistical distribution of crystallite diameters. The properties of three different oxidants were investigated. It was found that there is an optimum pore size for the most energetic explosion. It was also demonstrated that the nano-explosion could be initiated within 100 μs using NaClO4 as oxidant and a thin film aluminium fuse as heating element. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
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nanoporous silicon Explosive Devices
Materials Science and Engineering B-advanced Functional Solid-state Materials, 2008Co-Authors: Monuko Du PlessisAbstract:Abstract The Explosive properties of porous silicon, impregnated with an oxidant, were researched. A structural model was used to extract the pore and crystallite dimensions from gravimetric measurements, as well as the specific surface area and porosity. The properties of three different oxidants were investigated. It was found that there is an optimum pore size for the most energetic explosion. It was also demonstrated that the nano-explosion could be initiated within 100 μs using NaClO4 as oxidant and a thin film aluminium fuse as heating element.
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properties of porous silicon nano Explosive Devices
Sensors and Actuators A-physical, 2007Co-Authors: Monuko Du PlessisAbstract:The Explosive properties of porous-silicon, impregnated with an oxidant, were researched. A custom porous layer structural model is used to model the pore and crystallite dimensions as a result of the electrochemical etching of porous silicon layers. A gravimetric experimental technique is used whereby the pore dimensions and specific surface area of porous regions are determined. The properties of different oxidants were investigated. The filling of the pores by the oxidant is a strong function of pore size and the type of oxidant used. The experimentally observed nano-Explosive figure of merit (FOM) is a function of the effective surface area in the porous region covered by the oxidant. It was found that there is an optimum pore size for the most energetic explosion. Future applications for this new technology are proposed.
Jan O Jansen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lower limb injuries caused by improvised Explosive Devices proposed bastion classification and prospective validation
Injury-international Journal of The Care of The Injured, 2014Co-Authors: N Jacobs, K Rourke, J Rutherford, A Hicks, S R C Smith, P Templeton, S A Adams, Jan O JansenAbstract:BACKGROUND: Complex lower limb injury caused by improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) has become the signature wounding pattern of the conflict in Afghanistan. Current classifications neither describe this injury pattern well, nor correlate with management. There is need for a new classification, to aid communication between clinicians, and help evaluate interventions and outcomes. We propose such a classification, and present the results of an initial prospective evaluation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The classification was developed by a panel of military surgeons whilst deployed to Camp Bastion, Afghanistan. Injuries were divided into five classes, by anatomic level. Segmental injuries were recognised as a distinct entity. Associated injuries to the intraperitoneal abdomen, genitalia and perineum, pelvic ring, and upper limbs, which impact on clinical management and resources, were also accounted for. RESULTS: Between 1 November 2010 and 20 February 2011, 179 IED-related lower limb injuries in 103 consecutive casualties were classified, and their subsequent vascular and musculoskeletal treatment recorded. 69% of the injuries were traumatic amputations, and the remainder segmental injuries. 49% of casualties suffered bilateral lower limb amputation. The most common injury was class 3 (involving proximal lower leg or thigh, permitting effective above-knee tourniquet application, 49%), but more proximal patterns (class 4 or 5, preventing effective tourniquet application) accounted for 18% of injuries. Eleven casualties had associated intraperitoneal abdominal injuries, 41 suffered genital or perineal injuries, 9 had pelvic ring fractures, and 66 had upper limb injuries. The classification was easy to apply and correlated with management. CONCLUSIONS: The 'Bastion classification' is a pragmatic yet clinically relevant injury categorisation, which describes current injury patterns well, and should facilitate communication between clinicians, and the evaluation of interventions and outcomes. The validation cohort confirms that the injury burden from IEDs in the Helmand Province of Afghanistan remains high, with most casualties sustaining amputation through or above the knee. The rates of associated injury to the abdomen, perineum, pelvis and upper limbs are high. These findings have important implications for the training of military surgeons, staffing and resourcing of medical treatment facilities, to ensure an adequate skill mix to manage these complex and challenging injuries. Language: en
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associated injuries in casualties with traumatic lower extremity amputations caused by improvised Explosive Devices
British Journal of Surgery, 2012Co-Authors: Jonathan J Morrison, N Hunt, Mark J Midwinter, Jan O JansenAbstract:BACKGROUND: Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) pose a significant threat to military personnel, often resulting in lower extremity amputation and pelvic injury. Immediate management is haemorrhage control and debridement, which can involve lengthy surgery. Computed tomography is necessary to delineate the extent of the injury, but it is unclear whether to perform this during or after surgery. METHODS: The UK Joint Theatre Trauma Registry was searched to identify all UK service personnel who had a traumatic lower extremity amputation following IED injury between January 2007 and December 2010. Data were collected on injury pattern and survival. RESULTS: There were 169 patients who sustained 278 traumatic lower extremity amputations: 69 were killed in action, 16 died from their wounds and 84 were wounded in action, but survived. The median (interquartile range) Injury Severity Score was 75 (21) for those killed in action, 46 (23) for those who died from wounds and 29 (12) for survivors. There were significantly more severe head, chest and abdominal injuries (defined as a body region Abbreviated Injury Scale score of 3 or more) in patients who were killed in action than in those reaching hospital (P Language: en
Xu Zhen-xiang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Investigation on the Performance Variation of Electric Explosive Devices (EEDs) Experienced RF Injection with Transient Pulse Test
Initiators & Pyrotechnics, 2007Co-Authors: Xu Zhen-xiangAbstract:The principle of transient pulse test has been proposed and the performance variation of electric Explosive Devices(EEDs) experienced radio frequency(RF) injection has been investigated.It has been observed that,when the employed RF power is larger,the temperature rise of the EEDs is higher and the function time of the EEDs is longer.The experimental results have showed that transient pulse test can reflect the performance change of EEDs experienced RF injection.
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Application of Transient Pulse Testing to Sensitivity Classification of Electro-Explosive Devices
Journal of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2005Co-Authors: Xu Zhen-xiangAbstract:The transient pulse testing is employed to evaluate the sensitivity performance of electro-Explosive Devices (EEDs) . The temperature rises of bridgewire are calculated according to the thermal responce curve of EEDs . The EEDs are classified into several groups according to the temperature rise. The up and down method is used to estimate the 50% firing currents of the EEDs that are sampled from the groups having different ranges of temperature rise. The experimental result shows that the 50% firing current of the group with higher temperature rises is lower, and t -analysis presents there is notable difference between 50% firing currents of the two groups. The firing test also shows the firing amount of EEDs having higher temperature rises is more than that having lower temperature rises when the current of firing test is the same. The results show that the higher the temperature rise is, the more sensitive the EED is,and it is feasible to use transient pulse testing for sensitivity classification of electro-Explosive Devices.
Ernesto Salzano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the potentiality of improvised Explosive Devices to trigger domino effects
2018Co-Authors: Ernesto Salzano, Valerio CozzaniAbstract:The effect of improvised Explosive Devices (IED) when used in direct attacks towards individuals may be dramatic. Besides, large uncertainties and few tools are available for the analysis of IED when maliciously used against critical infrastructures or industrial equipment containing large amount of hazardous substances, such as gas pipelines, storage tanks or other equipment, aiming at domino effects. Indeed, the shock waves produced by even large amount of IED cannot be directly analysed by the net equivalent charge of TNT calculated on pure substance or mixtures, because the efficiency of home-made Explosives is extremely variable and depends on many often uncontrolled factors, including deterioration. This work analyses the potentiality of low-energetic Explosives in causing accident escalation sequences and severe effects on industrial assets.
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vulnerability of industrial facilities to attacks with improvised Explosive Devices aimed at triggering domino scenarios
Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 2015Co-Authors: Gabriele Landucci, Valerio Cozzani, Genserik Reniers, Ernesto SalzanoAbstract:Process- and chemical plants may constitute a critical target for a terrorist attack. In the present study, the analysis of industrial accidents induced by intentional acts of interference is carried out focusing on accident chains triggered by attacks with home-made (improvised) Explosives. The effects of blast waves caused by improvised Explosive Devices are compared with those expected from a net equivalent charge of TNT by using a specific methodology for the assessment of stand-off distances. It is demonstrated that a home-made Explosive device has a TNT efficiency comprised between 0.2 and 0.5. The model was applied to a case study, demonstrating the potentiality of improvised Explosives in causing accident escalation sequences and severe effects on population and assets. The analysis of the case-study also allowed obtaining suggestions for an adequate security management.
