Exposure Characterization

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S. W. Case - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • composite life under sustained compression and one sided simulated fire Exposure Characterization and prediction
    Composites Part A-applied Science and Manufacturing, 2006
    Co-Authors: John V. Bausano, John J. Lesko, S. W. Case
    Abstract:

    Abstract The structural response of continuous fiber, polymer matrix composites to fire Exposure is presently of interest to the construction and marine industries. This paper addresses experimentally measured lifetime of E-glass vinyl ester composite laminates subjected to combined centric compression and one-sided simulated fire Exposure. Under such conditions, these laminates (having a nearly quasi-isotropic stacking sequence) support a 10 MPa compressive stress under low heat fluxes (20–30 kW/m2) for approximately 102 s. Thermally modified micromechanics and laminate mechanics are successfully used to describe the observed life times when limited to thermal reversible effects. In these cases, the glass transition temperature controls the life the composite.

  • Composite life under sustained compression and one sided simulated fire Exposure: Characterization and prediction
    Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2006
    Co-Authors: John V. Bausano, John J. Lesko, S. W. Case
    Abstract:

    The structural response of continuous fiber, polymer matrix composites to fire Exposure is presently of interest to the construction and marine industries. This paper addresses experimentally measured lifetime of E-glass vinyl ester composite laminates subjected to combined centric compression and one-sided simulated fire Exposure. Under such conditions, these laminates (having a nearly quasi-isotropic stacking sequence) support a 10 MPa compressive stress under low heat fluxes (20-30 kW/m2) for approximately 102 s. Thermally modified micromechanics and laminate mechanics are successfully used to describe the observed life times when limited to thermal reversible effects. In these cases, the glass transition temperature controls the life the composite. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

John V. Bausano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • composite life under sustained compression and one sided simulated fire Exposure Characterization and prediction
    Composites Part A-applied Science and Manufacturing, 2006
    Co-Authors: John V. Bausano, John J. Lesko, S. W. Case
    Abstract:

    Abstract The structural response of continuous fiber, polymer matrix composites to fire Exposure is presently of interest to the construction and marine industries. This paper addresses experimentally measured lifetime of E-glass vinyl ester composite laminates subjected to combined centric compression and one-sided simulated fire Exposure. Under such conditions, these laminates (having a nearly quasi-isotropic stacking sequence) support a 10 MPa compressive stress under low heat fluxes (20–30 kW/m2) for approximately 102 s. Thermally modified micromechanics and laminate mechanics are successfully used to describe the observed life times when limited to thermal reversible effects. In these cases, the glass transition temperature controls the life the composite.

  • Composite life under sustained compression and one sided simulated fire Exposure: Characterization and prediction
    Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2006
    Co-Authors: John V. Bausano, John J. Lesko, S. W. Case
    Abstract:

    The structural response of continuous fiber, polymer matrix composites to fire Exposure is presently of interest to the construction and marine industries. This paper addresses experimentally measured lifetime of E-glass vinyl ester composite laminates subjected to combined centric compression and one-sided simulated fire Exposure. Under such conditions, these laminates (having a nearly quasi-isotropic stacking sequence) support a 10 MPa compressive stress under low heat fluxes (20-30 kW/m2) for approximately 102 s. Thermally modified micromechanics and laminate mechanics are successfully used to describe the observed life times when limited to thermal reversible effects. In these cases, the glass transition temperature controls the life the composite. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

John J. Lesko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • composite life under sustained compression and one sided simulated fire Exposure Characterization and prediction
    Composites Part A-applied Science and Manufacturing, 2006
    Co-Authors: John V. Bausano, John J. Lesko, S. W. Case
    Abstract:

    Abstract The structural response of continuous fiber, polymer matrix composites to fire Exposure is presently of interest to the construction and marine industries. This paper addresses experimentally measured lifetime of E-glass vinyl ester composite laminates subjected to combined centric compression and one-sided simulated fire Exposure. Under such conditions, these laminates (having a nearly quasi-isotropic stacking sequence) support a 10 MPa compressive stress under low heat fluxes (20–30 kW/m2) for approximately 102 s. Thermally modified micromechanics and laminate mechanics are successfully used to describe the observed life times when limited to thermal reversible effects. In these cases, the glass transition temperature controls the life the composite.

  • Composite life under sustained compression and one sided simulated fire Exposure: Characterization and prediction
    Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2006
    Co-Authors: John V. Bausano, John J. Lesko, S. W. Case
    Abstract:

    The structural response of continuous fiber, polymer matrix composites to fire Exposure is presently of interest to the construction and marine industries. This paper addresses experimentally measured lifetime of E-glass vinyl ester composite laminates subjected to combined centric compression and one-sided simulated fire Exposure. Under such conditions, these laminates (having a nearly quasi-isotropic stacking sequence) support a 10 MPa compressive stress under low heat fluxes (20-30 kW/m2) for approximately 102 s. Thermally modified micromechanics and laminate mechanics are successfully used to describe the observed life times when limited to thermal reversible effects. In these cases, the glass transition temperature controls the life the composite. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

V. Castranova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Taking stock of the occupational safety and health challenges of nanotechnology: 2000–2015
    Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: P. A. Schulte, G. Roth, L. L. Hodson, V. Murashov, M. D. Hoover, R. Zumwalde, E. D. Kuempel, C. L. Geraci, A. B. Stefaniak, V. Castranova
    Abstract:

    Engineered nanomaterials significantly entered commerce at the beginning of the 21st century. Concerns about serious potential health effects of nanomaterials were widespread. Now, approximately 15 years later, it is worthwhile to take stock of research and efforts to protect nanomaterial workers from potential risks of adverse health effects. This article provides and examines timelines for major functional areas (toxicology, metrology, Exposure assessment, engineering controls and personal protective equipment, risk assessment, risk management, medical surveillance, and epidemiology) to identify significant contributions to worker safety and health. The occupational safety and health field has responded effectively to identify gaps in knowledge and practice, but further research is warranted and is described. There is now a greater, if imperfect, understanding of the mechanisms underlying nanoparticle toxicology, hazards to workers, and appropriate controls for nanomaterials, but unified analytical standards and Exposure Characterization methods are still lacking. The development of control-banding and similar strategies has compensated for incomplete data on Exposure and risk, but it is unknown how widely such approaches are being adopted. Although the importance of epidemiologic studies and medical surveillance is recognized, implementation has been slowed by logistical issues. Responsible development of nanotechnology requires protection of workers at all stages of the technological life cycle. In each of the functional areas assessed, progress has been made, but more is required.

  • taking stock of the occupational safety and health challenges of nanotechnology 2000 2015
    Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Paul A. Schulte, G. Roth, L. L. Hodson, V. Murashov, M. D. Hoover, R. Zumwalde, E. D. Kuempel, C. L. Geraci, A. B. Stefaniak, V. Castranova
    Abstract:

    Engineered nanomaterials significantly entered commerce at the beginning of the 21st century. Concerns about serious potential health effects of nanomaterials were widespread. Now, approximately 15 years later, it is worthwhile to take stock of research and efforts to protect nanomaterial workers from potential risks of adverse health effects. This article provides and examines timelines for major functional areas (toxicology, metrology, Exposure assessment, engineering controls and personal protective equipment, risk assessment, risk management, medical surveillance, and epidemiology) to identify significant contributions to worker safety and health. The occupational safety and health field has responded effectively to identify gaps in knowledge and practice, but further research is warranted and is described. There is now a greater, if imperfect, understanding of the mechanisms underlying nanoparticle toxicology, hazards to workers, and appropriate controls for nanomaterials, but unified analytical standards and Exposure Characterization methods are still lacking. The development of control-banding and similar strategies has compensated for incomplete data on Exposure and risk, but it is unknown how widely such approaches are being adopted. Although the importance of epidemiologic studies and medical surveillance is recognized, implementation has been slowed by logistical issues. Responsible development of nanotechnology requires protection of workers at all stages of the technological life cycle. In each of the functional areas assessed, progress has been made, but more is required.

Ramon Agüero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Assessing the WiFi offloading benefit on both service performance and EMF Exposure in urban areas
    2016 Wireless Days (WD), 2016
    Co-Authors: Mathieu Brau, Julien Stéphan, Luis Diez, Yoann Corre, Yves Lostanlen, Ramon Agüero
    Abstract:

    In this paper we assess the benefit of WiFi offloading over dense urban scenarios in terms of both Quality of Service (QoS) and Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Exposure. This study relies on results obtained with two complementary simulation platforms: a two-tier dynamic system-level simulator and a 3D coverage-based simulator. Outputs are usual service coverage key performance indicators, handover probability statistics, as well as common and innovative metrics for EMF Exposure Characterization that jointly take into account the contributions from the base-station and the User-Equipment (UE) transmissions. The main outcome is that, for elastic services, the best QoS and minimum global EMF Exposure are jointly achieved with maximum WiFi offloading.

  • Wireless Days - Assessing the WiFi offloading benefit on both service performance and EMF Exposure in urban areas
    2016 Wireless Days (WD), 2016
    Co-Authors: Mathieu Brau, Julien Stéphan, Luis Diez, Yoann Corre, Yves Lostanlen, Ramon Agüero
    Abstract:

    In this paper we assess the benefit of WiFi offloading over dense urban scenarios in terms of both Quality of Service (QoS) and Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Exposure. This study relies on results obtained with two complementary simulation platforms: a two-tier dynamic system-level simulator and a 3D coverage-based simulator. Outputs are usual service coverage key performance indicators, handover probability statistics, as well as common and innovative metrics for EMF Exposure Characterization that jointly take into account the contributions from the base-station and the User-Equipment (UE) transmissions. The main outcome is that, for elastic services, the best QoS and minimum global EMF Exposure are jointly achieved with maximum WiFi offloading.