The Experts below are selected from a list of 26802 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Lizzi Stausgaard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a proper choice of Route significantly reduces air pollution Exposure a study on bicycle and bus trips in urban streets
Science of The Total Environment, 2008Co-Authors: Ole Hertel, Martin Hvidberg, Matthias Ketzel, Lars Storm, Lizzi StausgaardAbstract:A proper selection of Route through the urban area may significantly reduce the air pollution Exposure. This is the main conclusion from the presented study. Air pollution Exposure is determined for two selected cohorts along the Route going from home to working place, and back from working place to home. Exposure is determined with a street pollution model for three scenarios: bicycling along the shortest possible Route, bicycling along the low Exposure Route along less trafficked streets, and finally taking the shortest trip using public transport. Furthermore, calculations are performed for the cases the trip takes place inside as well as outside the traffic rush hours. The results show that the accumulated air pollution Exposure for the low Exposure Route is between 10% and 30% lower for the primary pollutants (NOx and CO). However, the difference is insignificant and in some cases even negative for the secondary pollutants (NO2 and PM10/PM2.5). Considering only the contribution from traffic in the travelled streets, the accumulated air pollution Exposure is between 54% and 67% lower for the low Exposure Route. The bus is generally following highly trafficked streets, and the accumulated Exposure along the bus Route is therefore between 79% and 115% higher than the high Exposure bicycle Route (the short bicycle Route). Travelling outside the rush hour time periods reduces the accumulated Exposure between 10% and 30% for the primary pollutants, and between 5% and 20% for the secondary pollutants. The study indicates that a web based Route planner for selecting the low Exposure Route through the city might be a good service for the public. In addition the public may be advised to travel outside rush hour time periods.
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A proper choice of Route significantly reduces air pollution Exposure — A study on bicycle and bus trips in urban streets
Science of The Total Environment, 2008Co-Authors: Ole Hertel, Martin Hvidberg, Matthias Ketzel, Lars Mølgaard Storm, Lizzi StausgaardAbstract:A proper selection of Route through the urban area may significantly reduce the air pollution Exposure. This is the main conclusion from the presented study. Air pollution Exposure is determined for two selected cohorts along the Route going from home to working place, and back from working place to home. Exposure is determined with a street pollution model for three scenarios: bicycling along the shortest possible Route, bicycling along the low Exposure Route along less trafficked streets, and finally taking the shortest trip using public transport. Furthermore, calculations are performed for the cases the trip takes place inside as well as outside the traffic rush hours. The results show that the accumulated air pollution Exposure for the low Exposure Route is between 10% and 30% lower for the primary pollutants (NOx and CO). However, the difference is insignificant and in some cases even negative for the secondary pollutants (NO2 and PM10/PM2.5). Considering only the contribution from traffic in the travelled streets, the accumulated air pollution Exposure is between 54% and 67% lower for the low Exposure Route. The bus is generally following highly trafficked streets, and the accumulated Exposure along the bus Route is therefore between 79% and 115% higher than the high Exposure bicycle Route (the short bicycle Route). Travelling outside the rush hour time periods reduces the accumulated Exposure between 10% and 30% for the primary pollutants, and between 5% and 20% for the secondary pollutants. The study indicates that a web based Route planner for selecting the low Exposure Route through the city might be a good service for the public. In addition the public may be advised to travel outside rush hour time periods.
Michael P Shakarjian - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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mouse model of human poisonings with tetramethylenedisulfotetramine characterization of the effect of Exposure Route on syndrome outcomes
Toxicology Letters, 2019Co-Authors: Marcela Laukova, Sundas Pervez, Rebekah Rosman, Jana Veliskova, Libor Velisek, Michael P ShakarjianAbstract:Abstract Tetramethylenedisulfotetramine (TMDT) is a synthetic neurotoxic rodenticide and potential chemical threat agent. Signs of TMDT poisoning include convulsions which can progress into status epilepticus and death. Although clinical reports clearly show that poisoning via food and drink is the main Route of Exposure, experimental studies have primarily utilized parenteral Routes. Here we used two different modes of oral administration of TMDT and compared the toxic outcomes with two different parenteral Routes. Adult male mice were given various doses of TMDT either perorally in peanut butter or cereal pellets, or injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) or subcutaneously (s.c.). All Routes produced the complete TMDT syndrome including twitches, clonic and tonic-clonic seizures and death. However potencies varied with the following rank order: i.p. > s.c. > oral (cereal)>>oral (peanut butter). Our data clearly show that ingestion of TMDT with peanut butter markedly reduces the overall syndrome severity relative to oral Exposure via cereals. No significant differences were observed by substituting peanut oil for water as a vehicle for i.p. administered TMDT. In conclusion, high vs low fat food can differentially affect TMDT onset of action, probably due to differences in availability from the gastrointestinal tract. These results should be considered when searching for effective treatments for TMDT poisoning.
Henriette Selck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An assessment of the importance of Exposure Routes to the uptake and internal localisation of fluorescent nanoparticles in zebrafish (Danio rerio), using light sheet microscopy.
Nanotoxicology, 2017Co-Authors: Lars Michael Skjolding, Henriette Selck, Giedrė Ašmonaitė, Rasmus Irming Jølck, Thomas Lars Andresen, Anders Baun, Joachim SturveAbstract:AbstractA major challenge in nanoecotoxicology is finding suitable methods to determine the uptake and localisation of nanoparticles on a whole-organism level. Some uptake methods have been associated with artefacts induced by sample preparation, including staining for electron microscopy. This study used light sheet microscopy (LSM) to define the uptake and localisation of fluorescently labelled nanoparticles in living organisms with minimal sample preparation. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to fluorescent gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and fluorescent polystyrene NPs via aqueous or dietary Exposure. The in vivo uptake and localisation of NPs were investigated using LSM at different time points (1, 3 and 7 days). A time-dependent increase in fluorescence was observed in the gut after dietary Exposure to both Au NPs and polystyrene NPs. No fluorescence was observed within gut epithelia regardless of the NP Exposure Route indicating no or limited uptake via intestinal villi. Fish exposed to polystyrene ...
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Biodynamics of copper oxide nanoparticles and copper ions in an oligochaete - Part I: Relative importance of water and sediment as Exposure Routes.
Aquatic Toxicology, 2015Co-Authors: Tina Ramskov, Amalie Thit, Marie-noelle Croteau, Henriette SelckAbstract:Abstract Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used, and likely released into the aquatic environment. Both aqueous (i.e., dissolved Cu) and particulate Cu can be taken up by organisms. However, how Exposure Routes influence the bioavailability and subsequent toxicity of Cu remains largely unknown. Here, we assess the importance of Exposure Routes (water and sediment) and Cu forms (aqueous and nanoparticulate) on Cu bioavailability and toxicity to the freshwater oligochaete, Lumbriculus variegatus, a head-down deposit-feeder. We characterize the bioaccumulation dynamics of Cu in L. variegatus across a range of Exposure concentrations, covering both realistic and worst-case levels of Cu contamination in the environment. Both aqueous Cu (Cu-Aq; administered as Cu(NO3)2) and nanoparticulate Cu (CuO NPs), whether dispersed in artificial moderately hard freshwater or mixed into sediment, were weakly accumulated by L. variegatus. Once incorporated into tissues, Cu elimination was negligible, i.e., elimination rate constants were in general not different from zero for either Exposure Route or either Cu form. Toxicity was only observed after waterborne Exposure to Cu-Aq at very high concentration (305 μg L−1), where all worms died. There was no relationship between Exposure Route, Cu form or Cu Exposure concentration on either worm survival or growth. Slow feeding rates and low Cu assimilation efficiency (approximately 30%) characterized the uptake of Cu from the sediment for both Cu forms. In nature, L. variegatus is potentially exposed to Cu via both water and sediment. However, sediment progressively becomes the predominant Exposure Route for Cu in L. variegatus as Cu partitioning to sediment increases.
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the relative importance of water and diet for uptake and subcellular distribution of cadmium in the deposit feeding polychaete capitella sp i
Marine Environmental Research, 2004Co-Authors: Henriette Selck, Valery E ForbesAbstract:The impact of dietary and water Exposure on the accumulation and distribution of cadmium (Cd) in subcellular components of the polychaete Capitella sp. I was investigated. Worms were exposed to either dissolved Cd alone ('Water-Only' treatments; WO) or diet-bound Cd alone ('Algae-bound Only' treatments; AO). Thus, WO worms were starved and AO worms were fed. Differential centrifugation was used to fractionate worm homogenates into debris- (DE), mitochondrial- (MI), microsomal- (MC) and cytosolic- (CY) fractions, and the concentration of Cd in these fractions was quantified by radiometric analysis using the specific activity of the (109)Cd radioisotope. Neither Exposure Route nor Cd Exposure affected the total protein content in the worms. However, fed, but not starved worms relocated proteins from the mitochondria to the cytosol in response to Cd Exposure. In systems without Cd addition, starvation likewise influenced the distribution of protein between mitochondria and cytosol. Cutaneous uptake and accumulation of Cd from the water was related to surface area while dietary uptake was influenced by the amount of sediment passing through the gut. Irrespective of Exposure Route, Cd was accumulated primarily in the debris fraction although comparisons between the treatments indicated that relatively less Cd was located in DE and more in MI, MC and CY fractions in worms in AO compared to worms in WO. Cd per unit protein in DE and MI fractions was twice as high as in MC and CY fractions in WO, whereas MC contained the highest Cd content followed by MI, DE and CY fractions in AO worms. Our results stress the importance of Exposure Route for the internal distribution and toxicity of Cd to deposit feeders such as Capitella sp. I.
Ming Hung Wong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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concentrations and congener profiles of polybrominated diphenyl ethers pbdes in blood plasma from hong kong implications for sources and Exposure Route
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Hong-sheng Wang, Guan-min Jiang, Zhuojia Chen, John P. Giesy, Chris K.c. Wong, Yu Bon Man, Ming Hung WongAbstract:There was limited information about bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in humans of the general population of Hong Kong. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine concentrations and congener profiles of PBDEs in blood plasma from Hong Kong, evaluate their sources and correlations with other organobrominated compounds, and investigate Exposure Routes from fish and dust. Concentrations of ∑PBDE22 ranged from 0.56 to 92 ng g(-1), lipid weight (lw), with a median of 5.4 ng g(-1). BDE-47 was the dominant congener, accounting for 26% of ∑PBDE22. Concentrations of PBDE congeners in market fish were significantly (r(2)=0.89, p<0.001) correlated with plasma. Positive but no significant correlations were observed, between concentrations of PBDE congeners in indoor dust from workplaces (r(2)=0.46, p=0.081) and homes (r(2)=0.49, p=0.10), with concentrations of PBDE in human blood plasma. The results indicated that dietary Exposure, particularly consumption of fish, is a major pathway through which people in Hong Kong are exposed to PBDEs. Furthermore, our data revealed a spatial distribution and terrestrial source of BDE-28 for local people. Results of the present study, which was the first systematic study to investigate concentrations of PBDEs in blood of Hong Kong people, provides useful information to which future measurements can be compared.
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a review of environmental fate body burdens and human health risk assessment of pcdd fs at two typical electronic waste recycling sites in china
Science of The Total Environment, 2013Co-Authors: Janet Kit Yan Chan, Ming Hung WongAbstract:Abstract This paper reviews the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in different environmental media, human body burdens and health risk assessment results at e-waste recycling sites in China. To provide an indication of the seriousness of the pollution levels in the e-waste recycling sites in China, the data are compared with guidelines and available existing data for other areas. The comparison clearly shows that PCDD/Fs derived from the recycling processes lead to serious pollution in different environmental compartments (such as air, soil, sediment, dust and biota) and heavy body burdens. Of all kinds of e-waste recycling operations, open burning of e-waste and acid leaching activities are identified as the major sources of PCDD/Fs. Deriving from the published data, the estimated total Exposure doses via dietary intake, inhalation, soil/dust ingestion and dermal contact are calculated for adults, children and breast-fed infants living in two major e-waste processing locations in China. The values ranged from 5.59 to 105.16 pg WHO-TEQ/kg bw/day, exceeding the tolerable daily intakes recommended by the WHO (1–4 pg WHO-TEQ/kg bw/day). Dietary intake is the most important Exposure Route for infants, children and adults living in these sites, contributing 60–99% of the total intakes. Inhalation is the second major Exposure Route, accounted for 12–30% of the total Exposure doses of children and adults. In order to protect the environment and human health, there is an urgent need to control and monitor the informal e-waste recycling operations. Knowledge gaps, such as comprehensive dietary Exposure data, epidemiological and clinical studies, body burdens of infants and children, and kinetics about PCDD/Fs partitions among different human tissues should be addressed.
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Concentrations and congener profiles of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in blood plasma from Hong Kong: Implications for sources and Exposure Route
Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Hong-sheng Wang, Guan-min Jiang, Zhuojia Chen, Yu Bon Man, John P. Giesy, Chris K.c. Wong, Ming Hung WongAbstract:Abstract There was limited information about bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in humans of the general population of Hong Kong. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine concentrations and congener profiles of PBDEs in blood plasma from Hong Kong, evaluate their sources and correlations with other organobrominated compounds, and investigate Exposure Routes from fish and dust. Concentrations of ∑PBDE22 ranged from 0.56 to 92 ng g−1, lipid weight (lw), with a median of 5.4 ng g−1. BDE-47 was the dominant congener, accounting for 26% of ∑PBDE22. Concentrations of PBDE congeners in market fish were significantly (r2 = 0.89, p
Ole Hertel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a proper choice of Route significantly reduces air pollution Exposure a study on bicycle and bus trips in urban streets
Science of The Total Environment, 2008Co-Authors: Ole Hertel, Martin Hvidberg, Matthias Ketzel, Lars Storm, Lizzi StausgaardAbstract:A proper selection of Route through the urban area may significantly reduce the air pollution Exposure. This is the main conclusion from the presented study. Air pollution Exposure is determined for two selected cohorts along the Route going from home to working place, and back from working place to home. Exposure is determined with a street pollution model for three scenarios: bicycling along the shortest possible Route, bicycling along the low Exposure Route along less trafficked streets, and finally taking the shortest trip using public transport. Furthermore, calculations are performed for the cases the trip takes place inside as well as outside the traffic rush hours. The results show that the accumulated air pollution Exposure for the low Exposure Route is between 10% and 30% lower for the primary pollutants (NOx and CO). However, the difference is insignificant and in some cases even negative for the secondary pollutants (NO2 and PM10/PM2.5). Considering only the contribution from traffic in the travelled streets, the accumulated air pollution Exposure is between 54% and 67% lower for the low Exposure Route. The bus is generally following highly trafficked streets, and the accumulated Exposure along the bus Route is therefore between 79% and 115% higher than the high Exposure bicycle Route (the short bicycle Route). Travelling outside the rush hour time periods reduces the accumulated Exposure between 10% and 30% for the primary pollutants, and between 5% and 20% for the secondary pollutants. The study indicates that a web based Route planner for selecting the low Exposure Route through the city might be a good service for the public. In addition the public may be advised to travel outside rush hour time periods.
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A proper choice of Route significantly reduces air pollution Exposure — A study on bicycle and bus trips in urban streets
Science of The Total Environment, 2008Co-Authors: Ole Hertel, Martin Hvidberg, Matthias Ketzel, Lars Mølgaard Storm, Lizzi StausgaardAbstract:A proper selection of Route through the urban area may significantly reduce the air pollution Exposure. This is the main conclusion from the presented study. Air pollution Exposure is determined for two selected cohorts along the Route going from home to working place, and back from working place to home. Exposure is determined with a street pollution model for three scenarios: bicycling along the shortest possible Route, bicycling along the low Exposure Route along less trafficked streets, and finally taking the shortest trip using public transport. Furthermore, calculations are performed for the cases the trip takes place inside as well as outside the traffic rush hours. The results show that the accumulated air pollution Exposure for the low Exposure Route is between 10% and 30% lower for the primary pollutants (NOx and CO). However, the difference is insignificant and in some cases even negative for the secondary pollutants (NO2 and PM10/PM2.5). Considering only the contribution from traffic in the travelled streets, the accumulated air pollution Exposure is between 54% and 67% lower for the low Exposure Route. The bus is generally following highly trafficked streets, and the accumulated Exposure along the bus Route is therefore between 79% and 115% higher than the high Exposure bicycle Route (the short bicycle Route). Travelling outside the rush hour time periods reduces the accumulated Exposure between 10% and 30% for the primary pollutants, and between 5% and 20% for the secondary pollutants. The study indicates that a web based Route planner for selecting the low Exposure Route through the city might be a good service for the public. In addition the public may be advised to travel outside rush hour time periods.
