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John D Cressler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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silicon germanium as an enabling technology for Extreme Environment electronics
IEEE Transactions on Device and Materials Reliability, 2010Co-Authors: John D CresslerAbstract:“Extreme Environment” electronics represent an important niche market in the trillion dollar global electronics industry and span the operation of electronic circuits and systems in surroundings lying outside the domain of conventional commercial or military specifications. Such Extreme Environments might include, for instance, the following: 1) operation down to very low temperatures (e.g., to 77 K or even 4.2 K or below); 2) operation up to very high temperatures (e.g., to 200°C or even 300°C); 3) operation across very wide and/or cyclic temperature swings (e.g., -230°C +120°C night to day, as found on the lunar surface); 4) operation in a radiation Environment (e.g., in space while orbiting the Earth); or 5) at worst case even with all four simultaneously. The unique bandgap-engineered features of silicon-germanium (SiGe) heterojunction bipolar transistors and the electronic circuits built from them offer a considerable potential for simultaneously coping with all four of these Extreme Environments, potentially with no process modifications, ultimately providing compelling advantages at the integrated circuit and system level across a wide class of envisioned commercial and defense applications. Here, we detail the nuances associated with using SiGe technology for Extreme Environment electronics, paying particular attention to recent developments in the field.
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sige bicmos technology an ic design platform for Extreme Environment electronics applications
International Reliability Physics Symposium, 2007Co-Authors: John D CresslerAbstract:The drivers in the Extreme Environment electronics community are beginning to perk up their ears to the possibilities of using SiGe technology, especially for space electronics applications. The present NASA-funded project, "SiGe integrated electronics for Extreme Environments," which is aimed at enabling more effective lunar exploration, represents a 'first' of sorts - a chance to develop the requisite SiGe infrastructure; from technology, to characterization tools, to modeling, to circuit design, to packaging, to reliability, to functional sub-systems, needed to support the development and eventual insertion of SiGe into emerging Extreme Environment venues. The authors are excited about our progress, and firmly believe that the greater electronics community can and should leverage this effort for a wide variety of their applications. Ensuring adequate reliability for SiGe technologies in these new application venues will require more effort from the reliability community. Initial results look very promising indeed.
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using sige hbt technology for Extreme Environment electronics
Bipolar BiCMOS Circuits and Technology Meeting, 2005Co-Authors: John D CresslerAbstract:"Extreme Environment" electronics represents an important emerging niche market, and entails the operation of electronic components in surroundings outside the domain of conventional commercial, or even military, specifications. Such Extreme Environments include operation to very low temperatures (e.g., to 77.3 K or even 4.2 K), operation to very high temperatures (e.g., to 200 or even 300/spl deg/C), and operation in a radiation-intense setting (e.g., space). We argue that the unique bandgap-engineered features of SiGe HBTs offer great potential to simultaneously satisfy all three Extreme Environment applications, with little or no process modification, ultimately providing compelling cost advantages at both the IC and system levels.
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on the potential of sige hbts for Extreme Environment electronics
Proceedings of the IEEE, 2005Co-Authors: John D CresslerAbstract:"Extreme Environments" represents an important niche market for electronics and spans the operation of electronic components in surroundings lying outside the domain of conventional commercial, or even military, specifications. Such Extreme Environments would include, for instance, operation to very low temperatures (e.g., to 77 K or even 4.2 K), operation at very high temperatures (e.g., to 200/spl deg/C or even 300/spl deg/C), and operation in a radiation-rich Environment (e.g., space). We argue that the unique bandgap-engineered features of silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistors offer great potential to simultaneously satisfy all three Extreme Environment applications, potentially with little or no process modification, ultimately providing compelling cost advantages at the IC and system level.
Andrew G. Bauman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Growth impacts in a changing ocean: insights from two coral reef fishes in an Extreme Environment
Coral Reefs, 2021Co-Authors: Daniele D’agostino, Grace O. Vaughan, John A. Burt, Veronica Santinelli, Ashley M. Fowler, Tom Reader, Brett M. Taylor, Andrew S. Hoey, Geórgenes H. Cavalcante, Andrew G. BaumanAbstract:Determining the life-history consequences for fishes living in Extreme and variable Environments will be vital in predicting the likely impacts of ongoing climate change on reef fish demography. Here, we compare size-at-age and maximum body size of two common reef fish species ( Lutjanus ehrenbergii and Pomacanthus maculosus ) between the Environmentally Extreme Arabian/Persian Gulf (‘Arabian Gulf’) and adjacent comparably benign Oman Sea. Additionally, we use otolith increment width profiles to investigate the influence of temperature, salinity and productivity on the individual growth rates. Individuals of both species showed smaller size-at-age and lower maximum size in the Arabian Gulf compared to conspecifics in the less Extreme and less variable Environment of the Oman Sea, suggesting a life-history trade-off between size and metabolic demands. Salinity was the best Environmental predictor of interannual growth across species and regions, with low growth corresponding to more saline conditions. However, salinity had a weaker negative effect on interannual growth of fishes in the Arabian Gulf than in the Oman Sea, indicating Arabian Gulf populations may be better able to acclimate to changing Environmental conditions. Temperature had a weak positive effect on the interannual growth of fishes in the Arabian Gulf, suggesting that these populations may still be living within their thermal windows. Our results highlight the potential importance of osmoregulatory cost in impacting growth, and the need to consider the effect of multiple stressors when investigating the consequences of future climate change on fish demography.
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Species-Specific Coral Calcification Responses to the Extreme Environment of the Southern Persian Gulf
Frontiers Media S.A., 2018Co-Authors: Emily J. Howells, Glenn Dunshea, Dain Mcparland, Grace O. Vaughan, Scott F. Heron, Morgan S. Pratchett, John A. Burt, Andrew G. BaumanAbstract:Sustained accretion of calcium carbonate (mostly by scleractinian corals) is fundamental for maintaining the structure and function of coral reef ecosystems, but may be greatly constrained by Extreme and rapidly changing Environmental conditions. Corals in the southern Persian Gulf already experience Extreme temperature ranges (<20 to >34°C), chronic hypersalinity (>43 psu) and frequent light limitation (<100 μmol photons m−2 s−1). We compared annual rates of calcification for two of the most common coral species in the region (Platygyra daedalea and Cyphastrea microphthalma) along marked gradients in Environmental conditions in the southern Persian Gulf and into the Oman Sea. Overall calcification rates were 32% higher in P. daedalea colonies (x = 1.103 g cm−2 y−1, n = 46) than in C. microphthalma (x = 0.835 g cm−2 y−1, n = 37), probably reflecting inter-specific differences in energy allocation and skeletal density. There was also considerable variation in calcification rates among individual colonies from the same locations that was unrelated to depth or photosymbiont type. However, most interestingly, P. daedalea and C. microphthalma exhibited contrasting trends in mean annual calcification rates across locations. For P. daedalea, calcification rates were lowest at Delma, where the minimum temperatures were lowest and salinity was highest, and increased across the southern Persian Gulf with increases in minimum temperatures and decreases in salinity. These data suggest that calcification rates of P. daedalea are most constrained by minimum temperatures, which is consistent with the strong relationship between annual calcification rates and minimum local temperatures recorded across the Indo-Pacific. Conversely, linear extension and calcification of C. microphthalma in the southern Persian Gulf was lowest at Ras Ghanada, where there was lowest light and highest maximum temperatures. These data reveal striking taxonomic differences in the specific Environmental constraints on coral calcification, which will further reinforce changes in the structure of coral assemblages with ongoing global climate change
Grace O. Vaughan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Growth impacts in a changing ocean: insights from two coral reef fishes in an Extreme Environment
Coral Reefs, 2021Co-Authors: Daniele D’agostino, Grace O. Vaughan, John A. Burt, Veronica Santinelli, Ashley M. Fowler, Tom Reader, Brett M. Taylor, Andrew S. Hoey, Geórgenes H. Cavalcante, Andrew G. BaumanAbstract:Determining the life-history consequences for fishes living in Extreme and variable Environments will be vital in predicting the likely impacts of ongoing climate change on reef fish demography. Here, we compare size-at-age and maximum body size of two common reef fish species ( Lutjanus ehrenbergii and Pomacanthus maculosus ) between the Environmentally Extreme Arabian/Persian Gulf (‘Arabian Gulf’) and adjacent comparably benign Oman Sea. Additionally, we use otolith increment width profiles to investigate the influence of temperature, salinity and productivity on the individual growth rates. Individuals of both species showed smaller size-at-age and lower maximum size in the Arabian Gulf compared to conspecifics in the less Extreme and less variable Environment of the Oman Sea, suggesting a life-history trade-off between size and metabolic demands. Salinity was the best Environmental predictor of interannual growth across species and regions, with low growth corresponding to more saline conditions. However, salinity had a weaker negative effect on interannual growth of fishes in the Arabian Gulf than in the Oman Sea, indicating Arabian Gulf populations may be better able to acclimate to changing Environmental conditions. Temperature had a weak positive effect on the interannual growth of fishes in the Arabian Gulf, suggesting that these populations may still be living within their thermal windows. Our results highlight the potential importance of osmoregulatory cost in impacting growth, and the need to consider the effect of multiple stressors when investigating the consequences of future climate change on fish demography.
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Species-Specific Coral Calcification Responses to the Extreme Environment of the Southern Persian Gulf
Frontiers Media S.A., 2018Co-Authors: Emily J. Howells, Glenn Dunshea, Dain Mcparland, Grace O. Vaughan, Scott F. Heron, Morgan S. Pratchett, John A. Burt, Andrew G. BaumanAbstract:Sustained accretion of calcium carbonate (mostly by scleractinian corals) is fundamental for maintaining the structure and function of coral reef ecosystems, but may be greatly constrained by Extreme and rapidly changing Environmental conditions. Corals in the southern Persian Gulf already experience Extreme temperature ranges (<20 to >34°C), chronic hypersalinity (>43 psu) and frequent light limitation (<100 μmol photons m−2 s−1). We compared annual rates of calcification for two of the most common coral species in the region (Platygyra daedalea and Cyphastrea microphthalma) along marked gradients in Environmental conditions in the southern Persian Gulf and into the Oman Sea. Overall calcification rates were 32% higher in P. daedalea colonies (x = 1.103 g cm−2 y−1, n = 46) than in C. microphthalma (x = 0.835 g cm−2 y−1, n = 37), probably reflecting inter-specific differences in energy allocation and skeletal density. There was also considerable variation in calcification rates among individual colonies from the same locations that was unrelated to depth or photosymbiont type. However, most interestingly, P. daedalea and C. microphthalma exhibited contrasting trends in mean annual calcification rates across locations. For P. daedalea, calcification rates were lowest at Delma, where the minimum temperatures were lowest and salinity was highest, and increased across the southern Persian Gulf with increases in minimum temperatures and decreases in salinity. These data suggest that calcification rates of P. daedalea are most constrained by minimum temperatures, which is consistent with the strong relationship between annual calcification rates and minimum local temperatures recorded across the Indo-Pacific. Conversely, linear extension and calcification of C. microphthalma in the southern Persian Gulf was lowest at Ras Ghanada, where there was lowest light and highest maximum temperatures. These data reveal striking taxonomic differences in the specific Environmental constraints on coral calcification, which will further reinforce changes in the structure of coral assemblages with ongoing global climate change
John A. Burt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Growth impacts in a changing ocean: insights from two coral reef fishes in an Extreme Environment
Coral Reefs, 2021Co-Authors: Daniele D’agostino, Grace O. Vaughan, John A. Burt, Veronica Santinelli, Ashley M. Fowler, Tom Reader, Brett M. Taylor, Andrew S. Hoey, Geórgenes H. Cavalcante, Andrew G. BaumanAbstract:Determining the life-history consequences for fishes living in Extreme and variable Environments will be vital in predicting the likely impacts of ongoing climate change on reef fish demography. Here, we compare size-at-age and maximum body size of two common reef fish species ( Lutjanus ehrenbergii and Pomacanthus maculosus ) between the Environmentally Extreme Arabian/Persian Gulf (‘Arabian Gulf’) and adjacent comparably benign Oman Sea. Additionally, we use otolith increment width profiles to investigate the influence of temperature, salinity and productivity on the individual growth rates. Individuals of both species showed smaller size-at-age and lower maximum size in the Arabian Gulf compared to conspecifics in the less Extreme and less variable Environment of the Oman Sea, suggesting a life-history trade-off between size and metabolic demands. Salinity was the best Environmental predictor of interannual growth across species and regions, with low growth corresponding to more saline conditions. However, salinity had a weaker negative effect on interannual growth of fishes in the Arabian Gulf than in the Oman Sea, indicating Arabian Gulf populations may be better able to acclimate to changing Environmental conditions. Temperature had a weak positive effect on the interannual growth of fishes in the Arabian Gulf, suggesting that these populations may still be living within their thermal windows. Our results highlight the potential importance of osmoregulatory cost in impacting growth, and the need to consider the effect of multiple stressors when investigating the consequences of future climate change on fish demography.
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Species-Specific Coral Calcification Responses to the Extreme Environment of the Southern Persian Gulf
Frontiers Media S.A., 2018Co-Authors: Emily J. Howells, Glenn Dunshea, Dain Mcparland, Grace O. Vaughan, Scott F. Heron, Morgan S. Pratchett, John A. Burt, Andrew G. BaumanAbstract:Sustained accretion of calcium carbonate (mostly by scleractinian corals) is fundamental for maintaining the structure and function of coral reef ecosystems, but may be greatly constrained by Extreme and rapidly changing Environmental conditions. Corals in the southern Persian Gulf already experience Extreme temperature ranges (<20 to >34°C), chronic hypersalinity (>43 psu) and frequent light limitation (<100 μmol photons m−2 s−1). We compared annual rates of calcification for two of the most common coral species in the region (Platygyra daedalea and Cyphastrea microphthalma) along marked gradients in Environmental conditions in the southern Persian Gulf and into the Oman Sea. Overall calcification rates were 32% higher in P. daedalea colonies (x = 1.103 g cm−2 y−1, n = 46) than in C. microphthalma (x = 0.835 g cm−2 y−1, n = 37), probably reflecting inter-specific differences in energy allocation and skeletal density. There was also considerable variation in calcification rates among individual colonies from the same locations that was unrelated to depth or photosymbiont type. However, most interestingly, P. daedalea and C. microphthalma exhibited contrasting trends in mean annual calcification rates across locations. For P. daedalea, calcification rates were lowest at Delma, where the minimum temperatures were lowest and salinity was highest, and increased across the southern Persian Gulf with increases in minimum temperatures and decreases in salinity. These data suggest that calcification rates of P. daedalea are most constrained by minimum temperatures, which is consistent with the strong relationship between annual calcification rates and minimum local temperatures recorded across the Indo-Pacific. Conversely, linear extension and calcification of C. microphthalma in the southern Persian Gulf was lowest at Ras Ghanada, where there was lowest light and highest maximum temperatures. These data reveal striking taxonomic differences in the specific Environmental constraints on coral calcification, which will further reinforce changes in the structure of coral assemblages with ongoing global climate change
Mariadhas Valan Arasu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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chemical profiling of streptomyces sp al dhabi 2 recovered from an Extreme Environment in saudi arabia as a novel drug source for medical and industrial applications
Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 2019Co-Authors: Naif Abdullah Aldhabi, Galal Ali Esmail, Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan, Mariadhas Valan ArasuAbstract:Filamentous bacterial belonged to Streptomyces species were novel drug source for medical and industrial applications. However, the detailed identification of Streptomyces species from Saudi Arabian Extreme Environment for the identification novel drug source for medical and industrial applications were rarely studied. The Streptomyces strain Al-Dhabi-2 obtained from the thermophilic region kingdom of Saudi Arabia, exhibited antimicrobial potentials against the pathogenic microorganism were characterized. Biochemical and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the strain was closely associated to the Streptomyces species. The chromatogram of GC-MS analysis of this ethyl acetate extract (EA) had diverse of chemical compounds namely benzene acetic acid (7.81%), acetic acid, methoxy-, 2-phenylethyl ester (6.01%) were the major compounds. EA of Al-Dhabi-2 showed inhibition zone ranged from 14 to 25 mm at 5 mg/well concentration against the tested microbial pathogens. Results revealed that the significant MIC values were observed against B. cereus, and E. faecalis by (less than 39 μg/ml) and against S. agalactiae with (78 μg/ml). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for fungi: were also reported against Cryptococcus neoformans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes by (156 μg/ml), whilst Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger by (312 μg/ml). Results of this study showed that thermophilic actinobacteria could be promise source in the context of searching for unique antimicrobial agents with novel properties.
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Chemical profiling of Streptomyces sp. Al-Dhabi-2 recovered from an Extreme Environment in Saudi Arabia as a novel drug source for medical and industrial applications
Elsevier, 2019Co-Authors: Naif Abdullah Al-dhabi, Galal Ali Esmail, Veeramuthu Duraipandiyan, Mariadhas Valan ArasuAbstract:Filamentous bacterial belonged to Streptomyces species were novel drug source for medical and industrial applications. However, the detailed identification of Streptomyces species from Saudi Arabian Extreme Environment for the identification novel drug source for medical and industrial applications were rarely studied. The Streptomyces strain Al-Dhabi-2 obtained from the thermophilic region kingdom of Saudi Arabia, exhibited antimicrobial potentials against the pathogenic microorganism were characterized. Biochemical and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the strain was closely associated to the Streptomyces species. The chromatogram of GC-MS analysis of this ethyl acetate extract (EA) had diverse of chemical compounds namely benzene acetic acid (7.81%), acetic acid, methoxy-, 2-phenylethyl ester (6.01%) were the major compounds. EA of Al-Dhabi-2 showed inhibition zone ranged from 14 to 25 mm at 5 mg/well concentration against the tested microbial pathogens. Results revealed that the significant MIC values were observed against B. cereus, and E. faecalis by (less than 39 μg/ml) and against S. agalactiae with (78 μg/ml). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for fungi: were also reported against Cryptococcus neoformans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes by (156 μg/ml), whilst Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger by (312 μg/ml). Results of this study showed that thermophilic actinobacteria could be promise source in the context of searching for unique antimicrobial agents with novel properties. Keywords: 16S rRNA gene, Thermophilic Streptomyces, Hot spring, Antimicrobial activity, GC-M
