The Experts below are selected from a list of 234 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Masaya Tohyama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Projections of tachykinin- and glutaminase-containing rat retinal ganglion cells
Brain Research Bulletin, 1994Co-Authors: Jose Javier Miguel-hidalgo, Koichi Takatsuji, Emiko Senba, Masaya TohyamaAbstract:Glutamate (Glu) and the tachykinin substance P (SP) have been proposed as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators of the retinal projection to the brain. In the present study, we demonstrate that tachykinin-like (TK) immunoreactivity (IR) accumulates in rat retinal axons following electrical lesions to the optic tract, indicating that SP is convEyed in the optic nerve to its central targets. In addition, we show that Eye Enucleation causes a dramatic decrease in TK-IR fibers in the pretectal olivary nucleus (PON), but not in other retinorecipient nuclei of the thalamus and the midbrain, and that Fluorogold injected into the pretectum is retrogradely transported to the somata of TK-IR retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), indicating an important projection of TK-IR RGCs to the PON. We also show that most rat RGCs are labeled with antibodies against phosphate-activated glutaminase, an enzyme considered to generate the transmitter pool of glutamate. Unlike TK-IR fibers, phosphate-activated glutaminase-IR structures disappear in most retinorecipient nuclei following Eye Enucleation. The present results give neuroanatomical support to the idea that glutamate is a neurotransmitter in the retinal projection and suggest an important role for TK-IR RGCs in the relay of visual information to the PON.
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Subtance P-immunoreactive innervation from the retina to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the rat
Brain Research, 1991Co-Authors: Koichi Takatsuji, Jose Javier Miguel-hidalgo, Masaya TohyamaAbstract:The present study examined substance P (SP) innervation in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the rat. In the colchicine-untreated rat, SP-immunoreactive fibers formed a dense oval plexus in the ventral part of the SCN. After bilateral Eye Enucleation, there was a marked reduction in SP-immunoreactive fibers in the ventral part of the SCNs. The SP-immunoreactive neurons in the retinal ganglion cell layer were retrogradely labeled after injection of Fluoro-gold into the SCN. These findings indicate the presence of the SP innervation from the retina to the SCN in the rat. The role of SP in the retino-hypothalamic tract was discussed from the light-dark cycle.
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Ultrastructure and retinal innervation of deafferentation-induced enkephalin-immunoreactive elements in the superficial layers of the rat superior colliculus.
Brain Research, 1991Co-Authors: Jose Javier Miguel-hidalgo, Koichi Takatsuji, Emiko Senba, Masaya TohyamaAbstract:Leu-enkephalin-like immunoreactive (ENK-I) elements appearing in the superficial layers of the rat superior colliculus (SC) after Eye-Enucleation were examined by means of immunoelectronmicroscopy. ENK-I somata were of a single type and formed symmetric and asymmetric synapses with non-immunoreactive axon terminals. Some degenerating retinal terminals made synaptic contacts only with small ENK-I dendrites, suggesting that deafferentation-induced ENK-I neurons in the rat SC receive retinal input onto the distal portions of their dendrites.
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appearance of substance p like immunoreactive neurons in the rat superior colliculus after neonatal Eye Enucleation
Developmental Brain Research, 1990Co-Authors: Koichi Takatsuji, Josejavier Miguelhidalgo, Satoshi Hagihira, Masaya TohyamaAbstract:Abstract The possibility that Eye Enucleation within one day after birth has an effect on the postnatal development of substance P (SP)-like-immunoreactive (SP-I) structures in the superior colliculus (SC) was investigated in the rat. Results were compared with those in animals enucleated at postnatal day 15. All the animals were allowed to survive until postnatal day 90, after which changes in SP-I neurons and fibers were identified immunohistochemically. In colchicine-treated rats, the most remarkable changes occurred in SP-I neurons following Eye Enucleation at birth; large numbers of SP-I neurons appeared in the ventral part of the stratum griseum superficiale (SGS), stratum opticum (SO) and stratum griseum intermediale (SGI) of the deafferentated SC. SP-I neurons did not appear in these layers, when deafferentation of the SC was carried out in rats at postnatal day 15. These findings suggest strongly that Eye Enucleation at birth affects the production of SP of neurons in the ventral part of the SGS, SO and SGI at the deafferentated SC. The appearance of SP-I neurons in the neonatal Eye Enucleation may be due, at least partially, to reorganization of another neuronal system in the SC.
Lan Gong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Higher dose of palonosetron versus lower dose of palonosetron plus droperidol to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting after Eye Enucleation and orbital hydroxyapatite implant surgery: a randomized, double-blind trial.
Drug Design Development and Therapy, 2017Co-Authors: Xiao Hu, Lan GongAbstract:OBJECTIVE: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is commonly observed after Eye Enucleation and orbital hydroxyapatite implant surgery. This prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was conducted to investigate the hypothesis that compared with monotherapy using a higher dose of palonosetron, using a lower dose of palonosetron in combination with droperidol could reduce the incidence of PONV and achieve similar prophylaxis against PONV after the aforementioned surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 129 patients who were in the American Society of Anesthesiologists Classes I and II, aged between 18 and 70 years, and scheduled for Eye Enucleation and orbital hydroxyapatite implant surgery, were enrolled in this study. They were randomized into three groups: Group P2.5 (2.5 μg/kg palonosetron), Group P7.5 (7.5 μg/kg palonosetron), and Group P+D (2.5 μg/kg palonosetron and 15 μg/kg droperidol). Patients received the different antiemetic regimens intravenously 5 min before surgery. The severity of nausea and vomiting and the complete response (CR) rate during a 72-h postoperative period were assessed. RESULTS: All patients completed the trial. The nausea score of Group P2.5 was significantly higher than those of the other two groups at 0-4 h and 24-48 h (P 0.05). Compared with Group P2.5, the CR rate was significantly improved at all intervals in Group P+D, except at 4-72 h, and was also elevated at 24-72 h in Group P7.5 (P
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higher dose of palonosetron versus lower dose of palonosetron plus droperidol to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting after Eye Enucleation and orbital hydroxyapatite implant surgery a randomized double blind trial
Drug Design Development and Therapy, 2017Co-Authors: Xiao Hu, Lan GongAbstract:OBJECTIVE: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is commonly observed after Eye Enucleation and orbital hydroxyapatite implant surgery. This prospective, randomized, double-blind trial was conducted to investigate the hypothesis that compared with monotherapy using a higher dose of palonosetron, using a lower dose of palonosetron in combination with droperidol could reduce the incidence of PONV and achieve similar prophylaxis against PONV after the aforementioned surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 129 patients who were in the American Society of Anesthesiologists Classes I and II, aged between 18 and 70 years, and scheduled for Eye Enucleation and orbital hydroxyapatite implant surgery, were enrolled in this study. They were randomized into three groups: Group P2.5 (2.5 μg/kg palonosetron), Group P7.5 (7.5 μg/kg palonosetron), and Group P+D (2.5 μg/kg palonosetron and 15 μg/kg droperidol). Patients received the different antiemetic regimens intravenously 5 min before surgery. The severity of nausea and vomiting and the complete response (CR) rate during a 72-h postoperative period were assessed. RESULTS: All patients completed the trial. The nausea score of Group P2.5 was significantly higher than those of the other two groups at 0-4 h and 24-48 h (P 0.05). Compared with Group P2.5, the CR rate was significantly improved at all intervals in Group P+D, except at 4-72 h, and was also elevated at 24-72 h in Group P7.5 (P<0.05). Fewer patients in Group P2.5 did not experience any nausea or vomiting throughout the study (49%) compared with those in Group P7.5 (67%) and Group P+D (81%; P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Combining low-dose palonosetron with droperidol potentiated prophylaxis for PONV and achieved a similar prophylactic effect as that with a higher dose of palonosetron.
Luiz R G Britto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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inflammatory responses in the rat superior colliculus after Eye Enucleation
Brain Research Bulletin, 2014Co-Authors: Marina S Hernandes, Luiz R G BrittoAbstract:Abstract Ocular Enucleation induces profound morphological alterations in central visual areas. However, little is known about the response of glial cells and possible inflammatory processes in visual brain areas resulting from Eye Enucleation. In this study, immunoblotting and immunostaining assays revealed increased expression of astrocyte and microglia markers in the rat superior colliculus (SC) between 1 and 15 days after contralateral Enucleation. A transient increase of neuronal COX-2 protein expression was also found in the SC. To evaluate the role of an anti-inflammatory drug in attenuating both COX-2 and glial cell activation, the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX) was administered (1 mg/kg i.p., for 3 days) to enucleated rats. Immunoblotting data revealed that DEX treatment significantly inhibited COX-2 protein expression. Postlesion immunostaining for astrocyte and microglia markers was also significantly reduced by DEX treatment. These findings suggest that the removal of retinal ganglion cell input generates inflammatory responses in central retinorecipient structures.
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Eye Enucleation activates the transcription nuclear factor kappa b in the rat superior colliculus
Neuroscience Letters, 2012Co-Authors: Marina S Hernandes, Larissa De Sa Lima, Cristoforo Scavone, Lucia Rossetti Lopes, Luiz R G BrittoAbstract:Abstract Ocular Enucleation produces significant morphological and physiological changes in central visual areas. However, our knowledge of the molecular events resulting from Eye Enucleation in visual brain areas remains elusive. We characterized here the transcription nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activation induced by ocular Enucleation in the rat superior colliculus (SC). We also tested the effectiveness of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone in inhibiting its activation. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays to detect NF-κB indicated that this transcription factor is activated in the SC from 1 h to day 15 postlesion. The expression of p65 and p50 proteins in the nuclear extracts was also increased. Dexamethasone treatment was able to significantly inhibit NF-κB activation. These findings suggest that this transcriptional factor is importantly involved in the visual system short-term processes that ensue after retinal lesions in the adult brain.
Koichi Takatsuji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Projections of tachykinin- and glutaminase-containing rat retinal ganglion cells
Brain Research Bulletin, 1994Co-Authors: Jose Javier Miguel-hidalgo, Koichi Takatsuji, Emiko Senba, Masaya TohyamaAbstract:Glutamate (Glu) and the tachykinin substance P (SP) have been proposed as neurotransmitters or neuromodulators of the retinal projection to the brain. In the present study, we demonstrate that tachykinin-like (TK) immunoreactivity (IR) accumulates in rat retinal axons following electrical lesions to the optic tract, indicating that SP is convEyed in the optic nerve to its central targets. In addition, we show that Eye Enucleation causes a dramatic decrease in TK-IR fibers in the pretectal olivary nucleus (PON), but not in other retinorecipient nuclei of the thalamus and the midbrain, and that Fluorogold injected into the pretectum is retrogradely transported to the somata of TK-IR retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), indicating an important projection of TK-IR RGCs to the PON. We also show that most rat RGCs are labeled with antibodies against phosphate-activated glutaminase, an enzyme considered to generate the transmitter pool of glutamate. Unlike TK-IR fibers, phosphate-activated glutaminase-IR structures disappear in most retinorecipient nuclei following Eye Enucleation. The present results give neuroanatomical support to the idea that glutamate is a neurotransmitter in the retinal projection and suggest an important role for TK-IR RGCs in the relay of visual information to the PON.
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Subtance P-immunoreactive innervation from the retina to the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the rat
Brain Research, 1991Co-Authors: Koichi Takatsuji, Jose Javier Miguel-hidalgo, Masaya TohyamaAbstract:The present study examined substance P (SP) innervation in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the rat. In the colchicine-untreated rat, SP-immunoreactive fibers formed a dense oval plexus in the ventral part of the SCN. After bilateral Eye Enucleation, there was a marked reduction in SP-immunoreactive fibers in the ventral part of the SCNs. The SP-immunoreactive neurons in the retinal ganglion cell layer were retrogradely labeled after injection of Fluoro-gold into the SCN. These findings indicate the presence of the SP innervation from the retina to the SCN in the rat. The role of SP in the retino-hypothalamic tract was discussed from the light-dark cycle.
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Ultrastructure and retinal innervation of deafferentation-induced enkephalin-immunoreactive elements in the superficial layers of the rat superior colliculus.
Brain Research, 1991Co-Authors: Jose Javier Miguel-hidalgo, Koichi Takatsuji, Emiko Senba, Masaya TohyamaAbstract:Leu-enkephalin-like immunoreactive (ENK-I) elements appearing in the superficial layers of the rat superior colliculus (SC) after Eye-Enucleation were examined by means of immunoelectronmicroscopy. ENK-I somata were of a single type and formed symmetric and asymmetric synapses with non-immunoreactive axon terminals. Some degenerating retinal terminals made synaptic contacts only with small ENK-I dendrites, suggesting that deafferentation-induced ENK-I neurons in the rat SC receive retinal input onto the distal portions of their dendrites.
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appearance of substance p like immunoreactive neurons in the rat superior colliculus after neonatal Eye Enucleation
Developmental Brain Research, 1990Co-Authors: Koichi Takatsuji, Josejavier Miguelhidalgo, Satoshi Hagihira, Masaya TohyamaAbstract:Abstract The possibility that Eye Enucleation within one day after birth has an effect on the postnatal development of substance P (SP)-like-immunoreactive (SP-I) structures in the superior colliculus (SC) was investigated in the rat. Results were compared with those in animals enucleated at postnatal day 15. All the animals were allowed to survive until postnatal day 90, after which changes in SP-I neurons and fibers were identified immunohistochemically. In colchicine-treated rats, the most remarkable changes occurred in SP-I neurons following Eye Enucleation at birth; large numbers of SP-I neurons appeared in the ventral part of the stratum griseum superficiale (SGS), stratum opticum (SO) and stratum griseum intermediale (SGI) of the deafferentated SC. SP-I neurons did not appear in these layers, when deafferentation of the SC was carried out in rats at postnatal day 15. These findings suggest strongly that Eye Enucleation at birth affects the production of SP of neurons in the ventral part of the SGS, SO and SGI at the deafferentated SC. The appearance of SP-I neurons in the neonatal Eye Enucleation may be due, at least partially, to reorganization of another neuronal system in the SC.
J D M Perkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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transpalpebral Eye Enucleation in 40 standing horses
Veterinary Surgery, 2008Co-Authors: P J Pollock, Tom Russell, Thomas K Hughes, Michael R Archer, J D M PerkinsAbstract:Objective - To report a technique for Eye Enucleation in standing sedated horses and to report outcome in 40 horses.
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Transpalpebral Eye Enucleation in 40 Standing Horses
Veterinary Surgery, 2008Co-Authors: P J Pollock, Tom Russell, Thomas K Hughes, Michael R Archer, J D M PerkinsAbstract:Objective— To report a technique for Eye Enucleation in standing sedated horses and to report outcome in 40 horses. Study Design— Retrospective study. Animals— Horses (n=40) requiring Eye Enucleation. Methods— The Eye was enucleated using a transpalpebral technique in 40 horses restrained in stocks and sedated. Anesthesia of orbital structures was provided by local nerve blocks and infiltration of the surgical site with local anesthetic solution. Results— Affected Eyes were successfully enucleated with the horse standing. Short-term complications included moderate swelling (5 horses) and wound discharge (1). Long-term complications were not observed. Conclusions— A diseased Eye can be safely enucleated with a horse standing. Clinical Relevance— Enucleating an equine Eye in the standing position eliminates the risks and costs of general anesthesia.
