The Experts below are selected from a list of 288 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Ciro Costagliola - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ocular tropism of coronavirus covs a comparison of the interaction between the animal to human transmitted coronaviruses sars cov 1 sars cov 2 mers cov cov 229e nl63 oc43 hku1 and the Eye
International Ophthalmology, 2021Co-Authors: Eman M Alsharif, Diego Strianese, Nada H Almadhi, Antonella Daponte, Roberto Dellomo, Rita Di Benedetto, Ciro CostagliolaAbstract:Purpose Several studies have reported conflicting results on ocular manifestations and transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) whose causative virus, SARS-CoV-2, belongs to the coronavirus family, the seventh recognized as a human pathogen and the third causing a severe clinical syndrome. COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, similar to the other human coronaviruses. Comparing the relation between the animal-to-human transmitted coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-Cov-2, MERS-CoV, CoV-229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1) and the Eye may contribute to determining their actual Eye-Tissue tropism and risk of ocular transmission. Methods Literature review was conducted via Pubmed.gov, Google Scholar and medRixv using the following keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, CoV-229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, conjunctivitis, tear swab, ocular expression, ocular symptoms and human angiotensin converting enzyme-2 expression. Studies with lack in methodology were excluded. Results Sixteen observational studies were selected. The range for detection of viral RNA in tears was 0-8% for SARS-CoV-1 and 0-5.3% for SARS-CoV-2, while no reports were found for other coronaviruses. Ocular manifestations have been reported for NL63 and SARS-CoV-2. Ocular symptoms in the form of conjunctivitis/conjunctival congestion predominantly were detected in 65 (3.17%) out of 2048 reported patients with COVID-19 (range of 0.8-32%). Eye symptoms were not reported for the other coronaviruses. Conclusions Data aggregation for coronaviruses shows a relatively low Eye-Tissue tropism. Conjunctival congestion is an uncommon manifestation of COVID-19 similar to all human coronaviruses' infections. In a low percentage of patients, the virus can be excreted in ocular fluids at different stages of the infection, regardless of positive SARS-Cov-2 throat swab. Albeit high viral loads in ocular Tissue seem to have relatively low prevalence, the Eye should be regarded as a potential source of infection dissemination for COVID-19.
Eman M Alsharif - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ocular tropism of coronavirus covs a comparison of the interaction between the animal to human transmitted coronaviruses sars cov 1 sars cov 2 mers cov cov 229e nl63 oc43 hku1 and the Eye
International Ophthalmology, 2021Co-Authors: Eman M Alsharif, Diego Strianese, Nada H Almadhi, Antonella Daponte, Roberto Dellomo, Rita Di Benedetto, Ciro CostagliolaAbstract:Purpose Several studies have reported conflicting results on ocular manifestations and transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) whose causative virus, SARS-CoV-2, belongs to the coronavirus family, the seventh recognized as a human pathogen and the third causing a severe clinical syndrome. COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, similar to the other human coronaviruses. Comparing the relation between the animal-to-human transmitted coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-Cov-2, MERS-CoV, CoV-229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1) and the Eye may contribute to determining their actual Eye-Tissue tropism and risk of ocular transmission. Methods Literature review was conducted via Pubmed.gov, Google Scholar and medRixv using the following keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, CoV-229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, conjunctivitis, tear swab, ocular expression, ocular symptoms and human angiotensin converting enzyme-2 expression. Studies with lack in methodology were excluded. Results Sixteen observational studies were selected. The range for detection of viral RNA in tears was 0-8% for SARS-CoV-1 and 0-5.3% for SARS-CoV-2, while no reports were found for other coronaviruses. Ocular manifestations have been reported for NL63 and SARS-CoV-2. Ocular symptoms in the form of conjunctivitis/conjunctival congestion predominantly were detected in 65 (3.17%) out of 2048 reported patients with COVID-19 (range of 0.8-32%). Eye symptoms were not reported for the other coronaviruses. Conclusions Data aggregation for coronaviruses shows a relatively low Eye-Tissue tropism. Conjunctival congestion is an uncommon manifestation of COVID-19 similar to all human coronaviruses' infections. In a low percentage of patients, the virus can be excreted in ocular fluids at different stages of the infection, regardless of positive SARS-Cov-2 throat swab. Albeit high viral loads in ocular Tissue seem to have relatively low prevalence, the Eye should be regarded as a potential source of infection dissemination for COVID-19.
Petr Koranda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Near- and mid-infrared laser radiation interaction with Eye Tissue
Applied Physics A, 2008Co-Authors: Helena Jelínková, Jiri Pasta, Michal Němec, Jan Šulc, Petr KorandaAbstract:Comparison of the Eye Tissue transmission for laser radiations with the wavelengths 0.75, 1.08, 1.34, 1.44, 1.54, 1.66, 2.01, 2.69, and 2.94 μm was made with the aim to understand the possible Tissue injury by the particular light. From the step by step transmission measurements of the various human Eye Tissues (in vitro) it was recognized that the value of the transmitted energy in particular segments is different for various wavelengths yielding substantial fluence differences on the retina and anterior segments, mainly.
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Anterior Eye Tissue transmission for the radiation with the wavelength from Eye safe region
Laser Physics Letters, 2005Co-Authors: Helena Jelínková, Jiri Pasta, Michal Němec, Jan Šulc, Petr KorandaAbstract:Comparison of the Eye Tissue transmission for six laser radiations from visible up to mid- infrared region was done. The attenuation of the alexandrite (visible 0.75 μm), and Nd:YAP (near infrared 1.08 μm) laser radiations was found to be minimal – a retina reachs ~46% energy of these lasers entering the Eye. On the other side the radiations of 1.54 μm (Er:glass), 1.66 μm (Er:YAP), and 2.01 μm (Tm:YAG) lasers are absorbed by the anterior segments of the Eye and no impact is appeared on the retina. The absorption values measured for 1.34 μm (Nd:YAP) was recorded to be between the curves obtained for two groups of radiation wavelengths mentioned above. On retina, only 0.5% of the cornea radiation level was found. In this case the anterior parts of the Eye are affected partially but not so deeply as in the case of Eye safe radiation application.
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Near infrared Nd:YAP laser radiation transmission through the human Eye Tissue structure
Ophthalmic Technologies XIV, 2004Co-Authors: Helena Jelinkov, Jiri Pasta, Jan Šulc, Petr Koranda, Michal Nemec, Petr HrabalAbstract:Comparison of the Eye Tissue transmission for two (1.08 μm and 1.34 μm) Nd:YAP laser wavelengths was done. The lasers were working in pulsed free-running regime. The interaction energy of ~100 mJ and spot diameter of 5 mm was used for both wavelengths yielding in the radiation fluence ~0.51 J/cm 2 (8500 W/cm 2 ). From the step by step transmission measurement of the human Eye globe layers (in vitro) was recognized that the value of the absorbed energy in particular segments was different for monitoring wavelengths yielding in the two orders fluence difference on the retina. From the results follows that the 1.34 μm radiation is absorbed mainly by the first segments of the Eye in contrast to 1.08 μm for which the main part of the radiation going through all Eye layers.
Nozomu Takata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Data describing Rax positive optic-vesicle generation from mouse embryonic stem cells in vitro
Data in brief, 2016Co-Authors: Nozomu Takata, Mototsugu Eiraku, Eriko SakakuraAbstract:This article contains data related to the research article entitled “Specification of embryonic stem cell-derived Tissues into Eye fields by Wnt signaling using rostral diencephalic Tissue-inducing culture” Sakakura (2016) [1]. Mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) were used for the generation of optic vesicle-like Tissues in vitro. In this article we described data in which a Rax::GFP knock-in ESC line was used to monitor the formation of optic Tissues. In addition, we also described the data of regional marker expression of Rax, Sox2 and Pax6 in vivo around the forebrain and the Eye Tissues for comparative purposes. These data can be valuable to researchers interested in investigating forebrain and Eye Tissue development.
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Specification of embryonic stem cell-derived Tissues into Eye fields by Wnt signaling using rostral diencephalic Tissue-inducing culture.
Mechanisms of development, 2016Co-Authors: Eriko Sakakura, Mototsugu Eiraku, Nozomu TakataAbstract:Abstract The Eyes are subdivided from the rostral diencephalon in early development. How the neuroectoderm regulates this subdivision, however, is largely unknown. Taking advantage of embryonic stem cell (ESC) culture using a Rax reporter line to monitor rostral diencephalon formation, we found that ESC-derived Tissues at day 7 grown in Glasgow Minimum Expression Media (GMEM) containing knockout serum replacement (KSR) exhibited higher levels of expression of axin2 , a Wnt target gene, than those grown in chemically defined medium (CDM). Surprisingly, Wnt agonist facilitated Eye field-like Tissue specification in CDM. In contrast, the addition of Wnt antagonist diminished Eye field Tissue formation in GMEM + KSR. Furthermore, the morphological formation of the Eye Tissue anlage, including the optic vesicle, was accompanied by Wnt signaling activation. Additionally, using CDM culture, we developed an efficient method for generating Rax +/Chx10 + retinal progenitors, which could become fully stratified retina. Here we provide a new avenue for exploring the mechanisms of Eye field specification in vitro .
Diego Strianese - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ocular tropism of coronavirus covs a comparison of the interaction between the animal to human transmitted coronaviruses sars cov 1 sars cov 2 mers cov cov 229e nl63 oc43 hku1 and the Eye
International Ophthalmology, 2021Co-Authors: Eman M Alsharif, Diego Strianese, Nada H Almadhi, Antonella Daponte, Roberto Dellomo, Rita Di Benedetto, Ciro CostagliolaAbstract:Purpose Several studies have reported conflicting results on ocular manifestations and transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) whose causative virus, SARS-CoV-2, belongs to the coronavirus family, the seventh recognized as a human pathogen and the third causing a severe clinical syndrome. COVID-19 primarily affects the lungs, similar to the other human coronaviruses. Comparing the relation between the animal-to-human transmitted coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-1, SARS-Cov-2, MERS-CoV, CoV-229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1) and the Eye may contribute to determining their actual Eye-Tissue tropism and risk of ocular transmission. Methods Literature review was conducted via Pubmed.gov, Google Scholar and medRixv using the following keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, MERS-CoV, CoV-229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1, conjunctivitis, tear swab, ocular expression, ocular symptoms and human angiotensin converting enzyme-2 expression. Studies with lack in methodology were excluded. Results Sixteen observational studies were selected. The range for detection of viral RNA in tears was 0-8% for SARS-CoV-1 and 0-5.3% for SARS-CoV-2, while no reports were found for other coronaviruses. Ocular manifestations have been reported for NL63 and SARS-CoV-2. Ocular symptoms in the form of conjunctivitis/conjunctival congestion predominantly were detected in 65 (3.17%) out of 2048 reported patients with COVID-19 (range of 0.8-32%). Eye symptoms were not reported for the other coronaviruses. Conclusions Data aggregation for coronaviruses shows a relatively low Eye-Tissue tropism. Conjunctival congestion is an uncommon manifestation of COVID-19 similar to all human coronaviruses' infections. In a low percentage of patients, the virus can be excreted in ocular fluids at different stages of the infection, regardless of positive SARS-Cov-2 throat swab. Albeit high viral loads in ocular Tissue seem to have relatively low prevalence, the Eye should be regarded as a potential source of infection dissemination for COVID-19.
