The Experts below are selected from a list of 114831 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Fethi Amri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ICT, total Factor Productivity, and carbon dioxide emissions in Tunisia
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2019Co-Authors: Fethi Amri, Younes Ben Zaied, Béchir Ben LahouelAbstract:This paper examines the linkage between carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, total Factor Productivity (TFP) as a measure of income, and information and communication technologies (ICT) in Tunisia from 1975 to 2014. To empirically investigate this relationship, the autoregressive distributed delay (ARDL) with the break point method is specified and estimated. The results demonstrate the rejection of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis by obtaining a higher value of the long-term total Factor Productivity (TFP) coefficient compared the short term one. Moreover, the result indicates an insignificant impact of ICT on CO2 emissions as a measure of pollution. As a result, Tunisian policy makers should not only enhance their total Factor Productivity but also expand their information and communication technology.
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Carbon dioxide emissions, total Factor Productivity, ICT, trade, financial development, and energy consumption: testing environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for Tunisia
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018Co-Authors: Fethi AmriAbstract:The main objective of this study is to examine the linkage between CO_2 emissions, total Factor Productivity as a measure of income, information and communication technology (ICT), trade, financial development, and energy consumption in Tunisia from 1975 to 2014. To achieve this goal, the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) with the break point method is performed. The results demonstrate the rejection of the Kuznets environmental curve (EKC) hypothesis by obtaining a higher value of the long-term total Factor Productivity parameter compared to the short-term one. Moreover, our result shows an insignificant impact of ICT on CO_2 emissions as a measure of pollution. In addition, trade, financial development, and energy consumption affect negatively the environmental quality. As a result, Tunisian policymakers should enhance the total Factor Productivity, expand the information and communication technology, further develop the financial sector, enhance the share of renewable energy consumption, and reduce the energy consumption resulting in import and export goods. These goals will be achieved by improving Tunisia’s technological and innovation capacity, enhancing the use of ICT in transport, building, and industry sectors considered as the most pollutant ones, and creating renewable energy projects.
Linhong Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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spatial temporal characteristics of agriculture green total Factor Productivity in china 1998 2016 based on more sophisticated calculations of carbon emissions
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019Co-Authors: Xiuquan Huang, Jun Huang, Xin Gao, Linhong ChenAbstract:Environmental costs should be taken into account when measuring the achievements of China's agricultural development, since the long-term extensive development of agriculture has caused huge environmental pollution. This study took agricultural carbon emissions as an undesired output to estimate the agricultural development efficiency in 31 provinces of China from 1998 to 2016, based on the green total Factor Productivity, as assessed by the slacks-based measure directional distance function and constructing the global Malmquist-Luenberger index. We measured agricultural carbon emissions in terms of five aspects: agricultural materials, rice planting, soil, livestock and poultry farming, and straw burning, and then compared the green total Factor Productivity index and the total Factor Productivity index. The study came to the following conclusions: (1) the green technology efficiency change was smaller than the technology efficiency change at first, but the gap between them is narrowing with time, such that the former is now larger than the latter; (2) the green technology efficiency was in a declining state and the green technology progress was increasing, promoting the green total Factor Productivity growth, from 1998 to 2016; and (3) China's agricultural green total Factor Productivity increased by 4.2% annually in the east, 3.4% annually in the central region, and 2.5% annually in the west.
Mukti P. Upadhyay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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total Factor Productivity human capital and outward orientation differences by stage of ddevelopment and geographic regions
2002Co-Authors: Stephen M. Miller, Mukti P. UpadhyayAbstract:Do openness and human capital accumulation promote economic growth? While intuition argues yes, the existing empirical evidence provides mixed support for such assertions. We examine Cobb-Douglas production function specifications for a 30-year panel of 83 countries representing all regions of the world and all income groups. We estimate and compare labor and capital elasticities of output per worker across each of several income and geographic groups, finding significant differences in production technology. Then we estimate the total Factor Productivity series for each classification. Using determinants of total Factor Productivity that include, among many others, human capital, openness, and distortion of domestic prices relative to world prices, we find significant differences in results between the overall sample and sub-samples of countries. In particular, a policy of outward orientation may or may not promote growth in specific country groups. even if geared to reducing price distortion and increasing openness. Human capital plays a smaller role in enhancing growth through total Factor Productivity.
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total Factor Productivity human capital and outward orientation differences by stage of ddevelopment and geographic regions
Research Papers in Economics, 2002Co-Authors: Stephen M. Miller, Mukti P. UpadhyayAbstract:Do openness and human capital accumulation promote economic growth? While intuition argues yes, the existing empirical evidence provides mixed support for such assertions. We examine Cobb-Douglas production function specifications for a 30-year panel of 83 countries representing all regions of the world and all income groups. We estimate and compare labor and capital elasticities of output per worker across each of several income and geographic groups, finding significant differences in production technology. Then we estimate the total Factor Productivity series for each classification. Using determinants of total Factor Productivity that include, among many others, human capital, openness, and distortion of domestic prices relative to world prices, we find significant differences in results between the overall sample and sub-samples of countries. In particular, a policy of outward orientation may or may not promote growth in specific country groups, even if geared to reducing price distortion and increasing openness. Human capital plays a smaller role in enhancing growth through total Factor Productivity. JEL Code: F43, O47
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Total Factor Productivity and the convergence hypothesis
Journal of Macroeconomics, 2002Co-Authors: Stephen M. Miller, Mukti P. UpadhyayAbstract:We study the convergence, or lack thereof, of total Factor Productivity and real GDP per worker for a pooled (cross-section, time-series) sample of developed and developing countries, adding breadth and depth to the convergence debate. We first estimate total Factor Productivity from a parsimonious specification of the aggregate production function involving output per worker, capital per worker, and the labor force, both with and without the stock of human capital. Then we test for absolute and conditional convergence of total Factor Productivity and real GDP per worker, using cross-section and cross-section, time-series data. Fixed-effect estimates across countries convert the cross-section test of absolute convergence into a pooled test of conditional convergence, since it controls for country-specific effects. Our tests consider both B- and O-convergence. Our findings support both absolute and conditional B-convergence of total Factor Productivity, but only conditional convergence of real GDP per worker. Further, O-convergence tests must by definition measure absolute convergence, since conditional convergence assumes that an equilibrium dispersion of total Factor Productivity or real GDP per worker exists. We find mixed evidence for absolute O-convergence.
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the effects of openness trade orientation and human capital on total Factor Productivity
Journal of Development Economics, 2000Co-Authors: Stephen M. Miller, Mukti P. UpadhyayAbstract:Abstract We study the effects of openness, trade orientation, and human capital on total Factor Productivity for a pooled sample of developed and developing countries. Total Factor Productivity emerges from a parsimonious specification of the aggregate production function. Potential determinants of total Factor Productivity include measures of openness, trade orientation, and human capital. Higher openness benefits total Factor Productivity. Outward-oriented countries experience higher total Factor Productivity, over and above the positive effect of openness. Human capital generally contributes positively to total Factor Productivity. In poor countries, however, human capital interacts with openness to achieve a positive effect.
John B Braden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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total Factor Productivity and the environmental kuznets curve
Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, 2005Co-Authors: Ariaster B Chimeli, John B BradenAbstract:Abstract Empirical studies support the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis (EKC) for some pollutants—as income increases pollution increases, reaches a peak and eventually decreases. While relying mostly on cross-sectional data, the interpretations assert that the EKC is a by-product of economic growth over time. In doing so, and in neglecting the role of important country-specific characteristics, these studies overlook potential econometric problems and introduce policy misconceptions. Differences in total Factor Productivity (TFPs) account for much of the variation in income across countries, with important implications for environmental quality. We develop a theoretical model where different TFPs produce a cross-sectional EKC, even if the dynamic path of environmental quality to its steady-state in individual countries suggest otherwise. The cross-sectional EKC depends on diminishing returns to scale in environmental protection, on the curvatures of the utility function with respect to consumption and of the environmental protection function, and the elasticities of steady-state consumption and environmental expenditures with respect to variation in TFPs.
Martin Reismann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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knowledge spillovers and total Factor Productivity evidence using a spatial panel data model
Geographical Analysis, 2009Co-Authors: Manfred M Fischer, Thomas Scherngell, Martin ReismannAbstract:This paper investigates the impact of knowledge capital stocks on total Factor Productivity through the lens of the knowledge capital model proposed by Griliches (1979), augmented with a spatially discounted cross-region knowledge spillover pool variable. The objective is to shift attention from firms and industries to regions and to estimate the impact of cross-region knowledge spillovers on total Factor Productivity (TFP) in Europe. The dependent variable is the region-level TFP, measured in terms of the superlative TFP index suggested by Caves, Christensen and Diewert (1982). This index describes how efficiently each region transforms physical capital and labour into output. The explanatory variables are internal and out-of-region stocks of knowledge, the latter capturing the contribution of cross-region knowledge spillovers. We construct patent stocks to proxy regional knowledge capital stocks for N=203 regions over the 1997- 2002 time period. In estimating the effects we implement a spatial panel data model that controls for the spatial autocorrelation due to neighbouring regions and the individual heterogeneity across regions. The findings provide a fairly remarkable confirmation of the role of knowledge capital contributing to Productivity differences among regions, and add an important spatial dimension to the discussion, by showing that Productivity effects of knowledge spillovers increase with geographic proximity.
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knowledge spillovers and total Factor Productivity evidence using a spatial panel data model
Geographical Analysis, 2009Co-Authors: Manfred M Fischer, Thomas Scherngell, Martin ReismannAbstract:This paper investigates the impact of knowledge capital stocks on total Factor Productivity through the lens of the knowledge capital model proposed by Griliches (1979), augmented with a spatially discounted cross-region knowledge spillover pool variable. The objective is to shift attention from firms and industries to regions and to estimate the impact of cross-region knowledge spillovers on total Factor Productivity (TFP) in Europe. The dependent variable is the region-level TFP, measured in terms of the superlative TFP index suggested by Caves, Christensen and Diewert (1982). This index describes how efficiently each region transforms physical capital and labour into output. The explanatory variables are internal and out-of-region stocks of knowledge, the latter capturing the contribution of cross-region knowledge spillovers. We construct patent stocks to proxy regional knowledge capital stocks for N=203 regions over the 1997- 2002 time period. In estimating the effects we implement a spatial panel data model that controls for the spatial autocorrelation due to neighbouring regions and the individual heterogeneity across regions. The findings provide a fairly remarkable confirmation of the role of knowledge capital contributing to Productivity differences among regions, and add an important spatial dimension to the discussion, by showing that Productivity effects of knowledge spillovers increase with geographic proximity.
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knowledge spillovers and total Factor Productivity evidence using a spatial panel data model
MPRA Paper, 2008Co-Authors: Manfred M Fischer, Thomas Scherngell, Martin ReismannAbstract:This paper investigates the impact of knowledge capital stocks on total Factor Productivity through the lens of the knowledge capital model proposed by Griliches (1979), augmented with a spatially discounted cross-region knowledge spillover pool variable. The objective is to shift attention from firms and industries to regions and to estimate the impact of cross-region knowledge spillovers on total Factor Productivity (TFP) in Europe. The dependent variable is the region-level TFP, measured in terms of the superlative TFP index suggested by Caves, Christensen and Diewert (1982). This index describes how efficiently each region transforms physical capital and labour into output. The explanatory variables are internal and out-of-region stocks of knowledge, the latter capturing the contribution of cross-region knowledge spillovers. We construct patent stocks to proxy regional knowledge capital stocks for N=203 regions over the 1997- 2002 time period. In estimating the effects we implement a spatial panel data model that controls for the spatial autocorrelation due to neighbouring regions and the individual heterogeneity across regions. The findings provide a fairly remarkable confirmation of the role of knowledge capital contributing to Productivity differences among regions, and add an important spatial dimension to the discussion, by showing that Productivity
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knowledge spillovers and total Factor Productivity evidence using a spatial panel data model
MPRA Paper, 2008Co-Authors: Manfred M Fischer, Thomas Scherngell, Martin ReismannAbstract:This paper investigates the impact of knowledge capital stocks on total Factor Productivity through the lens of the knowledge capital model proposed by Griliches (1979), augmented with a spatially discounted cross-region knowledge spillover pool variable. The objective is to shift attention from firms and industries to regions and to estimate the impact of cross-region knowledge spillovers on total Factor Productivity (TFP) in Europe. The dependent variable is the region-level TFP, measured in terms of the superlative TFP index suggested by Caves, Christensen and Diewert (1982). This index describes how efficiently each region transforms physical capital and labour into output. The explanatory variables are internal and out-of-region stocks of knowledge, the latter capturing the contribution of cross-region knowledge spillovers. We construct patent stocks to proxy regional knowledge capital stocks for N=203 regions over the 1997- 2002 time period. In estimating the effects we implement a spatial panel data model that controls for the spatial autocorrelation due to neighbouring regions and the individual heterogeneity across regions. The findings provide a fairly remarkable confirmation of the role of knowledge capital contributing to Productivity differences among regions, and add an important spatial dimension to the discussion, by showing that Productivity
