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Pablo D Zavattieri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a grain level model for the study of Failure Initiation and evolution in polycrystalline brittle materials part ii numerical examples
Mechanics of Materials, 2003Co-Authors: Horacio D Espinosa, Pablo D ZavattieriAbstract:Abstract Numerical aspects of the grain level micromechanical model presented in part I are discussed in this study. They include, an examination of solution convergence in the context of cohesive elements used as an approach to model crack Initiation and propagation; performance of parametric studies to assess the role of grain boundary strength and toughness, and their stochasticity, on damage Initiation and evolution. Simulations of wave propagation experiments, performed on alumina, are used to illustrate the capabilities of the model in the framework of experimental measurements. The solution convergence studies show that when the length of the cohesive elements is smaller than the cohesive zone size and when the initial slope of the traction-separation cohesive law is properly chosen, the predictions concerning microcrack Initiation and evolution are mesh independent. Other features examined in the simulations were the effect of initial stresses and defects resulting from the material manufacturing process. Also described are conditions on the selection of the representative volume element size, as a function of ceramic properties, to capture the proper distance between crack Initiation sites. Crack branching is predicted in the case of strong ceramics and sufficient distance between nucleation sites. Rate effects in the extension of microcracks were studied in the context of damage kinetics and fragmentation patterns. The simulations show that crack speed can be significantly varied in the presence of rate effects and as a result crack diffusion by nucleation of multiple sites achieved. This paper illustrates the utilization of grain level models to predict material constitutive behavior in the presence, or absence, of initial defects resulting from material manufacturing. Likewise, these models can be employed in the design of novel heterogeneous materials with hierarchical microstructures, multi-phases and/or layers.
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a grain level model for the study of Failure Initiation and evolution in polycrystalline brittle materials part i theory and numerical implementation
Mechanics of Materials, 2003Co-Authors: Horacio D Espinosa, Pablo D ZavattieriAbstract:Abstract A model is presented to analyze material microstructures subjected to quasi-static and dynamic loading. A representative volume element (RVE) composed of a set of grains is analyzed with special consideration to the size distribution, morphology, chemical phases, and presence and location of initial defects. Stochastic effects are considered in relation to grain boundary strength and toughness. Thermo-mechanical coupling is included in the model so that the evolution of stress induced microcracking, from the material fabrication stage, can be captured. Intergranular cracking is modeled by means of interface cohesive laws motivated by the physics of breaking of atomic bonds or grain boundary sliding by atomic diffusion. Several cohesive laws are presented and their advantages in numerical simulations are discussed. In particular, cohesive laws simulating grain boundary cracking and sliding, or shearing, are proposed. The equations governing the problem, as well as their computer implementation, are presented with special emphasis on selection of cohesive law parameters and time step used in the integration procedure. This feature is very important to avoid spurious effects, such as the addition of artificial flexibility in the computational cell. We illustrate this feature through simulations of alumina microstructures reported in part II of this work. A technique for quantifying microcrack density, which can be used in the formulation of continuum micromechanical models, is addressed in this analysis. The density is assessed spatially and temporally to account for damage anisotropy and evolution. Although this feature has not been fully exploited yet, with the continuous development of cheaper and more powerful parallel computers, the model is expected to be particularly relevant to those interested in developing new heterogeneous materials and their constitutive modeling. Stochastic effects and other material design variables, although difficult and expensive to obtain experimentally, will be easily assessed numerically by Monte Carlo grain level simulations. In particular, extension to three-dimensional simulations of RVEs will become feasible.
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a grain level model for the study of Failure Initiation and evolution in polycrystalline brittle materials part i theory and numerical implementation
Mechanics of Materials, 2003Co-Authors: Horacio D Espinosa, Pablo D ZavattieriAbstract:Abstract A model is presented to analyze material microstructures subjected to quasi-static and dynamic loading. A representative volume element (RVE) composed of a set of grains is analyzed with special consideration to the size distribution, morphology, chemical phases, and presence and location of initial defects. Stochastic effects are considered in relation to grain boundary strength and toughness. Thermo-mechanical coupling is included in the model so that the evolution of stress induced microcracking, from the material fabrication stage, can be captured. Intergranular cracking is modeled by means of interface cohesive laws motivated by the physics of breaking of atomic bonds or grain boundary sliding by atomic diffusion. Several cohesive laws are presented and their advantages in numerical simulations are discussed. In particular, cohesive laws simulating grain boundary cracking and sliding, or shearing, are proposed. The equations governing the problem, as well as their computer implementation, are presented with special emphasis on selection of cohesive law parameters and time step used in the integration procedure. This feature is very important to avoid spurious effects, such as the addition of artificial flexibility in the computational cell. We illustrate this feature through simulations of alumina microstructures reported in part II of this work. A technique for quantifying microcrack density, which can be used in the formulation of continuum micromechanical models, is addressed in this analysis. The density is assessed spatially and temporally to account for damage anisotropy and evolution. Although this feature has not been fully exploited yet, with the continuous development of cheaper and more powerful parallel computers, the model is expected to be particularly relevant to those interested in developing new heterogeneous materials and their constitutive modeling. Stochastic effects and other material design variables, although difficult and expensive to obtain experimentally, will be easily assessed numerically by Monte Carlo grain level simulations. In particular, extension to three-dimensional simulations of RVEs will become feasible.
Zohar Yosibash - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Failure Initiation at V-notch tips in quasi-brittle materials
International Journal of Solids and Structures, 2017Co-Authors: Dominique Leguillon, Zohar YosibashAbstract:At V-notched tips in specimens made of quasi-brittle materials a small damaged or plastic zone is evident that cannot not be neglected in terms of dissipated energy and stress state, although it is small. Herein, to predict the Failure Initiation at the notch tip, we extend the finite fracture mechanics (FFM) coupled criterion, which requires a simultaneously fulfillment of an energy and a stress criteria. In the small damaged zone, a damage model is introduced so to decrease the effective Young's modulus in a power law in terms of the distance to the notch tip in such a way that the stress field remains bounded. It seems particularly suited to quasi-brittle materials, since no diffuse damage can occur. This damage zone is coupled to the FFM criterion to provide the necessary condition for Failure Initiation. Under the assumption that the damaged zone and the virtual crack extension are small, matched asymptotic expansions are used. It is shown that the damaged zone grows first, proportionally to the square of the applied load and then, above a threshold, a virtual crack of a given length simultaneously satisfies the energy and stress criteria, and Failure occurs. The approach allows taking into account varying tensile strength and material toughness in the damaged zone, as may reasonably be expected. Moreover, it is shown that the same coupled stress-energy criterion can directly be applied to quasi-brittle materials by appropriately using the actual material toughness as measured on a cracked specimen.
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a 3 d Failure Initiation criterion from a sharp v notch edge in elastic brittle structures
European Journal of Mechanics A-solids, 2016Co-Authors: Zohar Yosibash, Brigit MittelmanAbstract:Abstract A three-dimensional Failure Initiation criterion in brittle materials containing a sharp V-notch is presented and validated by experiments. It is based on simultaneous fulfilment of the stress requirement and a finite fracture mechanics energy release rate (ERR) requirement. Since the ERR cannot determine Failure Initiation direction for dominant mode III loading, the Failure Initiation orientation is determined solely by stress considerations and the force at fracture is determined by both ERR and stress requirements. Experiments on PMMA, Graphite and Macor V-notched specimens loaded by three modes demonstrated that predicted fracture load was mostly within 6.5% (RMS) of experimental values.
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energy release rate cannot predict crack Initiation orientation in domains with a sharp v notch under mode iii loading
Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 2015Co-Authors: Brigit Mittelman, Zohar YosibashAbstract:Abstract The energy release rate (ERR) proposed by Irwin based on a theory by Griffith (1920) and Irwin (1957) has been extensively used as a fracture criterion in 2D for brittle domains. Under in-plane mixed mode loading (modes I+II), the direction of crack Initiation from cracks and sharp V-notches was determined by the orientation at which the ERR attains its maximum. Using the newly developed asymptotic expansion presented in Mittelman (2014) verified by direct results from finite element analyses we demonstrate that the ERR under mode III cannot predict the fracture Initiation direction correctly. The ERR maximum value is always obtained along the V-notch bisector, contrary to experimental observations. This forbids the ERR to be applied as a Failure Initiation criterion in cases where mode III is dominant.
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singularities in elliptic boundary value problems and elasticity and their connection with Failure Initiation
2012Co-Authors: Zohar YosibashAbstract:Preface.- Introduction.-An Introduction to the p- and hp-versions of the Finite Element Method.-Eigen-pairs Computation for Two-Dimensional Heat Conduction Singularities.-Computation of GFIFs for Two-Dimensional Heat Conduction Problems.-Eigen-pairs for two-dimensional elasticity.-Computing Generalized Stress Intensity Factors.-Thermal Generalized Stress Intensity Factors in 2-D Domains.-Failure Criteria for Brittle Elastic Materials.-Thermo-Mechanical Failure Criterion at the Micron Scale in Electronic Devices.-Singular solutions of the heat conduction equation in polyhedra domains.-Computation of the Edge Flux Intensity Functions associated with polyhedra domains.-Vertex singularities associated with conical points for the 3-D Laplace equation.-Edge eigen-pairs and ESIFs of 3-D elastic problems.-Summary and Open Questions.
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Failure Initiation at a blunt V-notch tip under mixed mode loading
International Journal of Fracture, 2008Co-Authors: Ethan Priel, Zohar Yosibash, Dominique LeguillonAbstract:A criterion to predict crack onset at a sharp V-notch tip in homogeneous brittle materials under a mixed-mode loading was presented and validated by experimental observations in a previous paper by the authors. This criterion slightly underestimates the experimental loads causing Failure which is attributed to a small notch tip radius that blunts the sharp corner. This discrepancy is rigorously analyzed mathematically in this paper by means of matched asymptotics involving 2 small parameters: a micro-crack increment length and the notch tip radius. A correction is brought to the initial prediction and a better agreement is obtained with experiments on PMMA notched specimens.
Ulrich Prahl - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development and application of a microstructure based approach to characterize and model Failure Initiation in dp steels using xfem
Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 2016Co-Authors: Ali Ramazani, S Schmauder, Mahmoud Abbasi, Saeed Kazemiabnavi, Ronald G Larson, Ulrich PrahlAbstract:Abstract We develop a microstructure-based model to characterize and model Failure Initiation in DP steels using an extended finite element method (XFEM) to simulate martensite cracking on the mesoscale combined with representative volume element (RVE) modeling. A mini tensile test with digital image correlation (DIC) analysis is linked to local SEM analysis to identify the local strain at which Failure is initiated. In-situ bending tests in SEM with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements before and after the test are carried out to validate that the crack initiates in the martensite islands. Empirical equations for XFEM parameters as functions of local carbon content in martensite are fit to experimental results for laboratory-annealed DP600 steels with varying martensite content. The equations are then shown to predict successfully Failure Initiation in industrially produced DP steels with various chemistries, strengths and martensite fractions.
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study the effect of martensite banding on the Failure Initiation in dual phase steel
Computational Materials Science, 2014Co-Authors: Ali Ramazani, Z Ebrahimi, Ulrich PrahlAbstract:This work aims to study the effect of martensite banding on the Failure Initiation in dual-phase (DP) steel. A microstructure based approach using representative volume elements (RVE) is utilized to evaluate the microstructure deformation and the Failure Initiation on the mesoscale. Mini tensile test with digital image correlation (DIC) analysis was carried out and linked to local scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to identify macroscopic Failure Initiation strain values. In situ analysis of bending test in SEM combined with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements before and after the test showed that crack Initiation occurs in martensite islands. Representative volume element (RVE) modeling combined with extended finite element method (XFEM) was applied to simulate martensite cracking on mesoscale. XFEM Failure parameters have been identified based on local and macroscopic mini tensile evaluation applying classical J-Integral theory. The identified parameters were validated by comparing the predictions with the experimental results.
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Characterization and Modeling of Failure Initiation in Bainite-Aided DP Steel
Advanced Engineering Materials, 2014Co-Authors: Ali Ramazani, Yuling Chang, Ulrich PrahlAbstract:This research work aims to characterize and model the Failure Initiation in bainite-aided dual-phase (DP) steel. Combined electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) measurements were applied to quantify the constituents (ferrite, martensite, and bainite) in the microstructure. Mini tensile test with digital image correlation (DIC) analysis was carried out and linked to local scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to identify macroscopic Failure Initiation strain values. SEM measurements showed that the crack Initiation occurs in martensite islands. A microstructure-based approach by means of representative volume elements (RVE) modeling combined with extended finite element method (XFEM) was utilized to model martensite cracking on mesoscale. The identified parameters were validated by comparing the predictions with the experimental results.
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Failure Initiation in Dual-Phase Steel
Key Engineering Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Ali Ramazani, Alexander Schwedt, Anke Aretz, Ulrich PrahlAbstract:This research work aims to model the Failure Initiation in dual-phase (DP) steel. A microstructure based approach by means of representative volume elements (RVE) is employed to evaluate the microstructure deformation and the Failure Initiation on the mesoscale. In order to determine cohesive parameters for martensite cracking, a two level approach has been performed experimentally. First, in-situ bending test in SEM with EBSD measurements before and after the test showed that the crack Initiation occurs in martensite islands. Then, mini tensile tests with DIC technique were carried out to identify macroscopic Failure Initiation strain values. RVE modeling combined with extended finite element method (XFEM) was utilized to model martensite cracking on mesoscale. The identified parameters were validated by comparing the predictions with the experimental results.
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Characterization and modelling of Failure Initiation in DP steel
Computational Materials Science, 2013Co-Authors: Ali Ramazani, Alexander Schwedt, Anke Aretz, Ulrich Prahl, Wolfgang BleckAbstract:This work aims to study the Failure Initiation in dual-phase (DP) steel. A microstructure based approach using representative volume elements (RVEs) is utilized to evaluate the microstructure deformation and the Failure Initiation on the mesoscale. In situ analysis of bending test in large-chamber SEM (LC-SEM) combined with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements in a conventional field-emission gun SEM (FEG-SEM) before and after the test showed that on the deflection side under plain stress condition crack Initiation occurs in martensite islands. Mini tensile test with DIC analysis was carried out and linked to local SEM analysis to identify macroscopic Failure Initiation strain values. RVE modelling combined with extended finite element method (XFEM) was applied to simulate martensite cracking on mesoscale. XFEM Failure parameters have been identified based on local and macroscopic mini tensile evaluation applying classical J-Integral theory. Validation of this approach has been performed using the in situ EBSD results of bending test in LC-SEM by comparing martensite Failure Initiation points experimentally versus RVE numerically.
Horacio D Espinosa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a grain level model for the study of Failure Initiation and evolution in polycrystalline brittle materials part ii numerical examples
Mechanics of Materials, 2003Co-Authors: Horacio D Espinosa, Pablo D ZavattieriAbstract:Abstract Numerical aspects of the grain level micromechanical model presented in part I are discussed in this study. They include, an examination of solution convergence in the context of cohesive elements used as an approach to model crack Initiation and propagation; performance of parametric studies to assess the role of grain boundary strength and toughness, and their stochasticity, on damage Initiation and evolution. Simulations of wave propagation experiments, performed on alumina, are used to illustrate the capabilities of the model in the framework of experimental measurements. The solution convergence studies show that when the length of the cohesive elements is smaller than the cohesive zone size and when the initial slope of the traction-separation cohesive law is properly chosen, the predictions concerning microcrack Initiation and evolution are mesh independent. Other features examined in the simulations were the effect of initial stresses and defects resulting from the material manufacturing process. Also described are conditions on the selection of the representative volume element size, as a function of ceramic properties, to capture the proper distance between crack Initiation sites. Crack branching is predicted in the case of strong ceramics and sufficient distance between nucleation sites. Rate effects in the extension of microcracks were studied in the context of damage kinetics and fragmentation patterns. The simulations show that crack speed can be significantly varied in the presence of rate effects and as a result crack diffusion by nucleation of multiple sites achieved. This paper illustrates the utilization of grain level models to predict material constitutive behavior in the presence, or absence, of initial defects resulting from material manufacturing. Likewise, these models can be employed in the design of novel heterogeneous materials with hierarchical microstructures, multi-phases and/or layers.
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a grain level model for the study of Failure Initiation and evolution in polycrystalline brittle materials part i theory and numerical implementation
Mechanics of Materials, 2003Co-Authors: Horacio D Espinosa, Pablo D ZavattieriAbstract:Abstract A model is presented to analyze material microstructures subjected to quasi-static and dynamic loading. A representative volume element (RVE) composed of a set of grains is analyzed with special consideration to the size distribution, morphology, chemical phases, and presence and location of initial defects. Stochastic effects are considered in relation to grain boundary strength and toughness. Thermo-mechanical coupling is included in the model so that the evolution of stress induced microcracking, from the material fabrication stage, can be captured. Intergranular cracking is modeled by means of interface cohesive laws motivated by the physics of breaking of atomic bonds or grain boundary sliding by atomic diffusion. Several cohesive laws are presented and their advantages in numerical simulations are discussed. In particular, cohesive laws simulating grain boundary cracking and sliding, or shearing, are proposed. The equations governing the problem, as well as their computer implementation, are presented with special emphasis on selection of cohesive law parameters and time step used in the integration procedure. This feature is very important to avoid spurious effects, such as the addition of artificial flexibility in the computational cell. We illustrate this feature through simulations of alumina microstructures reported in part II of this work. A technique for quantifying microcrack density, which can be used in the formulation of continuum micromechanical models, is addressed in this analysis. The density is assessed spatially and temporally to account for damage anisotropy and evolution. Although this feature has not been fully exploited yet, with the continuous development of cheaper and more powerful parallel computers, the model is expected to be particularly relevant to those interested in developing new heterogeneous materials and their constitutive modeling. Stochastic effects and other material design variables, although difficult and expensive to obtain experimentally, will be easily assessed numerically by Monte Carlo grain level simulations. In particular, extension to three-dimensional simulations of RVEs will become feasible.
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a grain level model for the study of Failure Initiation and evolution in polycrystalline brittle materials part i theory and numerical implementation
Mechanics of Materials, 2003Co-Authors: Horacio D Espinosa, Pablo D ZavattieriAbstract:Abstract A model is presented to analyze material microstructures subjected to quasi-static and dynamic loading. A representative volume element (RVE) composed of a set of grains is analyzed with special consideration to the size distribution, morphology, chemical phases, and presence and location of initial defects. Stochastic effects are considered in relation to grain boundary strength and toughness. Thermo-mechanical coupling is included in the model so that the evolution of stress induced microcracking, from the material fabrication stage, can be captured. Intergranular cracking is modeled by means of interface cohesive laws motivated by the physics of breaking of atomic bonds or grain boundary sliding by atomic diffusion. Several cohesive laws are presented and their advantages in numerical simulations are discussed. In particular, cohesive laws simulating grain boundary cracking and sliding, or shearing, are proposed. The equations governing the problem, as well as their computer implementation, are presented with special emphasis on selection of cohesive law parameters and time step used in the integration procedure. This feature is very important to avoid spurious effects, such as the addition of artificial flexibility in the computational cell. We illustrate this feature through simulations of alumina microstructures reported in part II of this work. A technique for quantifying microcrack density, which can be used in the formulation of continuum micromechanical models, is addressed in this analysis. The density is assessed spatially and temporally to account for damage anisotropy and evolution. Although this feature has not been fully exploited yet, with the continuous development of cheaper and more powerful parallel computers, the model is expected to be particularly relevant to those interested in developing new heterogeneous materials and their constitutive modeling. Stochastic effects and other material design variables, although difficult and expensive to obtain experimentally, will be easily assessed numerically by Monte Carlo grain level simulations. In particular, extension to three-dimensional simulations of RVEs will become feasible.
Ali Ramazani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development and application of a microstructure based approach to characterize and model Failure Initiation in dp steels using xfem
Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, 2016Co-Authors: Ali Ramazani, S Schmauder, Mahmoud Abbasi, Saeed Kazemiabnavi, Ronald G Larson, Ulrich PrahlAbstract:Abstract We develop a microstructure-based model to characterize and model Failure Initiation in DP steels using an extended finite element method (XFEM) to simulate martensite cracking on the mesoscale combined with representative volume element (RVE) modeling. A mini tensile test with digital image correlation (DIC) analysis is linked to local SEM analysis to identify the local strain at which Failure is initiated. In-situ bending tests in SEM with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements before and after the test are carried out to validate that the crack initiates in the martensite islands. Empirical equations for XFEM parameters as functions of local carbon content in martensite are fit to experimental results for laboratory-annealed DP600 steels with varying martensite content. The equations are then shown to predict successfully Failure Initiation in industrially produced DP steels with various chemistries, strengths and martensite fractions.
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study the effect of martensite banding on the Failure Initiation in dual phase steel
Computational Materials Science, 2014Co-Authors: Ali Ramazani, Z Ebrahimi, Ulrich PrahlAbstract:This work aims to study the effect of martensite banding on the Failure Initiation in dual-phase (DP) steel. A microstructure based approach using representative volume elements (RVE) is utilized to evaluate the microstructure deformation and the Failure Initiation on the mesoscale. Mini tensile test with digital image correlation (DIC) analysis was carried out and linked to local scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to identify macroscopic Failure Initiation strain values. In situ analysis of bending test in SEM combined with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements before and after the test showed that crack Initiation occurs in martensite islands. Representative volume element (RVE) modeling combined with extended finite element method (XFEM) was applied to simulate martensite cracking on mesoscale. XFEM Failure parameters have been identified based on local and macroscopic mini tensile evaluation applying classical J-Integral theory. The identified parameters were validated by comparing the predictions with the experimental results.
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Characterization and Modeling of Failure Initiation in Bainite-Aided DP Steel
Advanced Engineering Materials, 2014Co-Authors: Ali Ramazani, Yuling Chang, Ulrich PrahlAbstract:This research work aims to characterize and model the Failure Initiation in bainite-aided dual-phase (DP) steel. Combined electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) measurements were applied to quantify the constituents (ferrite, martensite, and bainite) in the microstructure. Mini tensile test with digital image correlation (DIC) analysis was carried out and linked to local scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to identify macroscopic Failure Initiation strain values. SEM measurements showed that the crack Initiation occurs in martensite islands. A microstructure-based approach by means of representative volume elements (RVE) modeling combined with extended finite element method (XFEM) was utilized to model martensite cracking on mesoscale. The identified parameters were validated by comparing the predictions with the experimental results.
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Failure Initiation in Dual-Phase Steel
Key Engineering Materials, 2013Co-Authors: Ali Ramazani, Alexander Schwedt, Anke Aretz, Ulrich PrahlAbstract:This research work aims to model the Failure Initiation in dual-phase (DP) steel. A microstructure based approach by means of representative volume elements (RVE) is employed to evaluate the microstructure deformation and the Failure Initiation on the mesoscale. In order to determine cohesive parameters for martensite cracking, a two level approach has been performed experimentally. First, in-situ bending test in SEM with EBSD measurements before and after the test showed that the crack Initiation occurs in martensite islands. Then, mini tensile tests with DIC technique were carried out to identify macroscopic Failure Initiation strain values. RVE modeling combined with extended finite element method (XFEM) was utilized to model martensite cracking on mesoscale. The identified parameters were validated by comparing the predictions with the experimental results.
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Characterization and modelling of Failure Initiation in DP steel
Computational Materials Science, 2013Co-Authors: Ali Ramazani, Alexander Schwedt, Anke Aretz, Ulrich Prahl, Wolfgang BleckAbstract:This work aims to study the Failure Initiation in dual-phase (DP) steel. A microstructure based approach using representative volume elements (RVEs) is utilized to evaluate the microstructure deformation and the Failure Initiation on the mesoscale. In situ analysis of bending test in large-chamber SEM (LC-SEM) combined with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements in a conventional field-emission gun SEM (FEG-SEM) before and after the test showed that on the deflection side under plain stress condition crack Initiation occurs in martensite islands. Mini tensile test with DIC analysis was carried out and linked to local SEM analysis to identify macroscopic Failure Initiation strain values. RVE modelling combined with extended finite element method (XFEM) was applied to simulate martensite cracking on mesoscale. XFEM Failure parameters have been identified based on local and macroscopic mini tensile evaluation applying classical J-Integral theory. Validation of this approach has been performed using the in situ EBSD results of bending test in LC-SEM by comparing martensite Failure Initiation points experimentally versus RVE numerically.
