The Experts below are selected from a list of 8007 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jacek M Mazurek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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pesticide use allergic rhinitis and asthma among us Farm Operators
2018Co-Authors: Girija Syamlal, Paul K Henneberger, Opal Patel, Walter A Alarcon, Jacek M MazurekAbstract:Objective: The objective of the study is to examine associations between use of specific pesticides and lifetime allergic rhinitis and current asthma in US primary Farm Operators.Methods: The 2011 ...
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lifetime allergic rhinitis prevalence among us primary Farm Operators findings from the 2011 Farm and ranch safety survey
2017Co-Authors: Jacek M Mazurek, Paul K HennebergerAbstract:Allergic rhinitis is associated with decreased quality of life, and reduced workplace performance and productivity. This study investigated the prevalence of lifetime allergic rhinitis and factors associated with allergic rhinitis among US primary Farm Operators. The 2011 Farm and Ranch Safety Survey data collected from 11,210 active Farm Operators were analyzed. Survey respondents were determined to have lifetime allergic rhinitis based on a “yes” response to the question: “Have you ever been told by a doctor, nurse, or other health professional that you had hay fever, seasonal allergies, or allergic rhinitis?” Data were weighted to produce nationally representative estimates. An estimated 30.8% of the 2.1 million active Farm Operators had lifetime allergic rhinitis in 2011. The allergic rhinitis prevalence varied by demographic and Farm characteristics. Farm Operators with allergic rhinitis were 1.38 (95% CI 1.22–1.56) times more likely to be exposed to pesticides compared with Operators with no allergic rhinitis. The association with pesticide exposure for allergic rhinitis and current asthma, and allergic rhinitis alone was statistically significant and greater than that for current asthma alone. Certain groups of Farm Operators may be at increased risk of allergic rhinitis. Studies should further investigate the association of allergic rhinitis with specific pesticide exposure.
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respirator use among us Farm Operators with asthma results from the 2011 Farm and ranch safety survey
2017Co-Authors: Megan Casey, Jacek M MazurekAbstract:ABSTRACTObjective: The purpose of this study was to estimate the national prevalence of respirator use among Farm Operators with Farm work–related asthma and factors associated with respirator use. Methods: The authors examined the 2011 Farm and Ranch Safety Survey, a national survey collected from 11,210 actively Farming Farm Operators in the United States. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPORs) of respirator use were calculated by demographic characteristics, Farm characteristics, asthma characteristics, and selected exposures and hazards. Results: Among the estimated 2.2 million Farm Operators in 2011, 35.7% reported using a respirator in the past 12 months. Respirator use was significantly (P < .05) associated with age, marital status, sex, smoking status, Farm value of sales, Farm type, Farm acreage, and geographic region. Operators who work with pesticides were 3.5 times more likely to use respirator than those who did not work with pesticides (P < .0001). Among those with current asthma, 60.8% of opera...
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Farm work related asthma among us primary Farm Operators
2015Co-Authors: Jacek M Mazurek, Gretchen E White, Chad Rodman, Patricia L SchleiffAbstract:The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of current asthma and the proportion of current asthma that is related to work on the Farm among primary Farm Operators. The 2011 Farm and Ranch Safety Survey data were used to produce estimates and prevalence odds ratios. An estimated 5.1% of Farm Operators had asthma. Of these, 15.4% had Farm work-related asthma. Among Operators with Farm work-related asthma, 54.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 41.8%–68.2%) had an asthma attack in the prior 12 months and 33.3% (95% CI: 21.2%–45.4%) had an asthma attack that occurred while doing Farm work. Of those who had an asthma attack that occurred while doing Farm work, 65.0% associated their asthma attack with plant/tree materials. This study provides updated information on asthma and the proportion of current asthma that is related to work on the Farm and identifies certain groups of Farm Operators that might benefit from workplace asthma prevention intervention.
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respirator use among us Farm Operators evidence from the 2006 Farm and ranch safety survey
2013Co-Authors: Girija Syamlal, Jacek M Mazurek, Patricia L Schleiff, Brent Doney, Mark GreskevitchAbstract:ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to estimate the national prevalence of respirator use among primary Farm Operators in the United States. The authors analyzed the 2006 Farm and Ranch Safety Survey data collected for 12,278 actively Farming primary Farm Operators. Weighted prevalence and adjusted prevalence ratios (PRs) of respirator use were calculated by Farm operator characteristics, Farm characteristics, and selected exposures/hazards. Of the estimated 2.1 million Farm Operators, 37.2% used a respirator on their Farm. Respirator use prevalence was significantly higher among Operators aged 16–34 years than those aged ≥65 years (46.9% vs. 30.0%; PR = 1.6); male than female Operators (39.0% vs. 24.4%; PR = 1.6); Operators managing crop Farms than Operators managing livestock Farms (40.9% vs. 33.7%; PR = 1.2); and Operators managing Farms with value of sales ≥$100,000 than Operators managing Farms with value of sales ≤$9999 (57.4% vs. 31.4%; PR = 1.8). Of the Operators who used a respirator, 69.9% ...
Marjorie C. Mccullagh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gender differences in use of hearing protection devices among Farm Operators
2016Co-Authors: Marjorie C. Mccullagh, Tanima Banerjee, James J Yang, Janice Bernick, Sonia A Duffy, Richard W RedmanAbstract:Purpose: Although Farm Operators have frequent exposure to hazardous noise and high rates of noise-induced hearing loss, they have low use of hearing protection devices (HPDs). Women represent about one-third of Farm Operators, and their numbers are climbing. However, among published studies examining use of HPDs in this worker group, none have examined gender-related differences. The purpose of this study was to examine gender-related differences in use of hearing protection and related predictors among Farm Operators. Materials and Methods: Data previously collected at Farm shows and by telephone were analyzed using t -tests and generalized linear model with zero inflated negative binomial (ZINB) distribution. Findings: The difference in rate of hearing protector use between men and women Farm Operators was not significant. There was no difference between men and women in most hearing protector-related attitudes and beliefs. Conclusion: Although men and women Farm Operators had similar rates of use of hearing protectors when working in high-noise environments, attitudes about HPD use differed. Specifically, interpersonal role modeling was a predictor of HPD use among women, but not for men. This difference suggests that while Farm Operators of both genders may benefit from interventions designed to reduce barriers to HPD use (e.g., difficulty communicating with co-workers and hearing warning sounds), Farm women have unique needs in relation to cognitive-perceptual factors that predict HPD use. Women Farm Operators may lack role models for use of HPDs (e.g., in peers and advertising), contributing to their less frequent use of protection.
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effects of interventions on use of hearing protectors among Farm Operators a randomized controlled trial
2016Co-Authors: Marjorie C. Mccullagh, Tanima Banerjee, Michael A Cohen, James J YangAbstract:AbstractObjective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three interventions designed to promote hearing protector device (HPD) use. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Study sample: Farm Operators (n = 491) were randomly assigned to one of five intervention groups: (1) interactive web-based information with mailed assortment of HPDs; (2) Interactive web-based information only; (3) static web-based information with mailed assortment of HPDs; (4) Static web-based information only; or (5) mailed assortment of HPDs only. Data were analysed using a mixed model approach. Results: HPD use increased among all participants, and increased more among participants receiving the mailed HPDs (with or without information) compared to participants receiving other interventions. Participants receiving the interactive web-based information had comparable increased use of HPDs to those receiving the static web-based information. Participants receiving the mailed HPDs had more positive situational i...
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Social Desirability Bias in Self-Reporting of Hearing Protector Use among Farm Operators.
2015Co-Authors: Marjorie C. Mccullagh, Marie-anne S. RosembergAbstract:Objective: The purposes of this study were (i) to examine the relationship between reported hearing protector use and social desirability bias, and (ii) to compare results of the Marlowe-Crowne social desirability instrument when administered using two different methods (i.e. online and by telephone). Methods: A shortened version of the Marlowe-Crowne social desirability instrument, as well as a selfadministered instrument measuring use of hearing protectors, was administered to 497 participants in a study of hearing protector use. The relationship between hearing protector use and social desir ability bias was examined using regression analysis. The results of two methods of administration of the Marlowe-Crowne social desirability instrument were compared using t-tests and regression analysis. Results: Reliability (using Cronbach’s alpha) for the shortened seven-item scale for this sample was 0.58. There was no evidence of a relationship between reported hearing protector use and social desir ability reporting bias, as measured by the shortened Marlowe-Crowne. The difference in results by method of administration (i.e. online, telephone) was very small. Conclusions: This is the first published study to measure social desirability bias in reporting of hearing protector use among Farmers. Findings of this study do not support the presence of social desirability bias in Farmers’ reporting of hearing protector use, lending support for the validity of self-report in hearing protector use in this population.
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protocol of a randomized controlled trial of hearing protection interventions for Farm Operators
2015Co-Authors: Marjorie C. Mccullagh, David L RonisAbstract:Background Hearing loss and tinnitus are prevalent in America, and noise-induced hearing loss is a leading cause of hearing loss. Noise-induced hearing loss has negative impact on quality of life, physical and emotional functioning, social life, and employment. In addition, noise-induced hearing loss results in heavy social and economic burdens on families and communities from all ethnic and socioeconomic groups. Farmers are a group that is particularly high risk for noise-induced hearing loss, and is underserved by programs designed to limit that risk. They are among the most noise-exposed group of workers, and experience the second highest prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss among all occupational categories. In agriculture, 1.5 million workers (43.3%) report exposure to hazardous noise. Although use of hearing protection devices (HPDs) would protect them from noise-induced hearing loss, use among Farmers is low.
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validation of a questionnaire to identify hearing loss among Farm Operators
2012Co-Authors: Marjorie C. MccullaghAbstract:Workers in certain industries (e.g., agriculture) do not participate in a hearing conservation program and rarely receive this important preventive care. The National Institute for Deafness and Communication Disorders (NIDCD) has published a questionnaire to assess a person's need for medical examination of their hearing. The use of a self-administered questionnaire may pose a simple, low cost opportunity to assess the hearing health of workers not included in a hearing conservation program. However, the validity of the NIDCD questionnaire has not been tested. A study was conducted to compare the results of audiometric screening and the NIDCD questionnaire in identifying persons at risk for hearing impairment who may benefit from a medical referral. Data were collected from 103 Farm Operators at a regional Farm show. Receiver-operator characteristic curves, measuring the ability of the questionnaire to correctly classify those with and without the disease suggested that the level of performance of the questionnaire as a whole, ranged from 0.74 to 0.69 (fair to poor). However, selected questionnaire items (e.g., Do you have to strain to understand conversations?) had moderate agreement (0.38 to 0.41) with screening audiogram results. Overall, the 10-item instrument did not perform as well as instruments with fewer items reported in separate studies. These findings suggest that, while less desirable than audiometry, alternative self-administered instruments might perform the better in this group. This approach may be useful as an alternative screening method to detect risk of hearing loss and identifying the need for medical evaluation of hearing sensitivity, particularly among Farm Operators.
Ashok K Mishra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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do Farm Operators benefit from direct to consumer marketing strategies
2014Co-Authors: Timothy A Park, Ashok K Mishra, Shawn J WozniakAbstract:Using Farm-level data this study investigates factors associated with the choice of three direct marketing strategies (DMSs). Particular attention is given to the role of management and marketing skills in selection of DMSs. Additionally, the study applies a selectivity-based approach for the multinomial logit model to assess the relationship between DMSs and the financial performance of the business. Results suggest that both management and marketing skills significantly affect direct-to-consumer sales. Farmers choosing the strategy of sales only through direct-to-consumer outlets report earnings that are significantly lower than earnings from the other marketing strategies. Marketing skills prove to be beneficial to direct-to-consumer (DTC) earnings. Finally, the selectivity correction terms in the direct sales model are significantly negative in the choice of DTC, indicating the presence of sample selection effects. Accounting for selectivity is essential to ensure unbiased and consistent estimates.
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do agricultural subsidies affect the labor allocation decision comparing parametric and semiparametric methods
2013Co-Authors: Mahesh Pandit, Keshav Prasad Paudel, Ashok K MishraAbstract:This study estimates off-Farm labor supply from Farm Operators and their spouses using two different estimation procedures and data from the 2006 Agricultural Resource Management Survey. A semiparametric model was found to be better specified to study off-Farm labor supply from Operators and spouses than the parametric model. Contrary to previous findings, results found using the semiparametric model indicate that neither direct nor indirect government payments have any impact on the off-Farm labor supply of Farm Operators. These findings indicate that existing literature may overstate the impact of Farm payments on the economic well-being of Farm households.
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succession decisions in u s family Farm businesses
2010Co-Authors: Ashok K Mishra, Hisham S Elosta, Saleem ShaikAbstract:Farm transfer or succession by the “next generation” holds a place of central importance in the determination of industry structure and total number of Farmers and has profound implications for Farm families. The family Farm sector relies heavily on intergenerational succession. Succession and retirement are linked and reflective of the life cycles of the Farm household and the Farm business. A large Farm-level data set and a logistic regression model were used to examine the determinants of Farm succession decisions in the United States, with special emphasis given to the treatment of endogenous wealth and Farm size variables. Results point to the importance of Farmer’s age, educational attainment of Farm Operators, off-Farm work by the operator or operator and spouse, expected household wealth, and Farm business location on the decision to have succession plans.
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policy reform and off Farm labor supply by Operators in the delta region a
2008Co-Authors: Ashok K Mishra, Krishna P PaudelAbstract:Off-Farm employment has been an integral part of the emerging structure of production agriculture in the South. Government Farm program payments, Farm structure, and strong non-Farm economy have important impact on labor allocation, Farm and non-Farm labor, decision of Farm Operators. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the determinants of off-Farm labor supply for Farm Operators in the Delta States. Results show that off-Farm work, educational level, presence of teenager, and Farm tenure positive and significant impact on ff-Farm labor supply by Farm Operators. On the other hand, Farm size, household wealth, decoupled and couple Farm program payments, and degree of Farm diversification have a negative and significant impact on off-Farm labor supply by Farm Operators. the semiparametreic functional formulation of the Farm size and household wealth variables were found to perform better than the linear functional form.
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Labor Supply by Farm Operators Under “Decoupled” Farm Program Payments
2004Co-Authors: Hisham S. El-osta, Ashok K Mishra, Mary C. AhearnAbstract:As part of 1996 legislation, the U.S. began paying Farmers production flexibility contract payments designed to be somewhat “decoupled” from current production decisions. In the labor-leisure model, decoupled payments would be expected to only have a wealth effect, but coupled payments would be expected to have both a substitution and a wealth effect. In this paper, the impacts of the decoupled payments and other government payments on both Farm and off-Farm labor allocations for Farm Operators are considered using data from the Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS). Results indicate that government payments tend to increase the hours Operators work on their Farm and decrease the hours they work off the Farm. This is true whether the payments come from programs which tie payments to current year production, or not.
Ayal Kimhi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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family composition and off Farm participation decisions in israeli Farm households
2004Co-Authors: Ayal KimhiAbstract:This article studies the relationship between the off-Farm participation behavior of Farm Operators and their spouses and the demographic composition of the household. We focus on Farm families without parents, siblings or partners, and examine the effects of the existence of elderly children of the Farm couple. We find that both the father and the mother tend to reduce their participation in off-Farm work as the number of elderly children rises. This result holds even after controlling for observed characteristics. We also find that the effect of elderly children stems from considerations related to both Farm production and household production.
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family composition and off Farm participation decisions in israeli Farm households
2003Co-Authors: Ayal KimhiAbstract:This paper studies the dependence of the off-Farm participation behavior of Farm Operators and their spouses on the demographic composition of the household. Specifically, we focus on Farm families without parents, siblings or partners, and examine the effects of the existence and work decisions of elderly children of the Farm couple. We find that both the father and the mother tend to reduce their participation in off-Farm work as the number of elderly children rises. This result holds even after controlling for observed characteristics. We also find that the effect of elderly children stems from considerations related to both Farm production and household production.
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off Farm work and capital accumulation decisions of Farmers over the life cycle the role of heterogeneity and state dependence
2002Co-Authors: Avner Ahituv, Ayal KimhiAbstract:This paper analyzes two principal simultaneous decisions of Farm Operators: off-Farm labor supply and Farm capital investment. We first develop a theoretical model analyzing the effects of exogenous shocks on Farmers' decisions. Then, we estimate jointly a multinomial probit model of Farmers' off-Farm labor supply and a switching regression model of Farm capital, using a two-period panel data set from Israel. This method enables to account for both unobserved heterogeneity and structural state dependence. The results demonstrate that Farm capital investments during the 1970's, which were enhanced by heavily subsidized credit, prevented Farmers from seeking off-Farm employment opportunities.
John Cranfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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off Farm labour decision of canadian Farm Operators urbanization effects and rural labour market linkages
2009Co-Authors: Alessandro Alasia, Alfons Weersink, Ray D Bollman, John CranfieldAbstract:Abstract Understanding the factors affecting off-Farm labour decisions of census-Farm Operators has significant implications for rural development and Farm income support policy. We examine the off-Farm labour decisions of Canadian Farm Operators using micro-level data from the 2001 Census of Agriculture combined with community level data from the 2001 Census of Population. While confirming some of the findings of previous research with respect to the effects of human capital and Farm characteristics on off-Farm work participation, this study shows the differential impact of those variables for Operators of smaller and larger holdings. Family, community and regional characteristics appear more relevant in determining the joint decision to work off-Farm and operate a smaller holding, compared to the decision to work off-Farm and operate a larger Farm. Results suggest that, once other factors are accounted for, proximity to urban centres does not have a positive effect on the joint decisions to participate in off-Farm work and to operate a holding. This joint decision, in fact, is more related to the dynamics of the local labour market. A major implication of these findings is that while urban centers might represent an engine of growth for overall rural income through employment opportunities for the non-Farm workforce, the non-Farm income of Farm Operators is more likely to be affected by policy initiatives that address directly the dynamics of labour markets in the community where the operator lives.
