The Experts below are selected from a list of 12249 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
L. Martinez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sero prevalence of taenia solium cysticercosis and taenia solium taeniasis in california usa
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 2005Co-Authors: Christopher M. Degiorgio, Victor C. W. Tsang, M. T. Medina, S. Astudillo, N. Padilla, P. Leyva, L. Martinez, S Pietschescueta, G Corralleyva, J NohAbstract:Objectives –Taenia solium Cysticercosis is a leading cause of epilepsy and neurological disability in the developing world. It is caused by ingestion of the eggs of the tapeworm, T. solium Taeniasis. The prevalence of either T. solium Cysticercosis or T. solium Taeniasis in the United States in populations at risk is poorly understood. The primary objectives of this study are to perform the first study of the sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in an at-risk community in the USA, specifically rural Southern California; identify T. solium Taeniasis positive individuals, and treat positive individuals for the tapeworm T. solium Taeniasis. Methods – Community based sero-prevalence study of antibodies to T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in 449 subjects living in a federally funded, predominantly Hispanic residential community; and in two migrant Farm Worker camps in rural Ventura County, California, USA. For this study, fingerstick blood samples were obtained. Serum immunoblots for both T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis were performed. Results – The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis was 1.8% and the sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis by serum immunoblot was 1.1%. Taenia solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis antibodies were not detected in children. The sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis was highest in the migrant Farm Worker community. Handwashing frequency was correlated with T. solium Taeniasis sero-positivity. Conclusion – The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in this population, as detected by serum immunoblot, approximates the prevalence in some endemic areas of Latin America. Importantly, most patients likely had prior exposure, not active infection. This study establishes for the first time, the relative sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in at-risk populations in the United States.
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Sero‐prevalence of Taenia solium Cysticercosis and Taenia solium Taeniasis in California, USA
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 2005Co-Authors: Christopher M. Degiorgio, S. Pietsch-escueta, Victor C. W. Tsang, G. Corral-leyva, M. T. Medina, S. Astudillo, N. Padilla, P. Leyva, L. MartinezAbstract:Objectives –Taenia solium Cysticercosis is a leading cause of epilepsy and neurological disability in the developing world. It is caused by ingestion of the eggs of the tapeworm, T. solium Taeniasis. The prevalence of either T. solium Cysticercosis or T. solium Taeniasis in the United States in populations at risk is poorly understood. The primary objectives of this study are to perform the first study of the sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in an at-risk community in the USA, specifically rural Southern California; identify T. solium Taeniasis positive individuals, and treat positive individuals for the tapeworm T. solium Taeniasis. Methods – Community based sero-prevalence study of antibodies to T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in 449 subjects living in a federally funded, predominantly Hispanic residential community; and in two migrant Farm Worker camps in rural Ventura County, California, USA. For this study, fingerstick blood samples were obtained. Serum immunoblots for both T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis were performed. Results – The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis was 1.8% and the sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis by serum immunoblot was 1.1%. Taenia solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis antibodies were not detected in children. The sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis was highest in the migrant Farm Worker community. Handwashing frequency was correlated with T. solium Taeniasis sero-positivity. Conclusion – The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in this population, as detected by serum immunoblot, approximates the prevalence in some endemic areas of Latin America. Importantly, most patients likely had prior exposure, not active infection. This study establishes for the first time, the relative sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in at-risk populations in the United States.
Christopher M. Degiorgio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sero prevalence of taenia solium cysticercosis and taenia solium taeniasis in california usa
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 2005Co-Authors: Christopher M. Degiorgio, Victor C. W. Tsang, M. T. Medina, S. Astudillo, N. Padilla, P. Leyva, L. Martinez, S Pietschescueta, G Corralleyva, J NohAbstract:Objectives –Taenia solium Cysticercosis is a leading cause of epilepsy and neurological disability in the developing world. It is caused by ingestion of the eggs of the tapeworm, T. solium Taeniasis. The prevalence of either T. solium Cysticercosis or T. solium Taeniasis in the United States in populations at risk is poorly understood. The primary objectives of this study are to perform the first study of the sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in an at-risk community in the USA, specifically rural Southern California; identify T. solium Taeniasis positive individuals, and treat positive individuals for the tapeworm T. solium Taeniasis. Methods – Community based sero-prevalence study of antibodies to T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in 449 subjects living in a federally funded, predominantly Hispanic residential community; and in two migrant Farm Worker camps in rural Ventura County, California, USA. For this study, fingerstick blood samples were obtained. Serum immunoblots for both T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis were performed. Results – The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis was 1.8% and the sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis by serum immunoblot was 1.1%. Taenia solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis antibodies were not detected in children. The sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis was highest in the migrant Farm Worker community. Handwashing frequency was correlated with T. solium Taeniasis sero-positivity. Conclusion – The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in this population, as detected by serum immunoblot, approximates the prevalence in some endemic areas of Latin America. Importantly, most patients likely had prior exposure, not active infection. This study establishes for the first time, the relative sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in at-risk populations in the United States.
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Sero‐prevalence of Taenia solium Cysticercosis and Taenia solium Taeniasis in California, USA
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 2005Co-Authors: Christopher M. Degiorgio, S. Pietsch-escueta, Victor C. W. Tsang, G. Corral-leyva, M. T. Medina, S. Astudillo, N. Padilla, P. Leyva, L. MartinezAbstract:Objectives –Taenia solium Cysticercosis is a leading cause of epilepsy and neurological disability in the developing world. It is caused by ingestion of the eggs of the tapeworm, T. solium Taeniasis. The prevalence of either T. solium Cysticercosis or T. solium Taeniasis in the United States in populations at risk is poorly understood. The primary objectives of this study are to perform the first study of the sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in an at-risk community in the USA, specifically rural Southern California; identify T. solium Taeniasis positive individuals, and treat positive individuals for the tapeworm T. solium Taeniasis. Methods – Community based sero-prevalence study of antibodies to T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in 449 subjects living in a federally funded, predominantly Hispanic residential community; and in two migrant Farm Worker camps in rural Ventura County, California, USA. For this study, fingerstick blood samples were obtained. Serum immunoblots for both T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis were performed. Results – The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis was 1.8% and the sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis by serum immunoblot was 1.1%. Taenia solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis antibodies were not detected in children. The sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis was highest in the migrant Farm Worker community. Handwashing frequency was correlated with T. solium Taeniasis sero-positivity. Conclusion – The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in this population, as detected by serum immunoblot, approximates the prevalence in some endemic areas of Latin America. Importantly, most patients likely had prior exposure, not active infection. This study establishes for the first time, the relative sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in at-risk populations in the United States.
Bruce D Hammock - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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concentrations of the urinary pyrethroid metabolite 3 phenoxybenzoic acid in Farm Worker families in the micasa study
Environmental Research, 2014Co-Authors: Kelly J Trunnelle, Deborah H Bennett, Daniel J Tancredi, Maria T Stoecklinmarois, Marc B Schenker, Bruce D HammockAbstract:Abstract Indoor pesticide exposure is a growing concern, particularly from pyrethroids, a commonly used class of pesticides. Pyrethroid concentrations may be especially high in homes of immigrant Farm Worker families who often live in close proximity to agricultural fields, and are faced with poor housing conditions, causing higher pest infestation and more pesticide use. We investigate exposure of Farm Worker families to pyrethroids in a study of mothers and children living in Mendota, CA within the population-based Mexican Immigration to California: Agricultural Safety and Acculturation (MICASA) Study. We present pyrethroid exposure based on an ELISA analysis of urinary metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA) levels among 105 women and 103 children. The median urinary 3PBA levels (children=2.56 ug/g creatinine, mothers=1.46 ug/g creatinine) were higher than those reported in population based studies for the United States general population, but similar to or lower than studies with known high levels of pyrethroid exposure. A positive association was evident between poor housing conditions and the urinary metabolite levels, showing that poor housing conditions are a contributing factor to the higher levels of 3PBA seen in the urine of these Farm Worker families. Further research is warranted to fully investigate sources of exposure.
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concentrations of the urinary pyrethroid metabolite 3 phenoxybenzoic acid in Farm Worker families in the micasa study
Environmental Research, 2014Co-Authors: Kelly J Trunnelle, Deborah H Bennett, Daniel J Tancredi, Maria T Stoecklinmarois, Marc B Schenker, Shirley J Gee, Ki Chang Ahn, Bruce D HammockAbstract:Indoor pesticide exposure is a growing concern, particularly from pyrethroids, a commonly used class of pesticides. Pyrethroid concentrations may be especially high in homes of immigrant Farm Worker families who often live in close proximity to agricultural fields, and are faced with poor housing conditions, causing higher pest infestation and more pesticide use. We investigate exposure of Farm Worker families to pyrethroids in a study of mothers and children living in Mendota, CA within the population-based Mexican Immigration to California: Agricultural Safety and Acculturation (MICASA) Study. We present pyrethroid exposure based on an ELISA analysis of urinary metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA) levels among 105 women and 103 children. The median urinary 3PBA levels (children=2.56 ug/g creatinine, mothers=1.46 ug/g creatinine) were higher than those reported in population based studies for the United States general population, but similar to or lower than studies with known high levels of pyrethroid exposure. A positive association was evident between poor housing conditions and the urinary metabolite levels, showing that poor housing conditions are a contributing factor to the higher levels of 3PBA seen in the urine of these Farm Worker families. Further research is warranted to fully investigate sources of exposure.
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pyrethroids in house dust from the homes of Farm Worker families in the micasa study
Environment International, 2013Co-Authors: Kelly J Trunnelle, Deborah H Bennett, Daniel J Tancredi, Maria T Stoecklinmarois, Tamara E Hennessyburt, Bruce D Hammock, Marc B SchenkerAbstract:article Indoorpesticide exposureisa growing concern,particularlyfor pyrethroids,a commonly used class of pesticides. Pyrethroid concentrations may be especially high in homes of immigrant Farm Worker families, who often live in close proximity to agricultural fields and are faced with poor housing conditions, potentially causing high pest infestation and pesticide use. We investigate levels of pyrethroids in the house dust of Farm Worker family homes in a study of mothers and children living in Mendota, CA, within the population-based Mexican Immigra- tiontoCalifornia:AgriculturalSafetyandAcculturation(MICASA)Study.Wepresentpesticideusedataandlevels of pyrethroid pesticides in indoor dust collected in 2009 as measured by questionnaires and a GC/MS analysis of the pyrethroids cis -a ndtrans-permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate and resmethrin in single dust samples collected from 55 households. Cis -a ndtrans-permethrin had the highest detection frequencies at 67%, with median concentrations of 244 and 172 ng/g dust, respectively. Cypermethrin was detected in 52% of the homes and had a median concentration of 186 ng/g dust. Esfenvalerate, resmethrin and deltamethrin were detected in less than half the samples. We compared the pyrethroid concentrations found in our study to other studies looking at both rural and urban homes and daycares. Lower detection frequencies and/or lower median concentrations of cis -a ndtrans-permethrin and cypermethrin were observed in our study as compared to those studies. However, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate and resmethrin were detected more frequently in the house dust from our study than in the other studies. Because households whose children had higher urinary pyrethroid metabolite levels were more likely to be analyzed in this study, a positive bias in our estimates of household pyrethroid levels may be expected. A positive association was observed with reported outdoor pesticide use and cypermethrin levels found in the indoor dust samples (rs = 0.28, p = 0.0450). There was also a positive association seen with summed pyrethroid levels inhouse dust and the results of a pesticide inventory conducted by field staff (rs =0 .32,p = 0.018), a potentially useful predictor of pesticide exposure in Farm Worker family homes. Further research is warranted to fully investigate the utility of such a measure.
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pyrethroids in house dust from the homes of Farm Worker families in the micasa study
Environment International, 2013Co-Authors: Kelly J Trunnelle, Deborah H Bennett, Daniel J Tancredi, Maria T Stoecklinmarois, Tamara E Hennessyburt, Bruce D Hammock, Shirley J Gee, Marc B SchenkerAbstract:article Indoorpesticide exposureisa growing concern,particularlyfor pyrethroids,a commonly used class of pesticides. Pyrethroid concentrations may be especially high in homes of immigrant Farm Worker families, who often live in close proximity to agricultural fields and are faced with poor housing conditions, potentially causing high pest infestation and pesticide use. We investigate levels of pyrethroids in the house dust of Farm Worker family homes in a study of mothers and children living in Mendota, CA, within the population-based Mexican Immigra- tiontoCalifornia:AgriculturalSafetyandAcculturation(MICASA)Study.Wepresentpesticideusedataandlevels of pyrethroid pesticides in indoor dust collected in 2009 as measured by questionnaires and a GC/MS analysis of the pyrethroids cis -a ndtrans-permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate and resmethrin in single dust samples collected from 55 households. Cis -a ndtrans-permethrin had the highest detection frequencies at 67%, with median concentrations of 244 and 172 ng/g dust, respectively. Cypermethrin was detected in 52% of the homes and had a median concentration of 186 ng/g dust. Esfenvalerate, resmethrin and deltamethrin were detected in less than half the samples. We compared the pyrethroid concentrations found in our study to other studies looking at both rural and urban homes and daycares. Lower detection frequencies and/or lower median concentrations of cis -a ndtrans-permethrin and cypermethrin were observed in our study as compared to those studies. However, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate and resmethrin were detected more frequently in the house dust from our study than in the other studies. Because households whose children had higher urinary pyrethroid metabolite levels were more likely to be analyzed in this study, a positive bias in our estimates of household pyrethroid levels may be expected. A positive association was observed with reported outdoor pesticide use and cypermethrin levels found in the indoor dust samples (rs = 0.28, p = 0.0450). There was also a positive association seen with summed pyrethroid levels inhouse dust and the results of a pesticide inventory conducted by field staff (rs =0 .32,p = 0.018), a potentially useful predictor of pesticide exposure in Farm Worker family homes. Further research is warranted to fully investigate the utility of such a measure.
J Noh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sero prevalence of taenia solium cysticercosis and taenia solium taeniasis in california usa
Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 2005Co-Authors: Christopher M. Degiorgio, Victor C. W. Tsang, M. T. Medina, S. Astudillo, N. Padilla, P. Leyva, L. Martinez, S Pietschescueta, G Corralleyva, J NohAbstract:Objectives –Taenia solium Cysticercosis is a leading cause of epilepsy and neurological disability in the developing world. It is caused by ingestion of the eggs of the tapeworm, T. solium Taeniasis. The prevalence of either T. solium Cysticercosis or T. solium Taeniasis in the United States in populations at risk is poorly understood. The primary objectives of this study are to perform the first study of the sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in an at-risk community in the USA, specifically rural Southern California; identify T. solium Taeniasis positive individuals, and treat positive individuals for the tapeworm T. solium Taeniasis. Methods – Community based sero-prevalence study of antibodies to T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in 449 subjects living in a federally funded, predominantly Hispanic residential community; and in two migrant Farm Worker camps in rural Ventura County, California, USA. For this study, fingerstick blood samples were obtained. Serum immunoblots for both T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis were performed. Results – The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis was 1.8% and the sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis by serum immunoblot was 1.1%. Taenia solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis antibodies were not detected in children. The sero-prevalence of T. solium Taeniasis was highest in the migrant Farm Worker community. Handwashing frequency was correlated with T. solium Taeniasis sero-positivity. Conclusion – The sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in this population, as detected by serum immunoblot, approximates the prevalence in some endemic areas of Latin America. Importantly, most patients likely had prior exposure, not active infection. This study establishes for the first time, the relative sero-prevalence of T. solium Cysticercosis and T. solium Taeniasis in at-risk populations in the United States.
Kelly J Trunnelle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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concentrations of the urinary pyrethroid metabolite 3 phenoxybenzoic acid in Farm Worker families in the micasa study
Environmental Research, 2014Co-Authors: Kelly J Trunnelle, Deborah H Bennett, Daniel J Tancredi, Maria T Stoecklinmarois, Marc B Schenker, Bruce D HammockAbstract:Abstract Indoor pesticide exposure is a growing concern, particularly from pyrethroids, a commonly used class of pesticides. Pyrethroid concentrations may be especially high in homes of immigrant Farm Worker families who often live in close proximity to agricultural fields, and are faced with poor housing conditions, causing higher pest infestation and more pesticide use. We investigate exposure of Farm Worker families to pyrethroids in a study of mothers and children living in Mendota, CA within the population-based Mexican Immigration to California: Agricultural Safety and Acculturation (MICASA) Study. We present pyrethroid exposure based on an ELISA analysis of urinary metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA) levels among 105 women and 103 children. The median urinary 3PBA levels (children=2.56 ug/g creatinine, mothers=1.46 ug/g creatinine) were higher than those reported in population based studies for the United States general population, but similar to or lower than studies with known high levels of pyrethroid exposure. A positive association was evident between poor housing conditions and the urinary metabolite levels, showing that poor housing conditions are a contributing factor to the higher levels of 3PBA seen in the urine of these Farm Worker families. Further research is warranted to fully investigate sources of exposure.
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concentrations of the urinary pyrethroid metabolite 3 phenoxybenzoic acid in Farm Worker families in the micasa study
Environmental Research, 2014Co-Authors: Kelly J Trunnelle, Deborah H Bennett, Daniel J Tancredi, Maria T Stoecklinmarois, Marc B Schenker, Shirley J Gee, Ki Chang Ahn, Bruce D HammockAbstract:Indoor pesticide exposure is a growing concern, particularly from pyrethroids, a commonly used class of pesticides. Pyrethroid concentrations may be especially high in homes of immigrant Farm Worker families who often live in close proximity to agricultural fields, and are faced with poor housing conditions, causing higher pest infestation and more pesticide use. We investigate exposure of Farm Worker families to pyrethroids in a study of mothers and children living in Mendota, CA within the population-based Mexican Immigration to California: Agricultural Safety and Acculturation (MICASA) Study. We present pyrethroid exposure based on an ELISA analysis of urinary metabolite 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA) levels among 105 women and 103 children. The median urinary 3PBA levels (children=2.56 ug/g creatinine, mothers=1.46 ug/g creatinine) were higher than those reported in population based studies for the United States general population, but similar to or lower than studies with known high levels of pyrethroid exposure. A positive association was evident between poor housing conditions and the urinary metabolite levels, showing that poor housing conditions are a contributing factor to the higher levels of 3PBA seen in the urine of these Farm Worker families. Further research is warranted to fully investigate sources of exposure.
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pyrethroids in house dust from the homes of Farm Worker families in the micasa study
Environment International, 2013Co-Authors: Kelly J Trunnelle, Deborah H Bennett, Daniel J Tancredi, Maria T Stoecklinmarois, Tamara E Hennessyburt, Bruce D Hammock, Marc B SchenkerAbstract:article Indoorpesticide exposureisa growing concern,particularlyfor pyrethroids,a commonly used class of pesticides. Pyrethroid concentrations may be especially high in homes of immigrant Farm Worker families, who often live in close proximity to agricultural fields and are faced with poor housing conditions, potentially causing high pest infestation and pesticide use. We investigate levels of pyrethroids in the house dust of Farm Worker family homes in a study of mothers and children living in Mendota, CA, within the population-based Mexican Immigra- tiontoCalifornia:AgriculturalSafetyandAcculturation(MICASA)Study.Wepresentpesticideusedataandlevels of pyrethroid pesticides in indoor dust collected in 2009 as measured by questionnaires and a GC/MS analysis of the pyrethroids cis -a ndtrans-permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate and resmethrin in single dust samples collected from 55 households. Cis -a ndtrans-permethrin had the highest detection frequencies at 67%, with median concentrations of 244 and 172 ng/g dust, respectively. Cypermethrin was detected in 52% of the homes and had a median concentration of 186 ng/g dust. Esfenvalerate, resmethrin and deltamethrin were detected in less than half the samples. We compared the pyrethroid concentrations found in our study to other studies looking at both rural and urban homes and daycares. Lower detection frequencies and/or lower median concentrations of cis -a ndtrans-permethrin and cypermethrin were observed in our study as compared to those studies. However, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate and resmethrin were detected more frequently in the house dust from our study than in the other studies. Because households whose children had higher urinary pyrethroid metabolite levels were more likely to be analyzed in this study, a positive bias in our estimates of household pyrethroid levels may be expected. A positive association was observed with reported outdoor pesticide use and cypermethrin levels found in the indoor dust samples (rs = 0.28, p = 0.0450). There was also a positive association seen with summed pyrethroid levels inhouse dust and the results of a pesticide inventory conducted by field staff (rs =0 .32,p = 0.018), a potentially useful predictor of pesticide exposure in Farm Worker family homes. Further research is warranted to fully investigate the utility of such a measure.
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pyrethroids in house dust from the homes of Farm Worker families in the micasa study
Environment International, 2013Co-Authors: Kelly J Trunnelle, Deborah H Bennett, Daniel J Tancredi, Maria T Stoecklinmarois, Tamara E Hennessyburt, Bruce D Hammock, Shirley J Gee, Marc B SchenkerAbstract:article Indoorpesticide exposureisa growing concern,particularlyfor pyrethroids,a commonly used class of pesticides. Pyrethroid concentrations may be especially high in homes of immigrant Farm Worker families, who often live in close proximity to agricultural fields and are faced with poor housing conditions, potentially causing high pest infestation and pesticide use. We investigate levels of pyrethroids in the house dust of Farm Worker family homes in a study of mothers and children living in Mendota, CA, within the population-based Mexican Immigra- tiontoCalifornia:AgriculturalSafetyandAcculturation(MICASA)Study.Wepresentpesticideusedataandlevels of pyrethroid pesticides in indoor dust collected in 2009 as measured by questionnaires and a GC/MS analysis of the pyrethroids cis -a ndtrans-permethrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate and resmethrin in single dust samples collected from 55 households. Cis -a ndtrans-permethrin had the highest detection frequencies at 67%, with median concentrations of 244 and 172 ng/g dust, respectively. Cypermethrin was detected in 52% of the homes and had a median concentration of 186 ng/g dust. Esfenvalerate, resmethrin and deltamethrin were detected in less than half the samples. We compared the pyrethroid concentrations found in our study to other studies looking at both rural and urban homes and daycares. Lower detection frequencies and/or lower median concentrations of cis -a ndtrans-permethrin and cypermethrin were observed in our study as compared to those studies. However, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate and resmethrin were detected more frequently in the house dust from our study than in the other studies. Because households whose children had higher urinary pyrethroid metabolite levels were more likely to be analyzed in this study, a positive bias in our estimates of household pyrethroid levels may be expected. A positive association was observed with reported outdoor pesticide use and cypermethrin levels found in the indoor dust samples (rs = 0.28, p = 0.0450). There was also a positive association seen with summed pyrethroid levels inhouse dust and the results of a pesticide inventory conducted by field staff (rs =0 .32,p = 0.018), a potentially useful predictor of pesticide exposure in Farm Worker family homes. Further research is warranted to fully investigate the utility of such a measure.
