The Experts below are selected from a list of 231 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Heinz Mehlhorn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A light and electron microscopic study on the synergistic effect of pyrantel and the Febantel metabolite febendazole on adult Toxocara canis in vitro
Parasitology Research, 2003Co-Authors: Heinz Mehlhorn, E Hanser, O Hansen, N Mencke, Achim Harder, Roland SchaperAbstract:In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects on the motility and morphology of tissues and organs of Toxocara canis of the two drug components of Drontal Plus and Welpan, pyrantel and fenbendazole (the active metabolite of the prodrug Febantel), both alone and in combination . Although there was no significant difference observable between the effects of the single drugs and the drug combination on worm motility, the synergistic effect of pyrantel and fenbendazole was manifested by morphological alterations seen by light and electron microscopy. Thus, an earlier onset of damage to worm tissues and organs could be observed compared to the application of the individual drugs . In addition, a higher degree of damage and an increased number of vital organs were involved. There was dramatic, significantly greater and irreversible damage to the hypodermis, longitudinal muscle, intestine, nerve cords and genital organs induced by the pyrantel/fenbendazole combination. We hypothesise that these synergistic effects will also take place when dogs are treated either with Drontal Plus or Welpan in which lower dosages will be sufficient to destroy the worms.
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effects of the synergistic action of Febantel and pyrantel on the nematode heterakis spumosa a light and transmission electron microscopy study
Parasitology Research, 1997Co-Authors: Heinz Mehlhorn, Achim HarderAbstract:The present study proved that combined administration of pyrantel and Febantel to Heterakis spumosa-infected mice yielded clear synergistic effects (seen in a quicker expulsion of the worms and a significant higher degree of worm degeneration), whereas the different doses of both drugs never reached the same efficacy, when given alone. It is concluded that the synergistic action of pyrantel and Febantel on the functions of different organs of the parasites (muscle, nerve, inertine etc.) – seen in the rodent model – also holds for the gut dwelling nematodes of the dog.
Roland Schaper - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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efficacy of a combination product containing pyrantel Febantel and praziquantel drontal plus flavour bayer animal health against experimental infection with the hookworm ancylostoma ceylanicum in dogs
Parasitology Research, 2010Co-Authors: Piyanan Taweethavonsawat, Sudchit Chungpivat, Pakkawan Satranarakun, Rebecca J Traub, Roland SchaperAbstract:Ancylostoma ceylanicum is a common hookworm of dogs, cats and humans in Asia. More recently, this hookworm was found to infect dogs in Australia. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of a combination product containing pyrantel, Febantel and praziquantel (Drontal® Plus Flavour, Bayer) against A. ceylanicum in experimentally infected dogs. Twelve dogs were each subcutaneously injected with 300 infective third-stage larvae of A. ceylanicum. Pups were stratified by egg count and randomly allocated equally into control and treatment groups. The pups in the treatment group were treated orally at 20 days post-infection with a tablet containing pyrantel, Febantel and praziquantel (Drontal® Plus Flavour, Bayer) with the recommended dose of one tablet per 10 kg bodyweight. The dogs in the control group were not treated. Egg counts were performed daily until the end of the study period and compared for the treated and control groups. No eggs were detected in the treated group of pups within 3 days of treatment, and faecal samples from this group remained negative throughout the rest of the study resulting in a treatment efficacy (egg reduction) of 100% (p = 0.0011). The egg counts for the untreated group remained high for the rest of the study period. This trial demonstrated that a combination tablet containing pyrantel, Febantel and praziquantel (Drontal® Plus Flavour, Bayer) given at the manufacturer’s recommended dose is effective against infection with A. ceylanicum in dogs.
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A light and electron microscopic study on the synergistic effect of pyrantel and the Febantel metabolite febendazole on adult Toxocara canis in vitro
Parasitology Research, 2003Co-Authors: Heinz Mehlhorn, E Hanser, O Hansen, N Mencke, Achim Harder, Roland SchaperAbstract:In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects on the motility and morphology of tissues and organs of Toxocara canis of the two drug components of Drontal Plus and Welpan, pyrantel and fenbendazole (the active metabolite of the prodrug Febantel), both alone and in combination . Although there was no significant difference observable between the effects of the single drugs and the drug combination on worm motility, the synergistic effect of pyrantel and fenbendazole was manifested by morphological alterations seen by light and electron microscopy. Thus, an earlier onset of damage to worm tissues and organs could be observed compared to the application of the individual drugs . In addition, a higher degree of damage and an increased number of vital organs were involved. There was dramatic, significantly greater and irreversible damage to the hypodermis, longitudinal muscle, intestine, nerve cords and genital organs induced by the pyrantel/fenbendazole combination. We hypothesise that these synergistic effects will also take place when dogs are treated either with Drontal Plus or Welpan in which lower dosages will be sufficient to destroy the worms.
Achim Harder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A light and electron microscopic study on the synergistic effect of pyrantel and the Febantel metabolite febendazole on adult Toxocara canis in vitro
Parasitology Research, 2003Co-Authors: Heinz Mehlhorn, E Hanser, O Hansen, N Mencke, Achim Harder, Roland SchaperAbstract:In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects on the motility and morphology of tissues and organs of Toxocara canis of the two drug components of Drontal Plus and Welpan, pyrantel and fenbendazole (the active metabolite of the prodrug Febantel), both alone and in combination . Although there was no significant difference observable between the effects of the single drugs and the drug combination on worm motility, the synergistic effect of pyrantel and fenbendazole was manifested by morphological alterations seen by light and electron microscopy. Thus, an earlier onset of damage to worm tissues and organs could be observed compared to the application of the individual drugs . In addition, a higher degree of damage and an increased number of vital organs were involved. There was dramatic, significantly greater and irreversible damage to the hypodermis, longitudinal muscle, intestine, nerve cords and genital organs induced by the pyrantel/fenbendazole combination. We hypothesise that these synergistic effects will also take place when dogs are treated either with Drontal Plus or Welpan in which lower dosages will be sufficient to destroy the worms.
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effects of the synergistic action of Febantel and pyrantel on the nematode heterakis spumosa a light and transmission electron microscopy study
Parasitology Research, 1997Co-Authors: Heinz Mehlhorn, Achim HarderAbstract:The present study proved that combined administration of pyrantel and Febantel to Heterakis spumosa-infected mice yielded clear synergistic effects (seen in a quicker expulsion of the worms and a significant higher degree of worm degeneration), whereas the different doses of both drugs never reached the same efficacy, when given alone. It is concluded that the synergistic action of pyrantel and Febantel on the functions of different organs of the parasites (muscle, nerve, inertine etc.) – seen in the rodent model – also holds for the gut dwelling nematodes of the dog.
Sandra Babic - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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fate of Febantel in the aquatic environment the role of abiotic elimination processes
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018Co-Authors: Sandra Babic, Dragana Mutavdžic Pavlovic, Martina Biosic, Danijela Asperger, Irena Skoric, Mislav RunjeAbstract:Febantel is widely used anthelmintic drug active against a range of gastrointestinal parasites in animals. Despite the fact that it has been detected in the aquatic environment, there is no information on its environmental fate. Therefore, abiotic elimination processes of Febantel in the aquatic environment have been studied. The results of direct and indirect photodegradation experiments showed that Febantel was persistent against solar radiation. Kinetics of hydrolytic elimination was pH and temperature dependent with half-lives in the range from 210 min to 99 days. Febantel metabolites, fenbendazole and fenbendazole sulfone, were found as major degradation products using high-resolution mass spectrometry. The proposed hydrolytic degradation pathway consisted of the base catalyzed hydrolysis followed by consecutive oxidative cyclization to the five-membered ring of the benzo-imidazole derivative. Aquatic toxicity of Febantel and its hydrolytic mixture were evaluated toward the luminescence bacteria Vibrio fischeri. Investigation of Febantel sorption onto river sediments showed that the best agreement was obtained with the linear model (R2 > 0.99), while the rate of sorption is the best described with the kinetic model of pseudo-second order. The organic carbon-normalized sorption coefficient, KOC, ranged from 1490 to 3894 L kg−1 for five sediment samples. The results of this research demonstrate that Febantel persist in the natural waters and potentially could travel far from the source.
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optimization of matrix solid phase dispersion for liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis of 12 pharmaceuticals in sediments
Journal of Chromatography A, 2012Co-Authors: Dragana Mutavdžic Pavlovic, Tea Pinusic, Martina Perisa, Sandra BabicAbstract:Abstract The matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) technique accompanied with LC–MS/MS detection for the purpose of determination of 12 pharmaceuticals (sulfaguanidine, sulfadiazine, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, roxithromycin, praziquantel, Febantel, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and procaine) applied to sediment samples has been described in this paper. Different parameters, such as the type of solid phase, the elution solvent and its volume have been investigated. The analytes were successfully extracted by C18 as an MSPD sorbent with 5 mL of acetonitrile:5% of oxalic acid = 6:4 (v/v) as an elution solvent. The proposed method provides a linear response over the concentration range of 0.0005–100 μg/g, depending on pharmaceuticals with correlation coefficients above 0.9928 in all cases except for trimethoprim (0.9889). Also, the method has revealed low limits of detection (0.125–500 ng/g), good precision (intra and inter-day), a relative standard deviation below 15% and recoveries above 80%, except for roxithromycin, Febantel and enrofloxacin. The method has been successfully applied to analysis of different sediment samples.
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hplc analysis for detection of albendazole Febantel and levamisole hydrochloride and their photodegradation products
Pharmaceuticals and their degradation products in environment, 2009Co-Authors: Sanja Pelko, Sandra Babic, Alka J M Horvat, Ana Dunja Mance, Marija KastelanmacanAbstract:After certain pathways and reactions in human or animal body, various metabolites and sometimes unchanged parent compound are excreted through urine or feces. Entering the environment, pharmaceuticals and their metabolites are exposed to sunlight and other conditions which can cause their degradation. The identification of degradation products represents a major challenge to improve understanding of the environmental fate of pharmaceuticals. Analyses were performed on anthelmintics, veterinary drugs that are used to treat parasitic worm infections. Due to their use in great quantities in veterinary practice and agriculture anthelmintics have the potential to appear in surface waters. The main goal in this study was to determine the parent compound and to find out whether it photodegrades and if so, to determine and identify the photodegradation products. Albendazole (ABZ), Febantel (FEB) and levamisole hydrochloride (LEV HCl) were analyzed. Samples were exposed to UV light of 254 nm. Even though the UV light of 254 nm could not pervade to the Earth surface, irradiations were carried out at the given wavelength to determine as much photodegradation products as possible. The LC analyses of irradiated water samples were performed by Varian ProStar 500 HPLC system using ProStar 330 diode array detector (Walnut Creek, California, USA) on C18 modified column Synergi Fusion-RP (Phenomenex, USA), 150×2.0 mm, particle size 4 µ m and gradient elution by binary mixture of solvents A (water with 0, 01% formic acid) and B (acetonitrile with 0, 01% formic acid) as mobile phase. The results show that all three analyzed pharmaceuticals photodegrade to one or more products.
N Mencke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Synergistic effects of pyrantel and the Febantel metabolite fenbendazole on adult Toxocara canis.
Parasitology Research, 2003Co-Authors: H Mehlhorn, E Hanser, A Harder, O Hansen, N Mencke, R SchaperAbstract:The effects of pyrantel and the Febantel metabolite fenbendazole - pyrantel and Febantel are both constituents of Drontal® Plus and Welpan® - against Toxocara canisin-vitro were investigated by studying changes in worm motility and tissue damage. Pyrantel (P) (range : 12.2, 25 or 50 μg/ml) and fenbendazole (F) (range : 50, 100 or 200 μg/ml) were added to the worms at different concentrations corresponding to plasma levels in different target animals obtained after oral dosing of the single drugs. Regarding motility changes there were no significant differences observable between pyrantel or fenbendazole given as single drugs and the pyrantel/fenbendazole combination. By contrast, when changes in tissue damages were studied there were significant differences detectable. Thus, hypodermis, muscles, gut, genital organs and nervous system got damaged severely at the concentrations of drug combinations P/F of 25/100 μg/ml. Similar effects could only be seen with the individual compounds at their highest level of concentration, e.g. 50 μg/ml of pyrantel or 200 μg/ml of fenbendazole. In comparative analyses of irreversible tissue damages the synergistic effects observed were regarded as being so important that the conclusion must be drawn that these effects are also be present in-vivo in Drontal® Plus and Welpan® treated dogs resulting in a complete worm destruction.
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A light and electron microscopic study on the synergistic effect of pyrantel and the Febantel metabolite febendazole on adult Toxocara canis in vitro
Parasitology Research, 2003Co-Authors: Heinz Mehlhorn, E Hanser, O Hansen, N Mencke, Achim Harder, Roland SchaperAbstract:In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effects on the motility and morphology of tissues and organs of Toxocara canis of the two drug components of Drontal Plus and Welpan, pyrantel and fenbendazole (the active metabolite of the prodrug Febantel), both alone and in combination . Although there was no significant difference observable between the effects of the single drugs and the drug combination on worm motility, the synergistic effect of pyrantel and fenbendazole was manifested by morphological alterations seen by light and electron microscopy. Thus, an earlier onset of damage to worm tissues and organs could be observed compared to the application of the individual drugs . In addition, a higher degree of damage and an increased number of vital organs were involved. There was dramatic, significantly greater and irreversible damage to the hypodermis, longitudinal muscle, intestine, nerve cords and genital organs induced by the pyrantel/fenbendazole combination. We hypothesise that these synergistic effects will also take place when dogs are treated either with Drontal Plus or Welpan in which lower dosages will be sufficient to destroy the worms.
