The Experts below are selected from a list of 183 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
J Fintan Hurley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Costs of occupational asthma in the UK
Thorax, 2010Co-Authors: Jon G Ayres, Richard Boyd, Hilary Cowie, J Fintan HurleyAbstract:Objectives To estimate the social costs of occupational asthma in the UK. Methods A desk-top approach using cost-of-illness methodology was employed, defining direct and indirect lifetime costs for six scenarios: a male and a Female Worker each exposed to isocyanates, latex and biocides (eg, glutaraldehyde) or flour. The numbers of new cases annually in each industry were estimated from Survey of Work-related and Occupational Respiratory Disease (SWORD) data. The main outcome measure was the current value total working lifetime costs of new cases annually for each scenario. Results Assuming 209 new cases of occupational asthma in the six scenarios in the year 2003, the present value total lifetime costs were estimated to be £25.3–27.3 million (2004 prices). Grossing up for all estimated cases of occupational asthma in the UK in 2003, this came to £70–100 million. About 49% of these costs were borne by the individual, 48% by the state and 3% by the employer. Conclusions The cost to society of occupational asthma in the UK is high. Given that the number of newly diagnosed cases is likely to be underestimated by at least one-third, these costs may be as large as £95–135 million. Each year a new stream of lifetime costs will be added as a newly diagnosed cohort is identified. Approaches to reduce the burden of occupational asthma have a strong economic justification. However, the economic burden falls on the state and the individual, not on the employer. The incentive for employers to act is thus weak.
Ehab Abouheif - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Interruption points in the wing gene regulatory network underlying wing polyphenism evolved independently in male and Female morphs in Cardiocondyla ants.
Journal of experimental zoology. Part B Molecular and developmental evolution, 2018Co-Authors: Jan Oettler, Tobias Platschek, Christine V. Schmidt, Rajendhran Rajakumar, Marie-julie Favé, Abderrahman Khila, Jürgen Heinze, Ehab AbouheifAbstract:Wing polyphenism in ants, which produces a winged Female queen caste and a wingless Female Worker caste, evolved approximately 150 million years ago and has been key to the remarkable success of ants. Approximately 20 million years ago, the myrmicine ant genus Cardiocondyla evolved an additional wing polyphenism among males producing two male morphs: wingless males that fight to enhance mating success and winged males that disperse. Here we show that interruption of rudimentary wing-disc development in larvae of the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior occurs further downstream in the network in wingless males as compared with wingless Female Workers. This pattern is corroborated in C. kagutsuchi, a species from a different clade within the genus, indicating that late interruption of wing development in males is conserved across Cardiocondyla. Therefore, our results show that the novel male wing polyphenism was not developmentally constrained by the pre-existing Female wing polyphenism and evolved through independent alteration of interruption points in the wing gene network. Furthermore, a comparison of adult morphological characters in C. obscurior reveals that developmental trajectories lead to similar morphological trait integration between winged and wingless Females, but dramatically different integration between winged and wingless males. This suggests that the alternative sex-specific developmental routes to achieve winglessness in the genus Cardiocondyla may have evolved through different selection regimes acting on wingless males and Females.
Jon G Ayres - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Costs of occupational asthma in the UK
Thorax, 2010Co-Authors: Jon G Ayres, Richard Boyd, Hilary Cowie, J Fintan HurleyAbstract:Objectives To estimate the social costs of occupational asthma in the UK. Methods A desk-top approach using cost-of-illness methodology was employed, defining direct and indirect lifetime costs for six scenarios: a male and a Female Worker each exposed to isocyanates, latex and biocides (eg, glutaraldehyde) or flour. The numbers of new cases annually in each industry were estimated from Survey of Work-related and Occupational Respiratory Disease (SWORD) data. The main outcome measure was the current value total working lifetime costs of new cases annually for each scenario. Results Assuming 209 new cases of occupational asthma in the six scenarios in the year 2003, the present value total lifetime costs were estimated to be £25.3–27.3 million (2004 prices). Grossing up for all estimated cases of occupational asthma in the UK in 2003, this came to £70–100 million. About 49% of these costs were borne by the individual, 48% by the state and 3% by the employer. Conclusions The cost to society of occupational asthma in the UK is high. Given that the number of newly diagnosed cases is likely to be underestimated by at least one-third, these costs may be as large as £95–135 million. Each year a new stream of lifetime costs will be added as a newly diagnosed cohort is identified. Approaches to reduce the burden of occupational asthma have a strong economic justification. However, the economic burden falls on the state and the individual, not on the employer. The incentive for employers to act is thus weak.
Jan Oettler - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Interruption points in the wing gene regulatory network underlying wing polyphenism evolved independently in male and Female morphs in Cardiocondyla ants.
Journal of experimental zoology. Part B Molecular and developmental evolution, 2018Co-Authors: Jan Oettler, Tobias Platschek, Christine V. Schmidt, Rajendhran Rajakumar, Marie-julie Favé, Abderrahman Khila, Jürgen Heinze, Ehab AbouheifAbstract:Wing polyphenism in ants, which produces a winged Female queen caste and a wingless Female Worker caste, evolved approximately 150 million years ago and has been key to the remarkable success of ants. Approximately 20 million years ago, the myrmicine ant genus Cardiocondyla evolved an additional wing polyphenism among males producing two male morphs: wingless males that fight to enhance mating success and winged males that disperse. Here we show that interruption of rudimentary wing-disc development in larvae of the ant Cardiocondyla obscurior occurs further downstream in the network in wingless males as compared with wingless Female Workers. This pattern is corroborated in C. kagutsuchi, a species from a different clade within the genus, indicating that late interruption of wing development in males is conserved across Cardiocondyla. Therefore, our results show that the novel male wing polyphenism was not developmentally constrained by the pre-existing Female wing polyphenism and evolved through independent alteration of interruption points in the wing gene network. Furthermore, a comparison of adult morphological characters in C. obscurior reveals that developmental trajectories lead to similar morphological trait integration between winged and wingless Females, but dramatically different integration between winged and wingless males. This suggests that the alternative sex-specific developmental routes to achieve winglessness in the genus Cardiocondyla may have evolved through different selection regimes acting on wingless males and Females.
Naime Hossain Bhuiyan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An Approach for Development of Medical Textiles; Safety Issue of Garments (Female) Worker
American Journal of Materials Science, 2018Co-Authors: Rasel, Sakib Hossain Bhuiyan, Shak Sadi, Ishrat Rafique Eshita, Mohammad Tofayel Ahmed, Naime Hossain BhuiyanAbstract:The Safety for the Worker is mandatory to maintain in all the organization. Garments Workers are most driving key of industry for the economical success which totally depends on their comfort ability, good environmental and working places. The aim of this study is the investigation of the garments Female Workers life hood during menstrual periods time and what is the main issues for their adverse life lead during such vital time. Aim of this study is collection their wearable (Jhut) fabrics then investigated fabrics with several chemical and physical tests. Bacterial contamination is one of the drawbacks from TEXTILE materials during contact of skin with material which may cause hazardous problems with nosocomial infection for long time use both work place and home. Avoiding bacterial contamination or infection from surface during the use of under garments by preparing active antibacterial materials is an accurate solution. My target of this study is the development of such textiles fabrics (viscose) with antibacterial surface using chitosan encapsulated iodine treatment of fabric to avoid bacterial attack by chemically surface modification of viscose fabric. Both antimicrobial and anti-oxidative test done against bacterial comparing with standard (ISO 20743-2007, bio-chemical reagent). The developed fabric provided not only good antibacterial, anti-oxidative surface but also signal of may better sweating control, healthier and well-being life of such medical textile wearer.
