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Karuppan Muthukumar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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ultrasound assisted ammonia pretreatment of Sugarcane bagasse for Fermentable Sugar production
Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Govindarajan Ramadoss, Karuppan MuthukumarAbstract:Abstract This study presents the ultrasound assisted ammonia pretreatment (UAAP) of Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and the influence of SCB particle size, liquid ammonia concentration, sonication time, temperature and liquid to solid ratio (LSR) on cellulose recovery and delignification. The maximum cellulose recovery and delignification observed at the optimum conditions (particle size 0.274 mm, sonication time 45 min, ammonia concentration 10%, LSR 10 mL/g and temperature 80 °C) were 95.78 and 58.14%, respectively. The dilute acid hydrolysis of pretreated SCB produced 16.58 g/L glucose, 8.21 g/L xylose, 2.78 g/L arabinose, 0.81 g/L furfural and 1.79 g/L acetic acid. The hydrolysate contained less inhibitors compared to the values reported in the literature during Fermentable Sugar production.
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Ultrasound-assisted alkaline pretreatment of Sugarcane bagasse for Fermentable Sugar production: Optimization through response surface methodology
Bioresource Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Rajendran Velmurugan, Karuppan MuthukumarAbstract:Abstract Ultrasound-assisted alkaline pretreatment of Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) for Fermentable Sugar production was carried out and the influence of particle size, liquid to solid ratio (LSR), NaOH concentration, temperature and sonication time on delignification and reducing Sugar production was ascertained with Placket–Burman design. The best combination of each significant factor was determined by a central composite design (CCD) and optimum pretreatment conditions for maximum reducing Sugar yield (96.27%) were particle size of 0.27 mm, LSR of 25 ml/g, NaOH concentration of 2.89% (w/v), temperature of 70.15 °C and pretreatment time of 47.42 min. Under these conditions, 92.11% of theoretical reducing Sugar yield was observed experimentally. The substantial reduction in pretreatment time and temperature with improved efficiency is the most attractive features of the ultrasound-assisted alkaline pretreatment.
Yushen Cheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of ensilage as a green approach for simultaneous preservation and pretreatment of macroalgae Ulva lactuca for Fermentable Sugar production
Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 2018Co-Authors: Yushen ChengAbstract:Green macroalgae Ulva lactuca could be a potential marine biomass feedstock for the production of biofuel and biochemicals. However, the high moisture content makes long-term preservation of fresh Ulva biomass a challenge. Ensilage has been suggested as a green approach to preserving and pretreating fresh biomass without intensive energy input. In this study, silage additives including cellulase complex and inoculum of Lactobacillus plantarum were tested and applied to circumvent the difficulties associated with ensilage of the Ulva species, such as insufficient water-soluble carbohydrate and low lactic acid bacteria (LAB) count. The experimental results with statistical analysis indicated that the addition of both cellulase complex at 10 carboxymethyl cellulose unit (CMCU)/g dry biomass and inoculum of Lactobacillus plantarum at 10^6 cfu/g dry biomass was necessary to drop silage pH value to lower than 4 in 15 days. The successful preparation of Ulva silage could retain around 92% solid and most of the carbohydrates and the ensiled Ulva biomass could produce more reducing Sugar than fresh biomass by dilute acid hydrolysis at high solid content and moderate temperature. Moreover, with further enzymatic hydrolysis, the Ulva silage proved to be Fermentable by LAB for lactic acid production. The results suggested that ensilage could be a useful process for simultaneous preservation and pretreatment of Ulva biomass for Fermentable Sugar production.
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integrated alkali pretreatment and preservation of wet lettuce pistia stratiotes by lactic acid bacteria for Fermentable Sugar production
Biomass & Bioenergy, 2015Co-Authors: Kuanyu Chen, Yi Zheng, Yushen ChengAbstract:An integrated process was proposed by applying NaOH at high solid condition followed by ensilage to pretreat and preserve the biomass of water lettuce for Fermentable Sugar production. The results showed that the pretreatment with sodium hydroxide prior the inoculation of lactic acid bacteria effectively removed the lignin content from biomass of water lettuce and increased the extractable portion of the biomass. Experimental sets that had received alkali pretreatment had more total organic acids and fewer butyric acids generated than non-pretreated sets. The results also showed that the integrated process can preserve more carbohydrate content of biomass and can give higher Fermentable Sugar yields than without pretreatment. Overall, the study suggests that treatment with NaOH improves preservation of fresh harvested water lettuce but further investigation of optimal conditions is needed.
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concurrent calcium peroxide pretreatment and wet storage of water hyacinth for Fermentable Sugar production
Bioresource Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Yushen Cheng, Kuanyu Chen, Tzunghan ChouAbstract:Abstract In the present study, a novel concurrent process of pretreatment and wet storage was developed and investigated by applying calcium peroxide for preservation and conversion of fresh water hyacinth biomass to Fermentable Sugars. The effects of CaO 2 loading concentration and moisture content on the lignin reduction, carbohydrate preservation and enzymatic saccharification of water hyacinth biomass were evaluated by experimental design using a response surface methodology. The data showed that the concurrent process could conserve 70% carbohydrates and remove 40% lignin from biomass of water hyacinth at the best condition in this study. The enzymatic digestibility and reducing Sugar yield from the best condition of concurrent process were around 93% and 325 mg/g (dry weight) of fresh biomass, respectively. The result suggested that the concurrent process developed in this work could be a potential alternative to consolidate the pretreatment and storage of aquatic plant biomass for Fermentable Sugar production.
Glen P. Fox - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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malt protein inhibition of β amylase alters starch molecular structure during barley mashing
Food Hydrocolloids, 2020Co-Authors: Glen P. Fox, Robert G GilbertAbstract:Abstract The molecular structural changes in starch in barley malts during mashing (a major step in brewing beer) with and without protein removal were investigated using size exclusion chromatography. The aim was to uncover how proteins affects barley starch degradation in brewing. It was found that for malts containing lower β-amylase activity, protein removal significantly increased Fermentable Sugar content, whilst no significant change was observed for malts with higher β-amylase, with or without addition of a metalloprotease (Neutrase®). However, metalloprotease addition significantly reduced both the content and molecular sizes of remaining wort-soluble starches. This suggests that the effects of malt protein removal on starch degradation, particularly on Fermentable Sugar production, largely depend on malt enzyme activity, especially that of β-amylase. This provides useful information for brewers: for example, the fact that soluble starch molecular structure correlates significantly with fermentation efficiency gives a new criterion for selecting barley varieties for optimal brewing performance.
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Review: Amylopectin synthesis and hydrolysis – Understanding isoamylase and limit dextrinase and their impact on starch structure on barley (Hordeum vulgare) quality
Trends in Food Science & Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Peter W Gous, Glen P. FoxAbstract:Abstract Background Starch contributes to barley grain and malt quality which in turn contributes to beer quality and flavour; through Fermentable Sugar profiles, rates of fermentation and Mallard reactions. Both amylopectin and amylose are enzymatically degraded to release maltose, maltotriose and higher order Sugars. Scope and approach Amylopectin is highly branched [α-(1 → 6) glycoside bond branch points] with numerous short branches while amylose is a long chained polymer with a few side branches. During grain development, the final level of branching is controlled by two enzymes namely; isoamylase and limit dextrinase (LD). Mutations in either of these genes can also result in changes to structure, content, and granule formation and size. During the malting free LD will to cleave the α-(1 → 6) bonds but during mashing processes, bound LD is release, resulting in chains of various length available for other starch degrading enzymes to hydrolyse. Findings and conclusions While there is a good understanding of most of the individual aspects in amylopectin formation, structure and degradation; the story remains incomplete, as most of this understanding has been gained from experiments with only a limited number of barley varieties, limitations in the technology for structural measurement, and since no data is available to link structure to Fermentable Sugar profiles.
Manuel Vazquez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Manufacture of Fermentable Sugar solutions from Sugar cane bagasse hydrolyzed with phosphoric acid at atmospheric pressure.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2004Co-Authors: Sara Gamez, Jose A Ramirez, Gil Garrote, Manuel VazquezAbstract:Sugar cane bagasse, a renewable and cheap bioresource, was hydrolyzed at 100 °C using phosphoric acid at different concentrations (2, 4, or 6%) and reaction times (0−300 min) to obtain Fermentable Sugar solutions, which have a high concentration of Sugars (carbon source for microorganism growth) and a low concentration of growth inhibitors (acetic acid and furfural). Xylose, glucose, arabinose, acetic acid, and furfural were determined following the hydrolysis. Kinetic parameters of mathematical models for predicting these compounds in the hydrolysates were obtained. Derived parameters such as efficiency of hydrolysis or purity of hydrolysates were considered to select as optimal conditions 6% phosphoric acid at 100 °C for 300 min. Using these conditions, 21.4 g of Sugars L-1 and
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manufacture of Fermentable Sugar solutions from Sugar cane bagasse hydrolyzed with phosphoric acid at atmospheric pressure
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2004Co-Authors: Sara Gamez, Jose A Ramirez, Gil Garrote, Manuel VazquezAbstract:Sugar cane bagasse, a renewable and cheap bioresource, was hydrolyzed at 100 °C using phosphoric acid at different concentrations (2, 4, or 6%) and reaction times (0−300 min) to obtain Fermentable Sugar solutions, which have a high concentration of Sugars (carbon source for microorganism growth) and a low concentration of growth inhibitors (acetic acid and furfural). Xylose, glucose, arabinose, acetic acid, and furfural were determined following the hydrolysis. Kinetic parameters of mathematical models for predicting these compounds in the hydrolysates were obtained. Derived parameters such as efficiency of hydrolysis or purity of hydrolysates were considered to select as optimal conditions 6% phosphoric acid at 100 °C for 300 min. Using these conditions, 21.4 g of Sugars L-1 and <4 g of inhibitors L-1 were obtained from the hydrolysis with a water/solid ratio of 8 g of water g-1 of Sugar cane bagasse on a dry basis. Keywords: Sugar cane; bagasse; xylose; glucose; arabinose; phosphoric acid; kinetic model...
Zehuan Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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enhanced enzymatic saccharification of Sugarcane bagasse pretreated by sodium methoxide with glycerol
Bioresource Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Jianghai Lin, Wenjuan Xiao, Dou Zhang, Yingxue Gong, Liang Luo, Senlin Lei, Zehuan LiuAbstract:Abstract Sodium methoxide (CH3ONa) with glycerol pretreatment (CWGP) was performed to improve the enzymatic digestibility of Sugarcane bagasse (SCB). Response surface methodology was utilized to optimize the CWGP parameters for pretreating SCB from the perspective of total Fermentable Sugar yield (TFSY) and total Fermentable Sugar concentration (TFSC). Under the optimal CWGP conditions, 0.5666 g/g of TFSY (0.82% CH3ONa, 1.11 h, 150 °C) and 17.75 g/L of TFSC (0.87% CH3ONa, 1.38 h, 149.27 °C) were achieved, corresponding to delignification of 79.05% and 79.34%, respectively. Compared the pretreatment using glycerol or CH3ONa alone, the CWGP has significant synergies to enhance the enzymatic efficiency of SCB. The physical and chemical characteristics of untreated and pretreated SCBs were analyzed using FT-IR, XRD, and SEM, and the results suggest that CWGP significantly increased the susceptibility of the substrates to enzymatic digestibility. Ultimately, CWGP might be a prospective candidate for the pretreatment process of enzyme-based lignocellulosic biorefineries.
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vacuum assisted alkaline pretreatment as an innovative approach for enhancing Fermentable Sugar yield and decreasing inhibitor production of Sugarcane bagasse
Bioresource Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Chunjiang Xiong, Xiaodong Chen, Wenjuan Xiao, Dou Zhang, Yingxue Gong, Jianghai Lin, Zehuan LiuAbstract:Abstract Sodium hydroxide pretreatment of Sugarcane bagasse under vacuum conditions was established and evaluated in this study. Compared to pretreatment under conventional moderate pressure conditions, only half of the total phenolic compounds and less than half of the formic acid were produced under vacuum conditions, while the yield of total Fermentable Sugar was significantly increased by 31.38%. The pretreatment parameters: NaOH concentration, pretreatment time, and pretreatment temperature, were optimized using response surface methodology based on the response values of the total Fermentable Sugar yield (TFSY) and the total Fermentable Sugar concentration (TFSC), respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the TFSY of 0.5146 g/g and the TFSC of 17.37 g/L were achieved, respectively. By adjusting the ratio of cellulases to xylanase, the TFSY reached a maximum of 0.5213 g/g when the ratio was 1:1, while the maximum TFSC of 17.71 g/L was achieved when the ratio was 1:4.