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Thomas K. Welty - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characteristics of children whose siblings have Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
    Pediatrics, 2009
    Co-Authors: Valborg L. Kvigne, Gary R. Leonardson, Joseph F. Borzelleca, Martha Neff-smith, Thomas K. Welty
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. To describe the clinical features of American Indian children born just before and just after a sibling with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. METHODS. Two retrospective case-control studies were conducted of Northern Plains American Indian children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome identified from 1981 to 1993 by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 760.71. RESULTS. Compared with the controls, the 39 siblings born just before children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 1) and 30 siblings born just before children with incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 2) had more facial dysmorphology (23.1% and 16.7%, respectively), growth delay (38.5% and 10.0%), and central nervous system impairment (48.7% and 33.3%). The 20 siblings born just after children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 1) and 22 siblings born just after children with incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 2) had more facial dysmorphology (20.0% and 9.1%, respectively), growth delay (45.0% and 22.7%), and central nervous system impairment (50.0% and 31.8%) than the control siblings. CONCLUSIONS. The “before” siblings had characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome that could have predicted that the next child was at risk for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. The “after” siblings had better outcomes than the previous siblings with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, a finding that was associated with a decrease in maternal Alcohol consumption during the after-sibling pregnancy.

  • characteristics of mothers who have children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or some characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
    Journal of The American Board of Family Practice, 2003
    Co-Authors: Valborg L. Kvigne, Gary R. Leonardson, Joseph F. Borzelleca, Ellen Brock, Martha Neffsmith, Thomas K. Welty
    Abstract:

    Background: Health care providers can more effectively prevent Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and prenatal Alcohol exposure if they know more about mothers who have children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) or some characteristics of FAS. Methods: We conducted two retrospective case-control studies of Northern Plains Indian children with FAS and some characteristics of FAS diagnosed from 1981 to 1993 by using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), code 760.71. We compared mothers who had children with FAS or some characteristics of FAS with mothers who had children that did not have FAS. Results: Compared with control mothers, 43 mothers who had children with FAS and 35 mothers who had children with some characteristics of FAS were older, had fewer prenatal visits, more pregnancies, more mental health problems, and more injuries (both total and Alcohol-related). Although the prevalence of drinking was high in both case and control mothers, case mothers had more Alcohol-related medical problems, drank heavily, in binges, and daily more often than control mothers. Conclusions: Women with injuries and mental health problems should be screened for substance use. Mothers of children with FAS or of some characteristics of FAS have numerous needs that must be addressed to prevent future prenatal Alcohol exposure.

Valborg L. Kvigne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characteristics of children whose siblings have Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
    Pediatrics, 2009
    Co-Authors: Valborg L. Kvigne, Gary R. Leonardson, Joseph F. Borzelleca, Martha Neff-smith, Thomas K. Welty
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. To describe the clinical features of American Indian children born just before and just after a sibling with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. METHODS. Two retrospective case-control studies were conducted of Northern Plains American Indian children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome identified from 1981 to 1993 by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 760.71. RESULTS. Compared with the controls, the 39 siblings born just before children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 1) and 30 siblings born just before children with incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 2) had more facial dysmorphology (23.1% and 16.7%, respectively), growth delay (38.5% and 10.0%), and central nervous system impairment (48.7% and 33.3%). The 20 siblings born just after children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 1) and 22 siblings born just after children with incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 2) had more facial dysmorphology (20.0% and 9.1%, respectively), growth delay (45.0% and 22.7%), and central nervous system impairment (50.0% and 31.8%) than the control siblings. CONCLUSIONS. The “before” siblings had characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome that could have predicted that the next child was at risk for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. The “after” siblings had better outcomes than the previous siblings with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, a finding that was associated with a decrease in maternal Alcohol consumption during the after-sibling pregnancy.

  • characteristics of mothers who have children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or some characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
    Journal of The American Board of Family Practice, 2003
    Co-Authors: Valborg L. Kvigne, Gary R. Leonardson, Joseph F. Borzelleca, Ellen Brock, Martha Neffsmith, Thomas K. Welty
    Abstract:

    Background: Health care providers can more effectively prevent Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and prenatal Alcohol exposure if they know more about mothers who have children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) or some characteristics of FAS. Methods: We conducted two retrospective case-control studies of Northern Plains Indian children with FAS and some characteristics of FAS diagnosed from 1981 to 1993 by using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), code 760.71. We compared mothers who had children with FAS or some characteristics of FAS with mothers who had children that did not have FAS. Results: Compared with control mothers, 43 mothers who had children with FAS and 35 mothers who had children with some characteristics of FAS were older, had fewer prenatal visits, more pregnancies, more mental health problems, and more injuries (both total and Alcohol-related). Although the prevalence of drinking was high in both case and control mothers, case mothers had more Alcohol-related medical problems, drank heavily, in binges, and daily more often than control mothers. Conclusions: Women with injuries and mental health problems should be screened for substance use. Mothers of children with FAS or of some characteristics of FAS have numerous needs that must be addressed to prevent future prenatal Alcohol exposure.

Gary R. Leonardson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characteristics of children whose siblings have Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
    Pediatrics, 2009
    Co-Authors: Valborg L. Kvigne, Gary R. Leonardson, Joseph F. Borzelleca, Martha Neff-smith, Thomas K. Welty
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. To describe the clinical features of American Indian children born just before and just after a sibling with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. METHODS. Two retrospective case-control studies were conducted of Northern Plains American Indian children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome identified from 1981 to 1993 by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 760.71. RESULTS. Compared with the controls, the 39 siblings born just before children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 1) and 30 siblings born just before children with incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 2) had more facial dysmorphology (23.1% and 16.7%, respectively), growth delay (38.5% and 10.0%), and central nervous system impairment (48.7% and 33.3%). The 20 siblings born just after children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 1) and 22 siblings born just after children with incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 2) had more facial dysmorphology (20.0% and 9.1%, respectively), growth delay (45.0% and 22.7%), and central nervous system impairment (50.0% and 31.8%) than the control siblings. CONCLUSIONS. The “before” siblings had characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome that could have predicted that the next child was at risk for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. The “after” siblings had better outcomes than the previous siblings with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, a finding that was associated with a decrease in maternal Alcohol consumption during the after-sibling pregnancy.

  • characteristics of mothers who have children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or some characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
    Journal of The American Board of Family Practice, 2003
    Co-Authors: Valborg L. Kvigne, Gary R. Leonardson, Joseph F. Borzelleca, Ellen Brock, Martha Neffsmith, Thomas K. Welty
    Abstract:

    Background: Health care providers can more effectively prevent Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and prenatal Alcohol exposure if they know more about mothers who have children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) or some characteristics of FAS. Methods: We conducted two retrospective case-control studies of Northern Plains Indian children with FAS and some characteristics of FAS diagnosed from 1981 to 1993 by using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), code 760.71. We compared mothers who had children with FAS or some characteristics of FAS with mothers who had children that did not have FAS. Results: Compared with control mothers, 43 mothers who had children with FAS and 35 mothers who had children with some characteristics of FAS were older, had fewer prenatal visits, more pregnancies, more mental health problems, and more injuries (both total and Alcohol-related). Although the prevalence of drinking was high in both case and control mothers, case mothers had more Alcohol-related medical problems, drank heavily, in binges, and daily more often than control mothers. Conclusions: Women with injuries and mental health problems should be screened for substance use. Mothers of children with FAS or of some characteristics of FAS have numerous needs that must be addressed to prevent future prenatal Alcohol exposure.

Joseph F. Borzelleca - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Characteristics of children whose siblings have Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
    Pediatrics, 2009
    Co-Authors: Valborg L. Kvigne, Gary R. Leonardson, Joseph F. Borzelleca, Martha Neff-smith, Thomas K. Welty
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVE. To describe the clinical features of American Indian children born just before and just after a sibling with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. METHODS. Two retrospective case-control studies were conducted of Northern Plains American Indian children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome identified from 1981 to 1993 by using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 760.71. RESULTS. Compared with the controls, the 39 siblings born just before children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 1) and 30 siblings born just before children with incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 2) had more facial dysmorphology (23.1% and 16.7%, respectively), growth delay (38.5% and 10.0%), and central nervous system impairment (48.7% and 33.3%). The 20 siblings born just after children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 1) and 22 siblings born just after children with incomplete Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (study 2) had more facial dysmorphology (20.0% and 9.1%, respectively), growth delay (45.0% and 22.7%), and central nervous system impairment (50.0% and 31.8%) than the control siblings. CONCLUSIONS. The “before” siblings had characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome that could have predicted that the next child was at risk for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. The “after” siblings had better outcomes than the previous siblings with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, a finding that was associated with a decrease in maternal Alcohol consumption during the after-sibling pregnancy.

  • characteristics of mothers who have children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or some characteristics of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
    Journal of The American Board of Family Practice, 2003
    Co-Authors: Valborg L. Kvigne, Gary R. Leonardson, Joseph F. Borzelleca, Ellen Brock, Martha Neffsmith, Thomas K. Welty
    Abstract:

    Background: Health care providers can more effectively prevent Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and prenatal Alcohol exposure if they know more about mothers who have children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) or some characteristics of FAS. Methods: We conducted two retrospective case-control studies of Northern Plains Indian children with FAS and some characteristics of FAS diagnosed from 1981 to 1993 by using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM), code 760.71. We compared mothers who had children with FAS or some characteristics of FAS with mothers who had children that did not have FAS. Results: Compared with control mothers, 43 mothers who had children with FAS and 35 mothers who had children with some characteristics of FAS were older, had fewer prenatal visits, more pregnancies, more mental health problems, and more injuries (both total and Alcohol-related). Although the prevalence of drinking was high in both case and control mothers, case mothers had more Alcohol-related medical problems, drank heavily, in binges, and daily more often than control mothers. Conclusions: Women with injuries and mental health problems should be screened for substance use. Mothers of children with FAS or of some characteristics of FAS have numerous needs that must be addressed to prevent future prenatal Alcohol exposure.

Sarah N. Mattson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Accuracy of the Diagnosis of Physical Features of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome by Pediatricians After Specialized Training
    Pediatrics, 2006
    Co-Authors: Kenneth L. Jones, Sarah N. Mattson, Luther K. Robinson, Ludmila N. Bakhireva, Galina Marintcheva, Vladimir Storojev, Anna Strahova, Svetlana Sergeevskaya, Svetlana Budantseva, Edward P. Riley
    Abstract:

    OBJECTIVES. Accurate and early diagnosis of the Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is important for secondary prevention, intervention, and treatment, yet many pediatricians lack expertise in recognition of the characteristic features of this disorder. After a structured training program for pediatricians, we examined the ability to accurately diagnose Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. METHODS. Two dysmorphologists conducted a 2-day training program in the diagnosis of the physical features of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome for 4 pediatricians in Moscow. Dysmorphologists and pediatricians worked in teams to examine children, demonstrate techniques, and validate that pediatricians could identify physical features of this disorder under direct observation. Subsequently, pediatricians independently evaluated children in 41 boarding schools and orphanages. Those children diagnosed with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or deferred (possible Fetal Alcohol Syndrome) by the pediatricians were then evaluated by the dysmorphologists. Accuracy of the diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or deferred was assessed, as well as the interrater agreement for specific selected features of the disorder. RESULTS. A total of 110 children were examined by both the pediatricians and the dysmorphologists. Of these, 79 were identified with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome by the pediatricians; in 66 (83.5%) of these children, the diagnosis was confirmed by the dysmorphologists. Among 31 children who were classified as deferred by the pediatricians, 21 (67.7%) were confirmed with either Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or deferred by the dysmorphologists. With respect to selected structural features characteristic of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, good interrater agreement was noted for height and head circumference ≤10th centile, whereas moderate-to-fair agreement was noted for smooth philtrum, long philtrum, presence of “hockey-stick” palmar crease, and palpebral fissure length ≤10th centile. Poor agreement was noted for thin upper lip. CONCLUSIONS. After a relatively short training session, pediatricians were reasonably accurate in diagnosing Fetal Alcohol Syndrome on the basis of physical features and in recognizing most of the selected specific features associated with the disorder.

  • A Review of the Neurobehavioral Deficits in Children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or Prenatal Exposure to Alcohol
    Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 1998
    Co-Authors: Sarah N. Mattson, Edward P. Riley
    Abstract:

    Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a devastating developmental disorder caused by prenatal exposure to high amounts of Alcohol. In addition to structural abnormalities and growth deficits, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is associated with a broad spectrum of neurobehavioral anomalies. This paper reviews the behavioral and cognitive effects of prenatal Alcohol exposure. More than 20 years of research are discussed, with a focus on IQ, activity, attention, learning, memory, language, motor, and visuospatial abilities in children prenatally exposed to varying amounts of Alcohol, including those with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.

  • A Review of the Neurobehavioral Deficits with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome or Prenatal Alcohol
    1998
    Co-Authors: Sarah N. Mattson
    Abstract:

    Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is a devastating developmental disorder caused by prenatal exposure to high amounts of Alcohol. In addition to structural abnormalities and growth deficits, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is associated with a broad spectrum of neurobehavioral anomalies. This paper reviews the behavioral and cognitive effects of prenatal Alcohol exposure. More than 20 years of research are discussed, with a focus on 10, activity, attention, learning, memory, language, motor, and visuospatial abilities in children prenatally exposed to varying amounts of Alcohol, including those with Fetal alco

  • A decrease in the size of the basal ganglia in children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
    Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 1996
    Co-Authors: Sarah N. Mattson, Edward P. Riley, Elizabeth R. Sowell, Terry L. Jernigan, David F. Sobel, Kenneth L. Jones
    Abstract:

    Magnetic resonance imaging was conducted on six children and adolescents with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and seven matched normal controls. Detailed volumetric analyses demonstrated significant reductions in the cerebral vault, basal ganglia, and diencephalon in the children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, compared with control children. In addition, the volume of the cerebellar vault was smaller than controls in 4 of the 6 children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, although the group difference did not reach significance. When the basal ganglia were divided into the caudate and lenticular nuclei, both of these regions were significantly reduced in the children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Finally, when the overall reduction in brain size was controlled, the proportional volume of the basal ganglia and, more specifically, the caudate nucleus was reduced in the children with Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. These results may relate to behavioral findings in both humans and animals exposed to Alcohol prenatally.