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Ruiyu Chen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pyrolysis study of waste phenolic Fibre Reinforced Plastic by thermogravimetry fourier transform infrared mass spectrometry analysis
    Energy Conversion and Management, 2018
    Co-Authors: Ruiyu Chen, Yang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pyrolysis is considered to be a promising method to dispose waste Plastics by thermal cracking into chemicals. Previous studies focus on pyrolysis recycling of waste thermoPlastics. The pyrolysis of waste thermosetting Plastics, which may be different from that of waste thermoPlastics, receives little attention. In order to provide guidance for reactor design and thermo-chemical process management for the pyrolysis recycling of waste thermosetting Plastics, the pyrolysis kinetics, volatile products and reaction mechanisms of one typical waste thermosetting Plastics namely phenolic Fibre-Reinforced Plastic (phenolic FRP) are studied in the present study. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and online TGA-FTIR-mass spectra (MS) analyses are employed. Results indicate that the pyrolysis of waste phenolic FRP in inert atmosphere may be divided into two stages with the threshold conversion rate of 0.2. The average values of activation energy in the first, second and whole pyrolysis process were 174.66 kJ/mol, 233.62 kJ/mol and 223.22 kJ/mol, respectively. The crosslinking between phenol derivatives and breakage of branched chain may result in the occurrence of the first stage, while the occurrence of the second stage may be due to the breakage of chain backbone and oxidation of methylene and hydroxymethyl. Four kinds of gases including H2O, alcohols, aliphatic compounds and carboxylic acids mainly constitute the volatile products in the first stage. The volatile products in the second stage mainly consist of CO, CO2, carboxylic acids and aromatic compounds. The amount of the volatile products in the second stage is much larger than that in the first stage. The maximum amount of these seven gases in the order of most to least is CO2 > CO > alcohols > carboxylic acids > aliphatic compounds > water vapour > aromatic compounds. It may be better to recover the waste phenolic FRP for valuable gases either as fuel or chemical feedstock in the first stage than the second stage.

  • kinetic study on pyrolysis of waste phenolic Fibre Reinforced Plastic
    Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018
    Co-Authors: Ruiyu Chen, Yang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pyrolysis is considered to be a promising method to recycle waste Plastics for fuel or chemical feedstock. In order to provide guidance for reactor design and pyrolysis process management for recycling waste phenolic Fibre-Reinforced Plastic (FRP), the pyrolysis behaviors of waste phenolic FRP is studied employing thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) over a wide heating rate range from 10 K/min to 70 K/min in nitrogen. A two-step consecutive reaction model is proposed to characterize the pyrolysis process. A global optimization algorithm called genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with the two-step consecutive reaction model is used to obtain all the kinetic parameters simultaneously based upon the experimental thermogravimetric data at heating rates of 10, 20 and 30 K/min. The predicted MLR and conversion curves using the optimized kinetic parameters and the two-step consecutive reaction model fit well with the experimental results not only at heating rates of 10, 20 and 30 K/min, but also at heating rates of 50, 60 and 70 K/min which are not used to obtain the kinetic parameters. The optimized kinetic parameters and the two-step consecutive reaction model may be applicable to the pyrolysis of waste phenolic FRP under more practical and complex thermal conditions that can be characterized by various heating rates.

Yang Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pyrolysis study of waste phenolic Fibre Reinforced Plastic by thermogravimetry fourier transform infrared mass spectrometry analysis
    Energy Conversion and Management, 2018
    Co-Authors: Ruiyu Chen, Yang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pyrolysis is considered to be a promising method to dispose waste Plastics by thermal cracking into chemicals. Previous studies focus on pyrolysis recycling of waste thermoPlastics. The pyrolysis of waste thermosetting Plastics, which may be different from that of waste thermoPlastics, receives little attention. In order to provide guidance for reactor design and thermo-chemical process management for the pyrolysis recycling of waste thermosetting Plastics, the pyrolysis kinetics, volatile products and reaction mechanisms of one typical waste thermosetting Plastics namely phenolic Fibre-Reinforced Plastic (phenolic FRP) are studied in the present study. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and online TGA-FTIR-mass spectra (MS) analyses are employed. Results indicate that the pyrolysis of waste phenolic FRP in inert atmosphere may be divided into two stages with the threshold conversion rate of 0.2. The average values of activation energy in the first, second and whole pyrolysis process were 174.66 kJ/mol, 233.62 kJ/mol and 223.22 kJ/mol, respectively. The crosslinking between phenol derivatives and breakage of branched chain may result in the occurrence of the first stage, while the occurrence of the second stage may be due to the breakage of chain backbone and oxidation of methylene and hydroxymethyl. Four kinds of gases including H2O, alcohols, aliphatic compounds and carboxylic acids mainly constitute the volatile products in the first stage. The volatile products in the second stage mainly consist of CO, CO2, carboxylic acids and aromatic compounds. The amount of the volatile products in the second stage is much larger than that in the first stage. The maximum amount of these seven gases in the order of most to least is CO2 > CO > alcohols > carboxylic acids > aliphatic compounds > water vapour > aromatic compounds. It may be better to recover the waste phenolic FRP for valuable gases either as fuel or chemical feedstock in the first stage than the second stage.

  • kinetic study on pyrolysis of waste phenolic Fibre Reinforced Plastic
    Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018
    Co-Authors: Ruiyu Chen, Yang Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Pyrolysis is considered to be a promising method to recycle waste Plastics for fuel or chemical feedstock. In order to provide guidance for reactor design and pyrolysis process management for recycling waste phenolic Fibre-Reinforced Plastic (FRP), the pyrolysis behaviors of waste phenolic FRP is studied employing thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) over a wide heating rate range from 10 K/min to 70 K/min in nitrogen. A two-step consecutive reaction model is proposed to characterize the pyrolysis process. A global optimization algorithm called genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with the two-step consecutive reaction model is used to obtain all the kinetic parameters simultaneously based upon the experimental thermogravimetric data at heating rates of 10, 20 and 30 K/min. The predicted MLR and conversion curves using the optimized kinetic parameters and the two-step consecutive reaction model fit well with the experimental results not only at heating rates of 10, 20 and 30 K/min, but also at heating rates of 50, 60 and 70 K/min which are not used to obtain the kinetic parameters. The optimized kinetic parameters and the two-step consecutive reaction model may be applicable to the pyrolysis of waste phenolic FRP under more practical and complex thermal conditions that can be characterized by various heating rates.

Andrew D F Price - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • improvement of the mechanical properties of glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic waste powder filled concrete
    Construction and Building Materials, 2010
    Co-Authors: Parthasarathi Asokan, Mohamed Osmani, Andrew D F Price
    Abstract:

    Abstract A comprehensive laboratory experiments were conducted to improve the mechanical properties of glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic (GRP) waste powder filled concrete using superPlasticiser for widening the scope for GRP waste recycling for different applications. It is imperative to note that the 28 days mean compressive strength of concrete specimens developed with 5–15% GRP waste powder using 2% superPlasticiser resulted 70.25 ± 1.43–65.21 ± 0.6 N/mm 2 which is about 45% higher than that of without the addition of superPlasticiser (with GRP waste) and about 11% higher than that of the control concrete (without GRP waste) with 2% superPlasticiser. The tensile splitting strength of the concrete showed 4.12 ± 0.05–4.22 ± 0.03 N/mm 2 with 5–15% GRP waste powder which is also higher than that of the control concrete (3.85 ± 0.02 N/mm 2 ). The drying shrinkage, initial surface absorption and density of GRP waste filled concrete were evaluated and found better than the desirable quality for use in structural and non-structural applications.

  • assessing the recycling potential of glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic waste in concrete and cement composites
    Journal of Cleaner Production, 2009
    Co-Authors: Parthasarathi Asokan, Mohamed Osmani, Andrew D F Price
    Abstract:

    At present glass Fibre Reinforced Plastic (GRP) waste recycling worldwide is very limited due to its intrinsic thermoset properties, lack of characterisation data and non availability of viable recycling and recovery routes. In the present study, efforts were made to recycle GRP waste powder and Fibre in concrete and cement composites and assess its quality to comply with the British standards for use in construction applications. Results revealed that the mean compressive strength of concrete composites using 5%–50% GRP waste powder under water curing varied from 37 N/mm2 to 19 N/mm2. Increase in the concentration of GRP waste decreased the compressive strength. However, increase in curing duration (14–180 days) resulted in improving the compressive strength of concrete with 5% GRP application to 45.75 N/mm2. Moreover, the density of concrete with 50% GRP waste was reduced by about 12% as compared to the control sample. The bending strength in terms of modules of rupture (MOR) of 12 mm thickness cement composites developed using 5% GRP waste Fibre attained 16.5 N/mm2. The findings of this work pave the way for further GRP waste recycling in precast construction products for use in various applications.

Valentina Lopresto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • high performance cutting of Fibre Reinforced Plastic composite materials
    Procedia CIRP, 2016
    Co-Authors: Valentina Lopresto, Alessandra Caggiano, Roberto Teti
    Abstract:

    Abstract Composite materials are difficult to machine because of the anisotropy and inhomogeneity of their microstructure and the abrasiveness of their reinforcement components. This low machinability can determine surface integrity damage in the machined parts and very rapid wear development in the cutting tool. To date, conventional machining processes, such as turning, drilling or milling, are increasingly required for composite materials parts manufacturing, and can be successfully applied if proper tool design is achieved and adequate machining conditions are selected. This paper presents an outline of the main issues pertaining the machining of Fibre Reinforced Plastic composite materials.

  • mechanical characterisation of basalt Fibre Reinforced Plastic
    Composites Part B-engineering, 2011
    Co-Authors: Valentina Lopresto, C Leone, I De Iorio
    Abstract:

    Abstract New perspectives have arisen on basalt Fibre applications due to the potential low cost of this material together with its good mechanical performance, in particular at high temperature. The idea to fill these Fibres into a polymer matrix is relatively recent and could offer very interesting perspectives that have not yet been sufficiently investigated. In this work, with the principal aim of evaluating the possibility to replace glass Fibres in most of their applications, mechanical tests were carried out on comparable E-glass and basalt Fibre Reinforced Plastic laminates. The latter were cut by square plates fabricated through vacuum bag technology. The results obtained on the two laminates were compared showing a high performance of the basalt material in terms of young modulus, compressive and bending strength, impact force and energy. These good properties suggest possible applications of basalt Fibres in fields where glass composites are nowadays largely applied. The short-beam strength tests confirmed what above said by denoting an interfacial adhesion similar to that between E-glass and epoxy matrix.

  • mechanical characterisation of basalt Fibre Reinforced Plastic
    Composites Part B-engineering, 2011
    Co-Authors: Valentina Lopresto, C Leone, I De Iorio
    Abstract:

    Abstract New perspectives have arisen on basalt Fibre applications due to the potential low cost of this material together with its good mechanical performance, in particular at high temperature. The idea to fill these Fibres into a polymer matrix is relatively recent and could offer very interesting perspectives that have not yet been sufficiently investigated. In this work, with the principal aim of evaluating the possibility to replace glass Fibres in most of their applications, mechanical tests were carried out on comparable E-glass and basalt Fibre Reinforced Plastic laminates. The latter were cut by square plates fabricated through vacuum bag technology. The results obtained on the two laminates were compared showing a high performance of the basalt material in terms of young modulus, compressive and bending strength, impact force and energy. These good properties suggest possible applications of basalt Fibres in fields where glass composites are nowadays largely applied. The short-beam strength tests confirmed what above said by denoting an interfacial adhesion similar to that between E-glass and epoxy matrix.

I De Iorio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • mechanical characterisation of basalt Fibre Reinforced Plastic
    Composites Part B-engineering, 2011
    Co-Authors: Valentina Lopresto, C Leone, I De Iorio
    Abstract:

    Abstract New perspectives have arisen on basalt Fibre applications due to the potential low cost of this material together with its good mechanical performance, in particular at high temperature. The idea to fill these Fibres into a polymer matrix is relatively recent and could offer very interesting perspectives that have not yet been sufficiently investigated. In this work, with the principal aim of evaluating the possibility to replace glass Fibres in most of their applications, mechanical tests were carried out on comparable E-glass and basalt Fibre Reinforced Plastic laminates. The latter were cut by square plates fabricated through vacuum bag technology. The results obtained on the two laminates were compared showing a high performance of the basalt material in terms of young modulus, compressive and bending strength, impact force and energy. These good properties suggest possible applications of basalt Fibres in fields where glass composites are nowadays largely applied. The short-beam strength tests confirmed what above said by denoting an interfacial adhesion similar to that between E-glass and epoxy matrix.

  • mechanical characterisation of basalt Fibre Reinforced Plastic
    Composites Part B-engineering, 2011
    Co-Authors: Valentina Lopresto, C Leone, I De Iorio
    Abstract:

    Abstract New perspectives have arisen on basalt Fibre applications due to the potential low cost of this material together with its good mechanical performance, in particular at high temperature. The idea to fill these Fibres into a polymer matrix is relatively recent and could offer very interesting perspectives that have not yet been sufficiently investigated. In this work, with the principal aim of evaluating the possibility to replace glass Fibres in most of their applications, mechanical tests were carried out on comparable E-glass and basalt Fibre Reinforced Plastic laminates. The latter were cut by square plates fabricated through vacuum bag technology. The results obtained on the two laminates were compared showing a high performance of the basalt material in terms of young modulus, compressive and bending strength, impact force and energy. These good properties suggest possible applications of basalt Fibres in fields where glass composites are nowadays largely applied. The short-beam strength tests confirmed what above said by denoting an interfacial adhesion similar to that between E-glass and epoxy matrix.