The Experts below are selected from a list of 1893 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Robyn M. Murphy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A fast, reliable and sample-sparing method to identify Fibre types of single muscle Fibres.
Scientific Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Danny Christiansen, Martin J. Macinnis, Evelyn Zacharewicz, Hongyang Xu, Barnaby P. Frankish, Robyn M. MurphyAbstract:Many skeletal muscle proteins are present in a cell-specific or Fibre-type dependent manner. Stimuli such as exercise, aging, and disease have been reported to result in Fibre-specific responses in protein abundances. Thus, Fibre-type-specific determination of the content of specific proteins provides enhanced mechanistic understanding of muscle physiology and biochemistry compared with typically performed whole-muscle homogenate analyses. This analysis, however, is laborious and typically not performed. We present a novel dot blotting method for easy and rapid determination of skeletal muscle Fibre type based on myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform presence. Requiring only small amounts of starting muscle tissue (i.e., 2–10 mg wet weight), muscle Fibre type is determined in one-tenth of a 1–3-mm Fibre Segment, with the remainder of each Segment pooled with Fibre Segments of the same type (I or II) for subsequent protein quantification by western blotting. This method, which we validated using standard western blotting, is much simpler and cheaper than previous methods and is adaptable for laboratories routinely performing biochemical analyses. Use of dot blotting for Fibre typing will facilitate investigations of Fibre-specific responses to diverse stimuli, which will advance our understanding of skeletal muscle physiology and biochemistry.
Marcelo A Soto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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distributed forward brillouin sensor based on local light phase recovery
Nature Communications, 2018Co-Authors: Desmond M Chow, Zhisheng Yang, Marcelo A SotoAbstract:The distributed Fibre sensing technology based on backward stimulated Brillouin scattering (BSBS) is experiencing a rapid development. However, all reported implementations of distributed Brillouin Fibre sensors until today are restricted to detecting physical parameters inside the Fibre core. On the contrary, forward stimulated Brillouin scattering (FSBS), due to its resonating transverse acoustic waves, is being studied recently to facilitate innovative detections in the Fibre surroundings, opening sensing domains that are impossible with BSBS. Nevertheless, due to the co-propagating behaviour of the pump and scattered lights, it is a challenge to position-resolve FSBS information along a Fibre. Here we show a distributed FSBS analysis based on recovering the FSBS induced phase change of the propagating light waves. A spatial resolution of 15 m is achieved over a length of 730 m and the local acoustic impedances of water and ethanol in a 30 m-long uncoated Fibre Segment are measured, agreeing well with the standard values. Conventional distributed Brillouin sensing allows real-time sampling at high spatial resolution, but is so far restricted to measuring quantities inside the Fibre core. Here, Chow et al. demonstrate a distributed forward Brillouin sensor that is sensitive to quantities outside the Fibre bulk.
John A Faulkner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sarcomere dynamics and contraction induced injury to maximally activated single muscle Fibres from soleus muscles of rats
The Journal of Physiology, 1997Co-Authors: Peter C D Macpherson, Robert G Dennis, John A FaulknerAbstract:1. The focal nature of contraction-induced injury to skeletal muscle Fibres may arise from heterogeneities in sarcomere length that develop during contractions. We tested the hypothesis that when a maximally activated single permeabilized Fibre Segment is stretched and a deficit in maximum isometric force (force deficit) is produced, the regions of sarcomeres with the longest lengths of prior to the stretch contain the majority of the damaged sarcomeres when the Fibre is returned to optimum length (Lo) after the stretch. 2. Single Fibre Segments (n = 16) were obtained from soleus muscles of rats. Average sarcomere length at five discrete positions along the length of each Fibre was determined by lateral deflection of a diode laser spot. Diffraction patterns were obtained while Fibres were relaxed and immediately before, during and after a single stretch of 40% strain relative to Lo. Following the stretch, the regions of each Fibre that potentially contained damaged sarcomeres were identified by an increased scatter of the first-order diffraction patterns. The damage was confirmed by light and electron microscopy. 3. While single Fibre Segments were in relaxing solution, the mean value for all of the average sarcomere lengths sampled (n = 80) was 2.53 +/- 0.01 microns (range, 2.40-2.68 microns). During the maximum isometric contraction before each stretch, the mean sarcomere length decreased to 2.42 +/- 0.02 microns and the range increased to 2.12-3.01 microns. 4. During the stretch of 40% strain, all regions of sarcomeres were stretched onto the descending limb of the length-force curve, but sarcomere lengthening was non-uniform. After the stretch, when the maximally activated Fibres were returned to Lo, the force deficit was 10 +/- 1%. Microscopic evaluation confirmed that the regions with the longest sarcomere lengths before the stretch contained the majority of the damaged sarcomeres after the stretch. We conclude that when heterogeneities in sarcomere length develop in single permeabilized Fibre Segments during a maximum isometric contraction, the sarcomeres in the regions with the longest lengths are the most susceptible to contraction-induced injury.
Danny Christiansen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A fast, reliable and sample-sparing method to identify Fibre types of single muscle Fibres.
Scientific Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Danny Christiansen, Martin J. Macinnis, Evelyn Zacharewicz, Hongyang Xu, Barnaby P. Frankish, Robyn M. MurphyAbstract:Many skeletal muscle proteins are present in a cell-specific or Fibre-type dependent manner. Stimuli such as exercise, aging, and disease have been reported to result in Fibre-specific responses in protein abundances. Thus, Fibre-type-specific determination of the content of specific proteins provides enhanced mechanistic understanding of muscle physiology and biochemistry compared with typically performed whole-muscle homogenate analyses. This analysis, however, is laborious and typically not performed. We present a novel dot blotting method for easy and rapid determination of skeletal muscle Fibre type based on myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform presence. Requiring only small amounts of starting muscle tissue (i.e., 2–10 mg wet weight), muscle Fibre type is determined in one-tenth of a 1–3-mm Fibre Segment, with the remainder of each Segment pooled with Fibre Segments of the same type (I or II) for subsequent protein quantification by western blotting. This method, which we validated using standard western blotting, is much simpler and cheaper than previous methods and is adaptable for laboratories routinely performing biochemical analyses. Use of dot blotting for Fibre typing will facilitate investigations of Fibre-specific responses to diverse stimuli, which will advance our understanding of skeletal muscle physiology and biochemistry.
Barnaby P. Frankish - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A fast, reliable and sample-sparing method to identify Fibre types of single muscle Fibres.
Scientific Reports, 2019Co-Authors: Danny Christiansen, Martin J. Macinnis, Evelyn Zacharewicz, Hongyang Xu, Barnaby P. Frankish, Robyn M. MurphyAbstract:Many skeletal muscle proteins are present in a cell-specific or Fibre-type dependent manner. Stimuli such as exercise, aging, and disease have been reported to result in Fibre-specific responses in protein abundances. Thus, Fibre-type-specific determination of the content of specific proteins provides enhanced mechanistic understanding of muscle physiology and biochemistry compared with typically performed whole-muscle homogenate analyses. This analysis, however, is laborious and typically not performed. We present a novel dot blotting method for easy and rapid determination of skeletal muscle Fibre type based on myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoform presence. Requiring only small amounts of starting muscle tissue (i.e., 2–10 mg wet weight), muscle Fibre type is determined in one-tenth of a 1–3-mm Fibre Segment, with the remainder of each Segment pooled with Fibre Segments of the same type (I or II) for subsequent protein quantification by western blotting. This method, which we validated using standard western blotting, is much simpler and cheaper than previous methods and is adaptable for laboratories routinely performing biochemical analyses. Use of dot blotting for Fibre typing will facilitate investigations of Fibre-specific responses to diverse stimuli, which will advance our understanding of skeletal muscle physiology and biochemistry.