The Experts below are selected from a list of 10179 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Chuen-shii Chou - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Moving granular Filter Bed of quartz sand with louvered-walls and flow-corrective inserts
Powder Technology, 2007Co-Authors: Chuen-shii Chou, Shun-hsing ChenAbstract:Abstract This study investigated the effect of a simple flow-corrective element, a vertical plate, on the flow patterns and wall stresses in a two-dimensional louvered-wall moving granular Filter Bed of quartz sand. The static wall stress distributions produced by the granular solids were measured, and compared with the theoretical prediction, using the differential slice and Runge–Kutta (order four) methods. The variations in the dynamic wall stresses over time were obtained using a two-directional pressure gauge. The results show that a vertical plate placed in each stage of the granular Filter Bed effectively diminished the quasi-stagnant zone adjacent to the louvered-wall, and reduced the wall pressure pulsation. For example, the ratio of the stagnant zone area in the second stage to the area of quartz sand in the second stage decreased from 50.66% (without an insert) to 27.86% (with a vertical plate). The maximum dynamic normal wall stress on the convergent section of third-stage louvered-wall (louver angle: 40°) declined remarkably from 9.95 kPa (without an insert) to 5.9 kPa (with a vertical plate), and then the reduction of the maximum dynamic normal wall stress was up to 40.7%. Furthermore, a vertical plate installed at an appropriate location satisfies the following requirements: (1) it shrinks the stagnant zone and reduces the wall stresses on the louvered wall of a moving granular Filter Bed; and (2) it solves the potential problem of a roof-type insert, on which the stagnant zone may sit.
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Flow patterns and wall stresses in a moving granular Filter Bed with an asymmetric louvered-wall and obstacles
Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 2006Co-Authors: Chuen-shii Chou, T.l. Yang, J.c. ChangAbstract:This study investigated the flow patterns and wall stresses in a two-dimensional asymmetric louvered-wall moving granular Filter Bed with an obstacle placed at each stage of the granular Filter Bed. The obstacles utilized were: (1) a single vertical plate and (2) a wedge-shaped obstacle comprising a left-vertical-plate and a right-inclined-plate. A digital camcorder was used to record the flow pattern histories of the granular solids in the moving granular Filter Bed. The instantaneous vertical velocity distribution at a certain height from the bottom of the third stage in a two-dimensional asymmetric louvered-wall granular Filter Bed was determined from two successive flow images. The static stresses and the variations in the dynamic wall stresses with time were obtained using a two-directional pressure gauge, which could simultaneously measure the normal and shear stresses of the granular solids. The preliminary theoretical study of the obstacle's placement in the asymmetric louvered-wall moving granular Filter Bed was proposed. The magnitude of the average dynamic normal stress on the convergent section of the louvered-wall greatly exceeds that on the vertical section of the louvered-wall. A wedge-shaped obstacle (or a single vertical plate) placed at a proper location, which causes two asymmetric flowing streams in the granular Bed, may increase the velocity and refreshing rate of the Filter granules in the quasi-stagnant zone near the louvered-wall and further the overall dust collection efficiency of the Filter granules because the central flowing core above exit is not evident in the granular Bed. Additionally, a wedge-shaped obstacle installed at an appropriate location, which consists of a left-vertical-plate and a right-inclined-plate, satisfies the following requirements: (1) it keeps the granules in the left part of the granular Bed away from the obstacle, preventing interference therewith; (2) it shrinks stagnant zone and declines the normal stress on the convergent section of the louvered-wall in the right part of the granular Bed; and (3) it solves the potential problem of a roof-type insert, on which the stagnant zone may sit.
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Flow patterns and wall stresses in a moving granular Filter Bed with a curved symmetric louvered wall
Advanced Powder Technology, 2005Co-Authors: Chuen-shii Chou, T.l. YangAbstract:Abstract This study investigated the flow patterns and wall stresses in a two-dimensional moving granular Filter Bed with a curved and symmetric louvered wall. A digital camcorder was used to record the flow pattern histories of the granular solids in the moving granular Filter Bed. The numerical predictions of the flow patterns were implemented using the discrete element method and compared with the experimental results. The variations in the dynamic wall stresses with time were obtained using a pressure gauge, which could simultaneously measure the normal and shear stresses of the granular solids. The effects of the curvature of the louvered wall and the exit width upon the flow patterns and the wall stresses were also elucidated. For a fixed value of radius of curvature, the ratio of the quasi-stagnant zone (Q-SZ) area in the third stage to the granular Bed area in the third stage increases with decreasing width of the exit, but the average dynamic normal stress on the curved louvered wall increases with increasing width of the exit. For a fixed value of the exit width, both the ratio of the Q-SZ area in the third stage to the granular Bed area in the third stage and the average dynamic normal stress on the curved louvered wall increase with increasing radius of curvature. Additionally, the curved louvered wall can not only shrink the area of the Q-SZ in the granular Bed, but also reduce the dynamic normal stress on the louvered wall.
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The Flow Patterns and Wall Stresses in a Louvered‐Wall Moving Granular Filter Bed of Quartz Sand
Particle & Particle Systems Characterization, 2004Co-Authors: Chuen-shii Chou, Huang-hsiang ChenAbstract:The flow patterns and wall stresses in a two-dimensional louvered moving granular Filter Bed of quartz sand were investigated. The flow pattern histories of granular solids in the Filter Bed were recorded using a digital camcorder and a pressure gauge for simultaneously measuring the normal stresses as well as shear stresses of the granular solids. The static wall stress distributions produced by the granular solids were measured, and agreed with a theoretical prediction formed using the differential slice and Runge-Kutta (order four) methods. The variations in the dynamic wall stresses with time in a moving granular Filter Bed were obtained and the effect of the louver angle upon the flow patterns and wall stresses was also investigated. Employing the results obtained by stress measurements and image processing, the wall pressure pulsation phenomena in a moving granular Filter Bed may be further understood. The results reported here provide fundamental information for the design of moving granular Filter Beds to act as high-temperature flue gas cleanup Filters.
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The kinematic model for granular flow in a two‐dimensional symmetrical louvered moving granular Filter Bed
Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2004Co-Authors: Chuen-shii ChouAbstract:Abstract Employing the kinematic model by Nedderman and Tuzun (1979) and the boundary conditions for granular media in the convergent louver section of a two‐dimensional symmetrical louvered‐wall moving granular Filter Bed, a boundary‐value problem was constructed. The profiles of the horizontal and vertical velocity components for the convergent louver section in a symmetrical louvered‐wall moving granular Filter Bed were then calculated. The theoretical results obtained using the kinematic model proposed in this paper agree with the experimental data obtained by Hsiau et al. (1999) and Guu (2000) reasonably well.
Paul F. Greenfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterizing The Physical And Chemical Properties of a Vermicompost Filter Bed
Compost Science & Utilization, 2004Co-Authors: Michael D. Taylor, William P. Clarke, Paul F. Greenfield, G.j. SwainAbstract:Vermicompost filtration is a new on-site waste treatment system. Consequently, little is known about the Filter medium properties. The aim of this preliminary study was to quantify physical and compositional properties of vermicompost Filter Beds that had been used to treat domestic solid organic waste and wastewater. This paper presents the trials performed on pilot-scale reactors filled with vermicompost from a full-scale vermicompost filtration system. Household solid organic waste and raw wastewater at the rate of 130 L/m2/d was applied to the reactor Bed surface over a four-month period. It was found that fresh casts laid on the Bed surface had a BOD of 1290 mg/g VS while casts buried to a depth of 10 cm had a BOD of 605 mg/g VS. Below this depth there was little further biodegradation of earthworm casts despite cast ages of up to five years. Solid material in the reactor accounted for only 7-10% of the reactor volume. The total voidage comprised of large free-draining pores, which accounted for 15-2...
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the treatment of domestic wastewater using small scale vermicompost Filter Beds
Ecological Engineering, 2003Co-Authors: Michael D. Taylor, William P. Clarke, Paul F. GreenfieldAbstract:The aim of this study is to quantity the effect of Filter Bed depth and solid waste inputs on the performance of small-scale vermicompost Filter Beds that treat the soluble contaminants within domestic wastewater. The study also aims to identify environmental conditions within the Filters by quantifying the oxygen content and pH of wastewater held within it. Vermicompost is being utilised within commercially available on-site domestic waste treatment systems however, there are few reported studies that have examined this medium for the purpose of wastewater treatment. Three replicate small-scale reactors were designed to enable wastewater sampling at five reactor depths in 10-cm intervals. The surface of each reactor received household solid organic waste and 1301 m(-2) per day of raw domestic wastewater. The solid waste at the Filter Bed surface leached oxygen demand into the wastewater flowing through it. The oxygen demand was subsequently removed in lower reactor sections. Both nitrification and denitrification occurred in the Bed. The extent of denitrification was a function of BOD leached from the solid waste. The environmental conditions measured within the Bed were found to be suitable for earthworms living within them. The study identified factors that will affect the performance and application of the vermicompost filtration technology. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Qian-qian Zhong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sorption of phosphate onto giant reed based adsorbent ftir raman spectrum analysis and dynamic sorption desorption properties in Filter Bed
Bioresource Technology, 2011Co-Authors: Baoyu Gao, Qinyan Yue, Qian-qian ZhongAbstract:Abstract A sorption process for the removal of phosphate was evaluated under various conditions using a Filter Bed packed with giant reed (GR) based adsorbent. FTIR spectrum measurement validated the existence of grafted amine groups in the adsorbent and Raman spectrum displayed the characteristic peaks of different forms of phosphate. The column sorption capacity of the adsorbent for phosphate was 54.67 mg g−1 in comparison with the raw GR of 0.863 mg g−1. Influent pH demonstrated an essential effect on the performance of the Filter Bed as compared to other influent conditions (flow rates and influent concentrations) and the optimal pH was selected at 5.0–10.0. Eluents of HCl, NaOH and NaCl solutions with concentrations of 0.01–0.1 mol l−1 showed the excellent capacities for desorption of phosphate from the adsorbent, and their elution processes could be finished in 90 min.
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Sorption of phosphate onto giant reed based adsorbent: FTIR, Raman spectrum analysis and dynamic sorption/desorption properties in Filter Bed.
Bioresource technology, 2010Co-Authors: Baoyu Gao, Qinyan Yue, Qian-qian ZhongAbstract:Abstract A sorption process for the removal of phosphate was evaluated under various conditions using a Filter Bed packed with giant reed (GR) based adsorbent. FTIR spectrum measurement validated the existence of grafted amine groups in the adsorbent and Raman spectrum displayed the characteristic peaks of different forms of phosphate. The column sorption capacity of the adsorbent for phosphate was 54.67 mg g−1 in comparison with the raw GR of 0.863 mg g−1. Influent pH demonstrated an essential effect on the performance of the Filter Bed as compared to other influent conditions (flow rates and influent concentrations) and the optimal pH was selected at 5.0–10.0. Eluents of HCl, NaOH and NaCl solutions with concentrations of 0.01–0.1 mol l−1 showed the excellent capacities for desorption of phosphate from the adsorbent, and their elution processes could be finished in 90 min.
Michael D. Taylor - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterizing The Physical And Chemical Properties of a Vermicompost Filter Bed
Compost Science & Utilization, 2004Co-Authors: Michael D. Taylor, William P. Clarke, Paul F. Greenfield, G.j. SwainAbstract:Vermicompost filtration is a new on-site waste treatment system. Consequently, little is known about the Filter medium properties. The aim of this preliminary study was to quantify physical and compositional properties of vermicompost Filter Beds that had been used to treat domestic solid organic waste and wastewater. This paper presents the trials performed on pilot-scale reactors filled with vermicompost from a full-scale vermicompost filtration system. Household solid organic waste and raw wastewater at the rate of 130 L/m2/d was applied to the reactor Bed surface over a four-month period. It was found that fresh casts laid on the Bed surface had a BOD of 1290 mg/g VS while casts buried to a depth of 10 cm had a BOD of 605 mg/g VS. Below this depth there was little further biodegradation of earthworm casts despite cast ages of up to five years. Solid material in the reactor accounted for only 7-10% of the reactor volume. The total voidage comprised of large free-draining pores, which accounted for 15-2...
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the treatment of domestic wastewater using small scale vermicompost Filter Beds
Ecological Engineering, 2003Co-Authors: Michael D. Taylor, William P. Clarke, Paul F. GreenfieldAbstract:The aim of this study is to quantity the effect of Filter Bed depth and solid waste inputs on the performance of small-scale vermicompost Filter Beds that treat the soluble contaminants within domestic wastewater. The study also aims to identify environmental conditions within the Filters by quantifying the oxygen content and pH of wastewater held within it. Vermicompost is being utilised within commercially available on-site domestic waste treatment systems however, there are few reported studies that have examined this medium for the purpose of wastewater treatment. Three replicate small-scale reactors were designed to enable wastewater sampling at five reactor depths in 10-cm intervals. The surface of each reactor received household solid organic waste and 1301 m(-2) per day of raw domestic wastewater. The solid waste at the Filter Bed surface leached oxygen demand into the wastewater flowing through it. The oxygen demand was subsequently removed in lower reactor sections. Both nitrification and denitrification occurred in the Bed. The extent of denitrification was a function of BOD leached from the solid waste. The environmental conditions measured within the Bed were found to be suitable for earthworms living within them. The study identified factors that will affect the performance and application of the vermicompost filtration technology. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Baoyu Gao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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sorption of phosphate onto giant reed based adsorbent ftir raman spectrum analysis and dynamic sorption desorption properties in Filter Bed
Bioresource Technology, 2011Co-Authors: Baoyu Gao, Qinyan Yue, Qian-qian ZhongAbstract:Abstract A sorption process for the removal of phosphate was evaluated under various conditions using a Filter Bed packed with giant reed (GR) based adsorbent. FTIR spectrum measurement validated the existence of grafted amine groups in the adsorbent and Raman spectrum displayed the characteristic peaks of different forms of phosphate. The column sorption capacity of the adsorbent for phosphate was 54.67 mg g−1 in comparison with the raw GR of 0.863 mg g−1. Influent pH demonstrated an essential effect on the performance of the Filter Bed as compared to other influent conditions (flow rates and influent concentrations) and the optimal pH was selected at 5.0–10.0. Eluents of HCl, NaOH and NaCl solutions with concentrations of 0.01–0.1 mol l−1 showed the excellent capacities for desorption of phosphate from the adsorbent, and their elution processes could be finished in 90 min.
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Sorption of phosphate onto giant reed based adsorbent: FTIR, Raman spectrum analysis and dynamic sorption/desorption properties in Filter Bed.
Bioresource technology, 2010Co-Authors: Baoyu Gao, Qinyan Yue, Qian-qian ZhongAbstract:Abstract A sorption process for the removal of phosphate was evaluated under various conditions using a Filter Bed packed with giant reed (GR) based adsorbent. FTIR spectrum measurement validated the existence of grafted amine groups in the adsorbent and Raman spectrum displayed the characteristic peaks of different forms of phosphate. The column sorption capacity of the adsorbent for phosphate was 54.67 mg g−1 in comparison with the raw GR of 0.863 mg g−1. Influent pH demonstrated an essential effect on the performance of the Filter Bed as compared to other influent conditions (flow rates and influent concentrations) and the optimal pH was selected at 5.0–10.0. Eluents of HCl, NaOH and NaCl solutions with concentrations of 0.01–0.1 mol l−1 showed the excellent capacities for desorption of phosphate from the adsorbent, and their elution processes could be finished in 90 min.
