The Experts below are selected from a list of 141054 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
John P Incardona - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Molecular Mechanisms of Crude Oil Developmental Toxicity in Fish
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2017Co-Authors: John P IncardonaAbstract:With major oil spills in Korea, the United States, and China in the past decade, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of studies characterizing the Developmental toxicity of crude oil and its associated polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs). The use of model Fish species with associated tools for genetic manipulation, combined with high throughput genomics techniques in nonmodel Fish species, has led to significant advances in understanding the cellular and molecular bases of functional and morphological defects arising from embryonic exposure to crude oil. Following from the identification of the developing heart as the primary target of crude oil Developmental toxicity, studies on individual PACs have revealed a diversity of cardiotoxic mechanisms. For some PACs that are strong agonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), defects in heart Development arise in an AHR-dependent manner, which has been shown for potent organochlorine agonists, such as dioxins. However, crude oil contains a much larger fraction of compounds that have been found to interfere directly with cardiomyocyte physiology in an AHR-independent manner. By comparing the cellular and molecular responses to AHR-independent and AHR-dependent toxicity, this review focuses on new insights into heart-specific pathways underlying both acute and secondary adverse outcomes to crude oil exposure during Fish Development.
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evaluating the effects of forestry herbicides on Fish Development using rapid phenotypic screens
North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 2009Co-Authors: Carla M Stehr, Nathaniel L Scholz, Tiffany L Linbo, David H Baldwin, John P IncardonaAbstract:Abstract Herbicides are used to control invasive or noxious plants on public lands throughout the western United States. These chemicals are often applied in the upper reaches of watersheds that provide spawning and rearing habitat for anadromous species of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp., steelhead O. mykiss, and bull trout Salvelinus confluentus. As a consequence, natural resource managers must often weigh the ecological benefits of using herbicides to control nonnative plants against the potential for unintended toxicological impacts on salmonids, particularly during early life stages. However, the effects of chemical control agents on Fish Development have not been widely investigated. Their use in the vicinity of aquatic habitats, including areas that support threatened and endangered species, is therefore a concern. To address this uncertainty, we used the zebraFish Danio rerio as a model experimental system for investigating Developmental toxicity, which involved conducting rapid and sensitive phe...
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aryl hydrocarbon receptor independent toxicity of weathered crude oil during Fish Development
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2005Co-Authors: John P Incardona, Hiroki Teraoka, Mark G Carls, Catherine A Sloan, Tracy K Collier, Nathaniel L ScholzAbstract:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), derived largely from fossil fuels and their combustion, are pervasive contaminants in rivers, lakes, and nearshore marine habitats. Studies after the Exxon Valdez oil spill demonstrated that Fish embryos exposed to low levels of PAHs in weathered crude oil develop a syndrome of edema and craniofacial and body axis defects. Although mechanisms leading to these defects are poorly understood, it is widely held that PAH toxicity is linked to aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) binding and cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) induction. Using zebraFish embryos, we show that the weathered crude oil syndrome is distinct from the well-characterized AhR-dependent effects of dioxin toxicity. Blockade of AhR pathway components with antisense morpholino oligonucleotides demonstrated that the key Developmental defects induced by weathered crude oil exposure are mediated by low-molecular-weight tricyclic PAHs through AhR-independent disruption of cardiovascular function and morphogenesis. These findings have multiple implications for the assessment of PAH impacts on coastal habitats.
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aryl hydrocarbon receptor independent toxicity of weathered crude oil during Fish Development
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2005Co-Authors: John P Incardona, Hiroki Teraoka, Mark G Carls, Catherine A Sloan, Tracy K Collier, Nathaniel L ScholzAbstract:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), derived largely from fossil fuels and their combustion, are pervasive contaminants in rivers, lakes, and nearshore marine habitats. Studies after the Exxon Valdez oil spill demonstrated that Fish embryos exposed to low levels of PAHs in weathered crude oil develop a syndrome of edema and craniofacial and body axis defects. Although mechanisms leading to these defects are poorly understood, it is widely held that PAH toxicity is linked to aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) binding and cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) induction. Using zebraFish embryos, we show that the weathered crude oil syndrome is distinct from the well-characterized AhR-dependent effects of dioxin toxicity. Blockade of AhR pathway components with antisense morpholino oligonucleotides demonstrated that the key Developmental defects induced by weathered crude oil exposure are mediated by low-molecular-weight tricyclic PAHs through AhR-independent disruption of cardiovascular function and morphogenesis. These findings have multiple implications for the assessment of PAH impacts on coastal habitats.
Nathaniel L Scholz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating the effects of forestry herbicides on Fish Development using rapid phenotypic screens
North American Journal of Fisheries Management, 2009Co-Authors: Carla M Stehr, Nathaniel L Scholz, Tiffany L Linbo, David H Baldwin, John P IncardonaAbstract:Abstract Herbicides are used to control invasive or noxious plants on public lands throughout the western United States. These chemicals are often applied in the upper reaches of watersheds that provide spawning and rearing habitat for anadromous species of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp., steelhead O. mykiss, and bull trout Salvelinus confluentus. As a consequence, natural resource managers must often weigh the ecological benefits of using herbicides to control nonnative plants against the potential for unintended toxicological impacts on salmonids, particularly during early life stages. However, the effects of chemical control agents on Fish Development have not been widely investigated. Their use in the vicinity of aquatic habitats, including areas that support threatened and endangered species, is therefore a concern. To address this uncertainty, we used the zebraFish Danio rerio as a model experimental system for investigating Developmental toxicity, which involved conducting rapid and sensitive phe...
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aryl hydrocarbon receptor independent toxicity of weathered crude oil during Fish Development
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2005Co-Authors: John P Incardona, Hiroki Teraoka, Mark G Carls, Catherine A Sloan, Tracy K Collier, Nathaniel L ScholzAbstract:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), derived largely from fossil fuels and their combustion, are pervasive contaminants in rivers, lakes, and nearshore marine habitats. Studies after the Exxon Valdez oil spill demonstrated that Fish embryos exposed to low levels of PAHs in weathered crude oil develop a syndrome of edema and craniofacial and body axis defects. Although mechanisms leading to these defects are poorly understood, it is widely held that PAH toxicity is linked to aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) binding and cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) induction. Using zebraFish embryos, we show that the weathered crude oil syndrome is distinct from the well-characterized AhR-dependent effects of dioxin toxicity. Blockade of AhR pathway components with antisense morpholino oligonucleotides demonstrated that the key Developmental defects induced by weathered crude oil exposure are mediated by low-molecular-weight tricyclic PAHs through AhR-independent disruption of cardiovascular function and morphogenesis. These findings have multiple implications for the assessment of PAH impacts on coastal habitats.
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aryl hydrocarbon receptor independent toxicity of weathered crude oil during Fish Development
Environmental Health Perspectives, 2005Co-Authors: John P Incardona, Hiroki Teraoka, Mark G Carls, Catherine A Sloan, Tracy K Collier, Nathaniel L ScholzAbstract:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), derived largely from fossil fuels and their combustion, are pervasive contaminants in rivers, lakes, and nearshore marine habitats. Studies after the Exxon Valdez oil spill demonstrated that Fish embryos exposed to low levels of PAHs in weathered crude oil develop a syndrome of edema and craniofacial and body axis defects. Although mechanisms leading to these defects are poorly understood, it is widely held that PAH toxicity is linked to aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) binding and cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) induction. Using zebraFish embryos, we show that the weathered crude oil syndrome is distinct from the well-characterized AhR-dependent effects of dioxin toxicity. Blockade of AhR pathway components with antisense morpholino oligonucleotides demonstrated that the key Developmental defects induced by weathered crude oil exposure are mediated by low-molecular-weight tricyclic PAHs through AhR-independent disruption of cardiovascular function and morphogenesis. These findings have multiple implications for the assessment of PAH impacts on coastal habitats.
Igor Babiak - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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differential expression patterns of conserved mirnas and isomirs during atlantic halibut Development
BMC Genomics, 2012Co-Authors: Teshome Tilahun Bizuayehu, Carlos Fredrico Ceccon Lanes, Tomasz Furmanek, Bard Ove Karlsen, Steinar Johansen, Jorge M O Fernandes, Igor BabiakAbstract:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a major role in animal ontogenesis. Size variants of miRNAs, isomiRs, are observed along with the main miRNA types, but their origin and possible biological role are uncovered yet. Developmental profiles of miRNAs have been reported in few Fish species only and, to our knowledge, differential expressions of isomiRs have not yet been shown during Fish Development. Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus L., undergoes dramatic metamorphosis during early Development from symmetrical pelagic larval stage to unsymmetrical flatFish. No data exist on role of miRNAs in halibut metamorphosis. miRNA profiling using SOLiD deep sequencing technology revealed a total of 199 conserved, one novel antisense, and one miRNA* mature form. Digital expression profiles of selected miRNAs were validated using reverse transcription quantitative PCR. We found Developmental transition-specific miRNA expression. Expression of some miRNA* exceeded the guide strand miRNA. We revealed that nucleotide truncations and/or additions at the 3' end of mature miRNAs resulted in size variants showing differential expression patterns during the Development in a number of miRNA families. We confirmed the presence of isomiRs by cloning and Sanger sequencing. Also, we found inverse relationship between expression levels of sense/antisense miRNAs during halibut Development. Developmental transitions during early Development of Atlantic halibut are associated with expression of certain miRNA types. IsomiRs are abundant and often show differential expression during the Development.
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differential expression patterns of conserved mirnas and isomirs during atlantic halibut Development
BMC Genomics, 2012Co-Authors: Teshome Tilahun Bizuayehu, Carlos Fredrico Ceccon Lanes, Tomasz Furmanek, Bard Ove Karlsen, Steinar Johansen, Jorge M O Fernandes, Igor BabiakAbstract:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a major role in animal ontogenesis. Size variants of miRNAs, isomiRs, are observed along with the main miRNA types, but their origin and possible biological role are uncovered yet. Developmental profiles of miRNAs have been reported in few Fish species only and, to our knowledge, differential expressions of isomiRs have not yet been shown during Fish Development. Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus L., undergoes dramatic metamorphosis during early Development from symmetrical pelagic larval stage to unsymmetrical flatFish. No data exist on role of miRNAs in halibut metamorphosis. miRNA profiling using SOLiD deep sequencing technology revealed a total of 199 conserved, one novel antisense, and one miRNA* mature form. Digital expression profiles of selected miRNAs were validated using reverse transcription quantitative PCR. We found Developmental transition-specific miRNA expression. Expression of some miRNA* exceeded the guide strand miRNA. We revealed that nucleotide truncations and/or additions at the 3' end of mature miRNAs resulted in size variants showing differential expression patterns during the Development in a number of miRNA families. We confirmed the presence of isomiRs by cloning and Sanger sequencing. Also, we found inverse relationship between expression levels of sense/antisense miRNAs during halibut Development. Developmental transitions during early Development of Atlantic halibut are associated with expression of certain miRNA types. IsomiRs are abundant and often show differential expression during the Development.
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selection of suitable reference genes for real time pcr studies of atlantic halibut Development
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B, 2008Co-Authors: Jorge M O Fernandes, Igor Babiak, Maren Mommens, Ørjan Hagen, Christel SolbergAbstract:Gene expression studies are fundamental to understand the molecular basis of severe malformations in Fish Development, particularly under aquaculture conditions. Real-time PCR (qPCR) is the most accurate method of quantifying gene expression, provided that suitable endogenous controls are used to normalize the data. To date, no reference genes have been validated for Developmental gene expression studies in Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). We have determined the expression profiles of 6 candidate reference genes (Actb, Eef2, Fau, Gapdh, Tubb2 and 18S rRNA) in 6 embryonic and 5 larval stages of Atlantic halibut Development. There were significant changes in expression levels throughout Development, which stress the importance and complexity of finding appropriate reference genes. The three software applications (BestKeeper, geNorm and NormFinder) used to evaluate the stability of potential reference genes produced comparable results. Tubb2 and Actb were the most stable genes across the different Developmental stages, whereas 18S rRNA and Gapdh were the most variable genes and thus inappropriate to use as reference genes. According to geNorm and NormFinder, the best two-gene normalization factors corresponded to the geometric average of Tubb2/Actb and Tbb2/Fau, respectively. We believe that either of these normalization factors can be used for future Developmental gene expression studies in Atlantic halibut.
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selection of suitable reference genes for real time pcr studies of atlantic halibut Development
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B, 2008Co-Authors: Jorge M O Fernandes, Igor Babiak, Maren Mommens, Ørjan Hagen, Christel SolbergAbstract:Gene expression studies are fundamental to understand the molecular basis of severe malformations in Fish Development, particularly under aquaculture conditions. Real-time PCR (qPCR) is the most accurate method of quantifying gene expression, provided that suitable endogenous controls are used to normalize the data. To date, no reference genes have been validated for Developmental gene expression studies in Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). We have determined the expression profiles of 6 candidate reference genes (Actb, Eef2, Fau, Gapdh, Tubb2 and 18S rRNA) in 6 embryonic and 5 larval stages of Atlantic halibut Development. There were significant changes in expression levels throughout Development, which stress the importance and complexity of finding appropriate reference genes. The three software applications (BestKeeper, geNorm and NormFinder) used to evaluate the stability of potential reference genes produced comparable results. Tubb2 and Actb were the most stable genes across the different Developmental stages, whereas 18S rRNA and Gapdh were the most variable genes and thus inappropriate to use as reference genes. According to geNorm and NormFinder, the best two-gene normalization factors corresponded to the geometric average of Tubb2/Actb and Tbb2/Fau, respectively. We believe that either of these normalization factors can be used for future Developmental gene expression studies in Atlantic halibut.
Karen P. Maruska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Noise during mouthbrooding impairs maternal care behaviors and juvenile Development and alters brain transcriptomes in the African cichlid Fish Astatotilapia burtoni.
Genes brain and behavior, 2020Co-Authors: Julie M Butler, Karen P. MaruskaAbstract:Anthropogenic noise has increased underwater ambient sound levels in the range in which most Fishes detect and produce acoustic signals. Although the impacts of increased background noise on Fish Development have been studied in a variety of species, there is a paucity of information on how noise affects parental care. Mouthbrooding is an energetically costly form of parental care in which the brooding Fish carries developing larvae in the buccal cavity for the duration of Development. In the African cichlid Astatotilapia burtoni, females carry their brood for ~2 weeks during which time they do not eat. To test the hypothesis that increased background noise impacts maternal care behaviors and brood Development, we exposed brooding females to a 3-h period of excess noise (~140 dB) played through an underwater speaker. Over half of noise-exposed brooding females cannibalized or pre-maturely released their brood, but 90% of control females exhibited normal brooding behaviors. RNA-seq analysis revealed that transcripts related to feeding and parental care were differentially expressed in the brains of noise-exposed females. Juveniles that were exposed to noise during their brood period within the mother's mouth had lower body condition factors, higher mortality and altered head transcriptomes compared with control broods. Furthermore, onset of adult-typical coloration and behaviors was delayed compared with control Fish. Together, these data indicate that noise has severe impacts on reproductive fitness in mouthbrooding females. Our results, combined with past studies, indicate that parental care stages are extremely susceptible to noise-induced perturbations with detrimental effects on species persistence.
Richard Reinhardt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the european sea bass dicentrarchus labrax genome puzzle comparative bac mapping and low coverage shotgun sequencing
BMC Genomics, 2010Co-Authors: Heiner Kuhl, Alfred Beck, Grzegorz Wozniak, Adelino V M Canario, Filip Volckaert, Richard ReinhardtAbstract:Food supply from the ocean is constrained by the shortage of domesticated and selected Fish. Development of genomic models of economically important Fishes should assist with the removal of this bottleneck. European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax L. (Moronidae, Perciformes, Teleostei) is one of the most important Fishes in European marine aquaculture; growing genomic resources put it on its way to serve as an economic model. End sequencing of a sea bass genomic BAC-library enabled the comparative mapping of the sea bass genome using the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus genome as a reference. BAC-end sequences (102,690) were aligned to the stickleback genome. The number of mappable BACs was improved using a two-fold coverage WGS dataset of sea bass resulting in a comparative BAC-map covering 87% of stickleback chromosomes with 588 BAC-contigs. The minimum size of 83 contigs covering 50% of the reference was 1.2 Mbp; the largest BAC-contig comprised 8.86 Mbp. More than 22,000 BAC-clones aligned with both ends to the reference genome. Intra-chromosomal rearrangements between sea bass and stickleback were identified. Size distributions of mapped BACs were used to calculate that the genome of sea bass may be only 1.3 fold larger than the 460 Mbp stickleback genome. The BAC map is used for sequencing single BACs or BAC-pools covering defined genomic entities by second generation sequencing technologies. Together with the WGS dataset it initiates a sea bass genome sequencing project. This will allow the quantification of polymorphisms through resequencing, which is important for selecting highly performing domesticated Fish.