The Experts below are selected from a list of 11778 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Ming Hung Wong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pharmaceuticals and personal care products in water sediments aquatic organisms and Fish Feeds in the pearl river delta occurrence distribution potential sources and health risk assessment
    Science of The Total Environment, 2019
    Co-Authors: Haiwen Xie, Hongshan Hao, Xinxiu Liang, Dingxue Gao, Yue Gao, Huchun Tao, Ming Hung Wong
    Abstract:

    This study investigated the occurrence, distribution, and potential sources of 34 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in water, sediments, aquatic organisms (Fish and shellFish), and Fish Feeds from the mariculture areas of the Pearl River Delta (PRD). The health risk presented by this class of compounds was also assessed in relation to their intake via seafood consumption. Of the 34 PPCPs, a total of 9, 21, 14, and 28 PPCPs were detected in water, sediments, Fish Feeds, and aquatic organisms, respectively. Trimethoprim, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and spectinomycin were detected in all matrices. The levels of PPCPs in water and sediment samples were relatively low. Spectinomycin, paracetamol, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ibuprofen were the most frequently detected PPCPs in Feeds. Ibuprofen and ketoprofen were widely detected in aquatic organisms, with average concentrations of 562 and 267 ng/g wet weight, respectively. The residual levels of PPCPs in shellFish such as ME (mussel, Mytilus edulis) and OS (oyster, Ostrea gigas) were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those in other species including CA (topmouth culter, Culter alburnus) and EO (orbFish, Ephippus orbis). Correlation analysis indicated that the medicated Feeds were a potential source of PPCPs in the mariculture areas of the PRD, but other anthropogenic sources should not be ignored. Based on maximum residue limits and acceptable daily intake, the health risks presented to humans via seafood consumption are negligible. However, as multiple antibiotics were frequently detected in the mariculture environment, aquatic organisms, and Feeds, the induction and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance associated with antibiotic usage in aquaculture would be of great concern. It is necessary to establish a centralized management system and control the use of veterinary drugs in mariculture to protect the aquaculture environment and ensure the safety of seafood.

  • recycle food wastes into high quality Fish Feeds for safe and quality Fish production
    Environmental Pollution, 2016
    Co-Authors: Ming Hung Wong, Wai Ming Choi, Zhang Cheng, Yu Bon Man
    Abstract:

    The amount of food waste generated from modern societies is increasing, which has imposed a tremendous pressure on its treatment and disposal. Food waste should be treated as a valuable resource rather than waste, and turning it into Fish Feeds would be a viable alternative. This paper attempts to review the feasibility of using food waste to formulate feed pellets to culture a few freshwater Fish species, such as grass carp, grey mullet, and tilapia, under polyculture mode (growing different species in the same pond). These species occupy different ecological niches, with different feeding modes (i.e., herbivorous, filter feeding, etc.), and therefore all the nutrients derived from the food waste could be efficiently recycled within the ecosystem. The problems facing environmental pollution and Fish contamination; the past and present situation of inland Fish culture (focusing on South China); upgrade of food waste based feed pellets by adding enzymes, vitamin-mineral premix, probiotics (yeast), prebiotics, and Chinese medicinal herbs into Feeds; and potential health risks of Fish cultivated by food waste based pellets are discussed, citing some local examples. It can be concluded that appropriate portions of different types of food waste could satisfy basic nutritional requirements of lower trophic level Fish species such as grass carp and tilapia. Upgrading the Fish pellets by adding different supplements mentioned above could further elevated the quality of Feeds, leading to higher growth rates, and enhanced immunity of Fish. Health risk assessments based on the major environmental contaminants (mercury, PAHs and DDTs) in Fish flesh showed that Fish fed food waste based pellets are safer for consumption, when compared with those fed commercial feed pellets.

  • the effects of mariculture on heavy metal distribution in sediments and cultured Fish around the pearl river delta region south china
    Chemosphere, 2016
    Co-Authors: Peng Liang, Ming Hung Wong, Shengchun Wu, Jin Zhang, Shen Yu
    Abstract:

    Thirty-six sediment samples were collected from six mariculture sites and corresponding reference sites (approximately 200–300 m away from each mariculture site) to study the effects of mariculture on heavy metal: copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) distribution in sediments and cultured Fish around the Pearl River Delta region, south China. The mean concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cr and Pb in all mariculture sediment samples were 109, 273, 99 and 33 mg/kg, compared with 63, 209, 56 and 23 mg/kg for reference sediment samples, respectively. The Pollution Load Index of sediment for each site was over 1, implying substantial heavy metal pollution. The results of principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis indicate that marine aquaculture activities have enriched the surface sediments underneath mariculture rafts with Cu, Zn and Pb, possibly due to the accumulation of unconsumed Fish Feeds, Fish excreta and antifouling paints (except Cr). Two kinds of Fish Feeds, feed pellets and trash Fish commonly used in Hong Kong were analyzed. The concentrations of Zn and Cu contained in feed pellets were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in trash Fish due to addition of these elements as growth promoters during pellet production. However, the Pb content in trash Fish (due to contamination) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in feed pellets. Three cultured Fish species, namely red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus), orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) and snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii), were collected from each mariculture site for metal analysis. Lead concentrations in 21 Fish samples exceeded the Chinese safety guideline (0.5 mg/kg, GB18406.4–2001), indicating that Pb contamination in cultured Fish would be a public health concern.

  • food wastes as Fish Feeds for polyculture of low trophic level Fish bioaccumulation and health risk assessments of heavy metals in the cultured Fish
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Ming Hung Wong, Wai Ming Choi, Zhang Cheng, Yu Bon Man, Cheung Lung Lam, Xiang Ping Nie
    Abstract:

    The major purpose of this study was to use different types of food wastes which serve as the major sources of protein to replace the Fish meal used in Fish Feeds to produce quality Fish. Two types of food waste-based feed pellets FW A (with cereals) and FW B (with cereals and meat products) and the commercial feed Jinfeng® were used to culture fingerlings of three low-trophic-level Fish species: bighead carp, grass carp, and mud carp (in the ratio of 1:3:1) for 1 year period in the Sha Tau Kok Organic Farm in Hong Kong. Heavy metal concentrations in all of the Fish species fed with food waste pellets and commercial pellets in Sha Tau Kok Fish ponds were all below the local and international maximum permissible levels in food. Health risk assessments indicated that human consumption of the Fish fed with food waste feed pellets was safe for the Hong Kong residents. The present results revealed that recycling of food waste for cultivating low-trophic-level Fish (mainly herbivores and detritus feeders) is feasible, and at the same time will ease the disposal pressure of food waste, a common problem of densely populated cities like Hong Kong.

  • replacing Fish meal by food waste to produce lower trophic level Fish containing acceptable levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons health risk assessments
    Science of The Total Environment, 2015
    Co-Authors: Zhang Cheng, Wai Ming Choi, Cheung Lung Lam, Ming Hung Wong
    Abstract:

    This study aimed at using different types of food wastes (mainly containing cereal [food waste A] and meat meal [food waste B]) as major sources of protein to replace the Fish meal used in Fish Feeds to produce quality Fish. The traditional Fish farming model used to culture low trophic level Fish included: bighead, (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), grass carp, (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), and mud carp, (Cirrhinus molitorella) of omnivorous chain. The results indicated that grass carp and bighead carp fed with food waste Feeds were relatively free of PAHs. The results of health risk assessment showed that the Fish fed with food waste Feeds were safe for consumption from the PAHs perspective.

Zhang Cheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • recycle food wastes into high quality Fish Feeds for safe and quality Fish production
    Environmental Pollution, 2016
    Co-Authors: Ming Hung Wong, Wai Ming Choi, Zhang Cheng, Yu Bon Man
    Abstract:

    The amount of food waste generated from modern societies is increasing, which has imposed a tremendous pressure on its treatment and disposal. Food waste should be treated as a valuable resource rather than waste, and turning it into Fish Feeds would be a viable alternative. This paper attempts to review the feasibility of using food waste to formulate feed pellets to culture a few freshwater Fish species, such as grass carp, grey mullet, and tilapia, under polyculture mode (growing different species in the same pond). These species occupy different ecological niches, with different feeding modes (i.e., herbivorous, filter feeding, etc.), and therefore all the nutrients derived from the food waste could be efficiently recycled within the ecosystem. The problems facing environmental pollution and Fish contamination; the past and present situation of inland Fish culture (focusing on South China); upgrade of food waste based feed pellets by adding enzymes, vitamin-mineral premix, probiotics (yeast), prebiotics, and Chinese medicinal herbs into Feeds; and potential health risks of Fish cultivated by food waste based pellets are discussed, citing some local examples. It can be concluded that appropriate portions of different types of food waste could satisfy basic nutritional requirements of lower trophic level Fish species such as grass carp and tilapia. Upgrading the Fish pellets by adding different supplements mentioned above could further elevated the quality of Feeds, leading to higher growth rates, and enhanced immunity of Fish. Health risk assessments based on the major environmental contaminants (mercury, PAHs and DDTs) in Fish flesh showed that Fish fed food waste based pellets are safer for consumption, when compared with those fed commercial feed pellets.

  • food wastes as Fish Feeds for polyculture of low trophic level Fish bioaccumulation and health risk assessments of heavy metals in the cultured Fish
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016
    Co-Authors: Ming Hung Wong, Wai Ming Choi, Zhang Cheng, Yu Bon Man, Cheung Lung Lam, Xiang Ping Nie
    Abstract:

    The major purpose of this study was to use different types of food wastes which serve as the major sources of protein to replace the Fish meal used in Fish Feeds to produce quality Fish. Two types of food waste-based feed pellets FW A (with cereals) and FW B (with cereals and meat products) and the commercial feed Jinfeng® were used to culture fingerlings of three low-trophic-level Fish species: bighead carp, grass carp, and mud carp (in the ratio of 1:3:1) for 1 year period in the Sha Tau Kok Organic Farm in Hong Kong. Heavy metal concentrations in all of the Fish species fed with food waste pellets and commercial pellets in Sha Tau Kok Fish ponds were all below the local and international maximum permissible levels in food. Health risk assessments indicated that human consumption of the Fish fed with food waste feed pellets was safe for the Hong Kong residents. The present results revealed that recycling of food waste for cultivating low-trophic-level Fish (mainly herbivores and detritus feeders) is feasible, and at the same time will ease the disposal pressure of food waste, a common problem of densely populated cities like Hong Kong.

  • replacing Fish meal by food waste to produce lower trophic level Fish containing acceptable levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons health risk assessments
    Science of The Total Environment, 2015
    Co-Authors: Zhang Cheng, Wai Ming Choi, Cheung Lung Lam, Ming Hung Wong
    Abstract:

    This study aimed at using different types of food wastes (mainly containing cereal [food waste A] and meat meal [food waste B]) as major sources of protein to replace the Fish meal used in Fish Feeds to produce quality Fish. The traditional Fish farming model used to culture low trophic level Fish included: bighead, (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis), grass carp, (Ctenopharyngodon idellus), and mud carp, (Cirrhinus molitorella) of omnivorous chain. The results indicated that grass carp and bighead carp fed with food waste Feeds were relatively free of PAHs. The results of health risk assessment showed that the Fish fed with food waste Feeds were safe for consumption from the PAHs perspective.

Ioannis Zabetakis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • benefits of Fish oil replacement by plant originated oils in compounded Fish Feeds a review
    Lwt - Food Science and Technology, 2012
    Co-Authors: Constantina Nasopoulou, Ioannis Zabetakis
    Abstract:

    Abstract Fish oil constitutes a major dietary ingredient in compounded Fish Feeds for carnivorous marine Fish due to its essential fatty acid content, in particular omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA). The issue of Fish oil substitution in Fish Feeds has come to the forefront only recently, due to the release of recent data which indicates that the aquaculture industry uses 40 and 75% of the global production of Fish meal and Fish oil, respectively. Within the next decade Fish oil production may not meet the required quantities for aquaculture, meaning that food grade Fisheries which provide Fish oil and Fish meal have reached their limit of sustainability. Over the past few years, significant breakthroughs have occurred in the replacement of Fish oil with plant oils in compounded Fish Feeds in order to reduce dependence on Fish oil as well as reduce costs. All recent data, focussing on the benefits of replacing Fish oil with plant oils in compounded Fish Feeds, are presented in this review.

  • effects of olive pomace and olive pomace oil on growth performance fatty acid composition and cardio protective properties of gilthead sea bream sparus aurata and sea bass dicentrarchus labrax
    Food Chemistry, 2011
    Co-Authors: Constantina Nasopoulou, Giorgos Stamatakis, Constantinos A Demopoulos, Ioannis Zabetakis
    Abstract:

    Gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were fed with two experimental diets: olive pomace diet and olive pomace oil diet, in order to examine whether Fish oil substitution in Fish Feeds by olive oil production wastes, such as olive pomace and olive pomace oil, has an influence on growth performance, fatty acid composition and cardio protective properties of Fish. Gilthead sea bream fed with both experimental diets exhibited satisfactory growth performance factors while sea bass did not. The total lipids of gilthead sea bream fed with olive pomace diet contained statistically decreased levels of fatty acids, while exhibited the most potent biological activity against platelet aggregation induced by Platelet Activating Factor. These data indicate that olive pomace can be used as a partial substitute of Fish oil in Fish feed improving its cardio protective properties.

Dominique P. Bureau - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • exploring the possibility of quantifying the effects of plant protein ingredients in Fish Feeds using meta analysis and nutritional model simulation based approaches
    Aquaculture, 2012
    Co-Authors: Katheline Hua, Dominique P. Bureau
    Abstract:

    Numerous studies have been carried out to test the effect of incorporating various protein sources in salmonid Fish Feeds at the expense of Fish meal. Comparison and interpretation of the results from these studies are difficult given the wide differences in ingredients, feed formulations, experimental designs and achieved performance. The objective of this study was to contrast two approaches for analyzing and comparing the results of such studies: meta-analysis and nutritional model simulation. The meta-analysis indicated that compared to Fish meal-based diets, low or moderate dietary incorporation of plant protein ingredients in general did not affect growth of salmonids, whereas Fish growth was depressed at high dietary inclusion levels of plant protein ingredients even when the diets were apparently nutritionally adequate. Feed intake was not negatively affected as long as the diets were nutritionally adequate. Sources of plant protein ingredients also appear to have divergent effects on Fish growth. The scope of the meta-analysis was limited due to measures to ensure the meaningfulness of the meta-analysis. Therefore a novel integrated growth and nutrient utilization model was developed and used as a simulation tool to achieve a broader and more rational comparison of studies. Overall the model adequately predicted growth of salmonids fed diets containing different levels of plant protein ingredients. The model simulation-based approach allowed a proper quantification of the effect of plant protein sources in salmonid Fish Feeds.

  • development of a model to estimate digestible lipid content of salmonid Fish Feeds
    Aquaculture, 2009
    Co-Authors: Katheline Hua, Dominique P. Bureau
    Abstract:

    Abstract Fish oil is increasingly substituted by cost-effective lipid sources such as plant oils or animal fats in Fish Feeds. This results in wide variations of fatty acid profiles of formulated Fish Feeds and potentially substantial differences in the digestibility of dietary lipid. A meta-analysis of data from 16 studies with rainbow trout and Atlantic salmon suggests that variations in apparent digestibility of dietary lipid can be primarily explained by the proportion of saturated fatty acids (SAFA) in total fatty acids. A broken line analysis of the data from these studies suggests that SAFA can be incorporated in diets at levels below 23% (± 1%) of total fatty acids without negatively affecting lipid digestibility. Multiple regression analysis of data from these 16 studies was carried out to examine the relationship between digestible lipid content of the diet and inclusion levels of SAFA, monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), and water temperature. This analysis yielded the following model: Digestible lipid content (% of diet) = 0.45 SAFA − 0.08 SAFA2 + 0.86 MUFA + 0.94 PUFA + 0.03 SAFA ⁎ MUFA + 0.04 SAFA ⁎ PUFA + 0.03 temperature ⁎ SAFA (P  The results suggest that the apparent digestibility of different types of fatty acids differ significantly and the digestibility of SAFA cannot be assumed to be additive when estimating the digestible lipid content of Fish Feeds. A significant positive effect of water temperature was observed on SAFA, but not on MUFA and PUFA (P

  • Modelling digestible phosphorus content of salmonid Fish Feeds
    Aquaculture, 2005
    Co-Authors: Katheline Hua, Dominique P. Bureau
    Abstract:

    Abstract Accurate estimation of digestible phosphorus (P) content of Fish Feeds is essential to formulating Feeds that meet nutritional requirements of Fish but minimize P waste output from Fish culture operations. Phosphorus is a component of different chemical compounds in Feeds. Differences in chemical characteristics of these compounds may result in different P digestion dynamics. A model to estimate digestible P content of salmonid Fish feed based on levels of different P types was constructed by integrating data from 22 studies. Phosphorus types present in feed ingredients were classified into broad chemical categories: bone-P, phytate-P, organic P, Ca monobasic/Na/K Pi supplement, and Ca dibasic Pi supplement. The relationship between digestible P content of Feeds and various P chemical compound contents was modelled through a multiple regression approach. Multiple regression analysis yielded the following model: digestible P = 0.68 bone-P + 0 phytate-P + 0.84 organic P + 0.89 Ca monobasic/Na/K Pi supplement + 0.64 Ca dibasic Pi supplement + 0.51 phytase/phytate − 0.02 (phytase/phytate) 2  − 0.03 (bone-P) 2  − 0.14 bone-P * Ca monobasic/Na/K Pi supplement ( P R 2  = 0.96). The results suggest that the digestibility of different P types differ significantly and the digestibility of bone-P is not additive. A subsequent digestibility trial validated the model and suggested that the model accurately predicted digestible P content of diets formulated with a wide variety of ingredients commonly used in Fish Feeds.

  • review use of animal fats in aquaculture Feeds
    Avances en Nutrición Acuicola, 2002
    Co-Authors: Dominique P. Bureau, Jennifer Gibson, Adel Elmowafi
    Abstract:

    Formulated aquaculture Feeds are among the most expensive animal Feeds on the market.These Feeds are often high in lipids, the bulk of which is generally provided by Fish oil.Because of its high cost and potential long-term supply problems, it is now widelyacknowledged that Fish oil should be used more sparingly in aquaFeeds. Rendered animalfats are economical lipid sources that have been used in Fish Feeds for decades but their usehas been greatly limited for various reasons, such as poor digestibility and nutritive value,and more recently, fear of disease transmission. Recent studies have indicated that renderedanimal fats can be valuable ingredients in Fish Feeds. Incorporation levels equal to 30-40%of total lipid of the diet do not impose any negative effects on growth performance, feedefficiency, and product quality of most Fish species studied. However, the diet must containsufficient levels of unsaturated fatty acids (mono and polyunsaturated) to allow for properdigestibility of saturated fatty acids, and, obviously, meet essential fatty acid requirementsof the Fish. The use of rendered animal fats at the expenses of Fish oil in aquaFeeds couldimmediately result in significant savings for feed manufacturers.

Gary L Rumsey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fish meal and alternate sources of protein in Fish Feeds update 1993
    Fisheries, 1993
    Co-Authors: Gary L Rumsey
    Abstract:

    Abstract Close to 12% of the world's 6.5 million metric tons of Fish meal is used for aquaculture Feeds. If current trends continue, roughly 20% to 25% of total world Fish meal production could be used for aquaculture by the year 2000. Fish stocks used in Fish meal reduction, however, appear to be in worldwide decline. A growing Fish farming industry and a stagnating, if not diminishing, supply of Fish meal have sobering economic and technologic implications for Fish culture. Unless suitable alternate protein sources are found or other animal Feeds begin to rely less on Fish meal, Fish production costs can be expected to increase dramatically. A precedent was set by the poultry industry, the most economically successful and competitive of the animal agriculture industries. Twenty years ago, the poultry industry consumed up to 80% of Fish meal supplies. Through deliberate and well-organized research into alternate protein sources, the industry now uses less than 40% of supplies, and the trend is toward com...

  • effect of high dietary concentrations of brewer s dried yeast on growth performance and liver uricase in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss
    Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1991
    Co-Authors: Gary L Rumsey, John E Kinsella, K J Shetty, Steven G Hughes
    Abstract:

    The potential of using yeast nitrogen in Fish Feeds to replace proteins from conventional sources is an attractive option to nutritionists, feed manufacturers and Fish farmers. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of high dietary levels of brewer's dried yeast, with 20% of its protein represented by nucleic acid nitrogen, on the growth, feed conversion efficiency and uric acid metabolism of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Growth and liver uricase activities were monitored in trout fed diets containing 0, 25, 50 or 75% yeast. Growth was faster and feed conversion more efficient in Fish fed diets consisting of 25% yeast; the diets containing 50 and 75% yeast were seemingly unpalatable to trout. Liver uricase activity, present in all Fish, was directly correlated with the dietary level of nucleic acids. It was concluded that although feed intake was depressed at yeast levels greater than 25%, the Fish did not appear to be adversely affected physiologically by high dietary levels of nucleic acid nitrogen.

  • digestibility and energy values of intact disrupted and extracts from brewer s dried yeast fed to rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss
    Animal Feed Science and Technology, 1991
    Co-Authors: Gary L Rumsey, John E Kinsella, Steven G Hughes, R R Smith, K J Shetty
    Abstract:

    Abstract Although Fish meal has historically been used as the primary source of protein in Fish Feeds, brewer's dried yeast (BDY) is presently being investigated as a primary replacement for Fish meal. As little is known about the ability of Fish to utilize BDY, studies were conducted to study bioavailability of intact BDY as well as several fractions derived from the disrupted yeast to rainbow trout. Dried BDY was fed to rainbow trout and digestibility and energy values were determined. When the yeast cells were fully disrupted, the absorption of nitrogen increased by more than 20% and the metabolizable energy of the yeast by more than 10%. Energy and nitrogen digestibility were further increased after the removal of all wall material and separation of nitrogen into amino acid and nucleic acid fractions. Disruption of the cell wall significantly increased the nutritional value of BDY for salmonid Fishes. The findings suggest that further research be conducted on the use and economy of BDY as a primary nitrogen source in Fish Feeds.