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Carsten Schulz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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combined effects of Nutritional biochemical and environmental stimuli on growth performance and fatty acid composition of gilthead sea bream sparus aurata
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Claudia Torno, Stefanie Staats, Anna Fickler, Sonia De Pascualteresa, Maria Soledad Izquierdo, Gerald Rimbach, Carsten SchulzAbstract:The reliance of the aquafeed industry on marine resources has to be reduced by innovative approaches in Fish Nutrition. Thus, a three-factorial approach (Fish oil reduced diet, phytochemical genistein, and temperature reduction) was chosen to investigate the interaction of effects on growth performance and tissue omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) levels in juvenile sea bream (Sparus aurata, 12.5 ± 2.2 g). Genistein is a phytoestrogen with estrogen-like activity and thus LC-PUFA increasing potential. A decrease in the rearing temperature was chosen based on the positive effects of low temperature on Fish lipid quality. The experimental diets were reduced in marine ingredients and had a Fish oil content of either 6% dry matter (DM; F6: positive control) or 2% DM (F2: negative control) and were administered in the plain variant or with inclusion of 0.15% DM genistein (F6 + G and F2 + G). The feeding trial was performed simultaneously at 23°C and 19°C. The results indicated that solely temperature had a significant effect on growth performance and whole body nutrient composition of sea bream. Nevertheless, the interaction of all three factors significantly affected the fatty acid compositions of liver and fillet tissue. Most importantly, they led to a significant increase by 4.3% of fillet LC-PUFA content in sea bream fed with the diet F6 + G in comparison to control Fish fed diet F6, when both groups were held at 19°C. It is hypothesized that genistein can act via estrogen-like as well as other mechanisms and that the dietary LC-PUFA content may impact its mode of action. Temperature most likely exhibited its effects indirectly via altered growth rates and metabolism. Although effects of all three factors and of genistein in particular were only marginal, they highlight a possibility to utilize the genetic capacity of sea bream to improve tissue lipid quality.
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feeding Fish according to organic aquaculture guidelines ec 710 2009 influence of potato protein concentrates containing various glycoalkaloid levels on health status and growth performance of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss
Aquaculture, 2011Co-Authors: K Tusche, Sven Wuertz, Andreas Susenbeth, Carsten SchulzAbstract:A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of potato protein concentrate (PPC) replacing Fishmeal in Nutrition of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) according to organic aquaculture guidelines. Eight diets were formulated by partial replacement of Fishmeal (25, 50, 75 and 100) with PPC of two different qualities (LG-PPC with low glycoalkaloid content of 7.41 mg kg(-1) dry weight. HG-PPC with high glycoalkaloid content of 2150 mg kg(-1) dry weight) and one experimental diet without PPC served as control. Experimental diets were fed over a period of 84 days to triplicate experimental groups until apparent satiation. Best growth performance was observed in the control group. The inclusion of LG-PPC resulted in significantly reduced feed intake, feed utilization and growth with increasing replacement of 25 and higher. Increasing amount of dietary LG-PPC inclusion resulted in alterations in liver histology and in anterior intestine indicating an impact of glycoalkaloids on the different gastrointestinal tissues. The HG replacement revealed most prominently a decreased feed intake and growth parameters indicating massive undernourishment. Congruently, hypotrophy of the liver with ceroid pigment accumulation, and villi degeneration in the intestine were observed in all HG groups. Blood parameters were equally affected by an inclusion of PPC (LG and HG) in the diets involving reduced plasma TG (HG75), glucose (HG100) as well as protein (HG100). As a conclusion PPC as alternative protein in Fish Nutrition is only feasible with LG contents as HG diets resulted in severe undernourishment of Fish, lowest growth performance and irreversible intestinal damages. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Rudy Caparros Megido - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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production of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss using black soldier fly hermetia illucens prepupae based formulations with differentiated fatty acid profiles
Science of The Total Environment, 2021Co-Authors: Bertrand Hoc, Frederic Francis, Christophe Blecker, Giorgia Purcaro, Thomas Tomson, Paul Malumba, Haissam M Jijakli, Rudy Caparros MegidoAbstract:The aquaculture sector is expanding rapidly and needs an increasing supply of Fishery products. To ensure an ecological transition of this sector, alternative feed ingredients are required for Fish Nutrition. Potential alternatives include insects, particularly the black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens L. 1758), which is being increasingly targeted for their Nutritional qualities and their sustainable production practices. BSF have a well-balanced amino acid profile; however, their fatty acid profile is not sufficiently balanced for most aquafeed formulations but can be modulated through their feed. In this study, two different batches of BSF prepupae (BSFP) were firstly produced: BSFP with a standard ω3 content (C18:3n-3 ≈ 1.36%) and ω3-enriched BSFP (C18:3n-3 ≈ 9.67%). Then, three isoproteic, -lipidic and -energetic trout feeds were formulated and produced: one control and two feeds containing 75% BSF meal as a substitute for Fish meal (standard vs ω3-enriched-BSF). Finally, a trout feeding trial (n = 3 for each feed batch) in a recirculating aquaculture system was carried out for 75 days. BSFP meal inclusion in trout diets did not impact most Nutritional and growth parameters of trout compared to the control; however, the coefficient of fatness increased, weight gain decreased and fatty acid profiles of fillets were altered. In conclusion, this study presents a more sustainable model of trout production by including insects from bioconversion of local byproducts in aquafeed.
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ω3 enrichment of hermetia illucens l 1758 prepupae from oilseed byproducts
Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 2021Co-Authors: Bertrand Hoc, Frederic Francis, Joachim Carpentier, Lucien Mostade, Christophe Blecker, Giorgia Purcaro, Rudy Caparros MegidoAbstract:Abstract To meet the growing demand for Fish in human Nutrition, aquaculture is developing increasingly from marine Fishery products (i.e. Fish meal and Fish oil). New environmentally sustainable protein and lipid resources are recommended for this sector and insects, particularly black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens (L. 1758), are considered as promising candidates for Fish feed production. BSF larvae convert organic materials into high-valued protein and lipid, their Nutritional composition is related to their diet and could therefore be manipulated. The key issue in Fish Nutrition will be the fatty acid composition of BSF larvae that are characterized by high saturated fatty acids (SFAs) level (>60%) with lack of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids. This study aimed to adjust the fatty acid profile of BSF larvae by manipulating their food on focusing on diet formulation with local oilseed cakes for essential ω3 fatty acid (ALA: α-linolenic acid, C18:3n3) enrichment. Selected populations (100 individuals/population) of 7 days old BSF larvae were reared on Chicken feed (CF) diets enriched with flax and rape cakes at six incorporation rates (10–20 − 40–60 − 80–100%), the CF was used as the control diet and all diets were tested in triplicate (n = 3). The first prepupae appeared from 15 rearing days on all diets with an average weight of 195 mg excepted for full oil cake diets showing longer prepupal collection time (7 days) and lower average weight (116 mg). Oil cakes incorporation shows an impact on the prepupae fatty acid profiles. The results show that progressive oil cakes diets incorporation decreased saturated fatty acids from 75.86 ± 0.34% to 56.10 ± 0.74%. Simultaneously, rape cake incorporation leads mainly to oleic acid (C18:1n-9) enrichment which not sought in Fish Nutrition and low ALA rate from 1.16 ± 0.25% to 2.42 ± 0.12% but Flax cake incorporation increase ALA enrichment up till 15.27 ± 0.02% favorable to Fish needs allowing a potential increase BSF meal incorporation in Fish feed. This research therefore presents a model of progressive prepupae oil enrichment from oilseed coproducts for application in Fish feed.
Yaniv Hakim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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expression of brush border enzymes and transporters in the intestine of european sea bass dicentrarchus labrax following food deprivation
Aquaculture, 2009Co-Authors: Yaniv Hakim, Sheenan Harpaz, Z UniAbstract:article i nfo Studies on aquacultured Fish Nutrition have focused solely on performance and the activity of the brush- border enzymes, while the molecular aspects have barely been addressed. Nevertheless, the expression of genes encoding enzymes and transporters of the brush-border membrane is crucial for the final stages of digestion and absorption of nutrients through the epithelial luminal membrane of the intestine. To establish a molecular tool for such studies, primers for the European sea bass intestinal genes were designed utilizing evolutionarily conserved DNA sequences for the following intestinal enzymes and transporters: maltase, APN, PepT1 and Na + /K + -ATPase. The derived European sea bass cDNA fragments showed 64-92% homology to other animal species and enabled us to study the differences in their expression. The mRNA expression of these genes in pyloric caeca and the upper and lower intestinal sections were compared in fed Fish vs conditions of food deprivation for 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. The mRNA expression examined using real time PCR of APN, maltase and PepT1 in all the intestinal tract sections, was the highest after 7 days of food deprivation. Na + /K + -ATPase showed a different pattern of expression in each section of the intestine. Significant positive linear correlations between APN, maltase and PepT1 mRNA expression were detected in all but day 3 post food deprivation. The cDNA fragments isolated in this study provide a novel molecular tool for revealing new aspects in Fish Nutrition and can provide additional information regarding the pattern of expression of intestinal genes following long-term fasting in Fish.
M I Gladyshev - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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content of polyunsaturated fatty acids essential for Fish Nutrition in zoobenthos species
Freshwater Science, 2016Co-Authors: Olesia N. Makhutova, Galina S. Kalachova, S P Shulepina, Tatyana A Sharapova, Olga P Dubovskaya, Nadezhda N Sushchik, M A Baturina, E G Pryanichnikova, M I GladyshevAbstract:AbstractContent of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20∶5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22∶6n-3) and the n-3/n-6 ratio are important indicators of nutritive value of aquatic invertebrates as food for Fish. We studied fatty acid (FA) content and composition of 68 zoobenthic species. Benthic invertebrates differed significantly in their contents of EPA and DHA and n-3/n-6 ratios. The most valuable food for Fish were Insecta, especially Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera, Gammaridae, and Turbellaria (Dendrocaelopsis sp.). The invertebrates of low food quality for Fish were Hirudinea, Mollusca, Oligochaeta, Bryozoa (Plumatella emarginata), and Coleoptera (Dytiscus lapponicus). Our data suggest that the recent and ongoing global replacement of native species, mainly Insecta, by invaders, mostly represented by Mollusca, Crustacea, Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, Bryozoa, and Hirudinea, probably will reduce the nutritive value of food sources for benthivorous Fish. In addition, some of the taxa studied have peculiar FAs, whi...
Claudia Torno - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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combined effects of Nutritional biochemical and environmental stimuli on growth performance and fatty acid composition of gilthead sea bream sparus aurata
PLOS ONE, 2019Co-Authors: Claudia Torno, Stefanie Staats, Anna Fickler, Sonia De Pascualteresa, Maria Soledad Izquierdo, Gerald Rimbach, Carsten SchulzAbstract:The reliance of the aquafeed industry on marine resources has to be reduced by innovative approaches in Fish Nutrition. Thus, a three-factorial approach (Fish oil reduced diet, phytochemical genistein, and temperature reduction) was chosen to investigate the interaction of effects on growth performance and tissue omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) levels in juvenile sea bream (Sparus aurata, 12.5 ± 2.2 g). Genistein is a phytoestrogen with estrogen-like activity and thus LC-PUFA increasing potential. A decrease in the rearing temperature was chosen based on the positive effects of low temperature on Fish lipid quality. The experimental diets were reduced in marine ingredients and had a Fish oil content of either 6% dry matter (DM; F6: positive control) or 2% DM (F2: negative control) and were administered in the plain variant or with inclusion of 0.15% DM genistein (F6 + G and F2 + G). The feeding trial was performed simultaneously at 23°C and 19°C. The results indicated that solely temperature had a significant effect on growth performance and whole body nutrient composition of sea bream. Nevertheless, the interaction of all three factors significantly affected the fatty acid compositions of liver and fillet tissue. Most importantly, they led to a significant increase by 4.3% of fillet LC-PUFA content in sea bream fed with the diet F6 + G in comparison to control Fish fed diet F6, when both groups were held at 19°C. It is hypothesized that genistein can act via estrogen-like as well as other mechanisms and that the dietary LC-PUFA content may impact its mode of action. Temperature most likely exhibited its effects indirectly via altered growth rates and metabolism. Although effects of all three factors and of genistein in particular were only marginal, they highlight a possibility to utilize the genetic capacity of sea bream to improve tissue lipid quality.