The Experts below are selected from a list of 222 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jörg Müller - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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characterization of a microelectromechanical systems based counter current Flame Ionization Detector
Journal of Chromatography A, 2011Co-Authors: Winfred Kuipers, Jörg MüllerAbstract:This work is concerned with the influence of different operating parameters on the response of a counter-current micro Flame Ionization Detector (cc-μFID) with low gas consumption for mobile applications. At cc-μFID flow rates (<10 ml/min hydrogen), the response depends mainly on the oxygen flow. At 7.5 ml/min hydrogen flow, highest sensitivity (13.7 mC/gC) is obtained with the smallest Flame chamber and nozzle size, moderate sample gas flow (2.0 ml/min), and an oxygen flow above stoichiometry (9.4 ml/min, λ = 2.5). The largest absolute signal is obtained at increased sample gas flow (8.0 ml/min). However, to prevent parting of the micro-Flame by the sample gas stream, largest nozzles (smallest outflow velocity) give the best result (4.37 nA). Whereas cc-μFID sensitivity is comparable with conventional FID sensitivity, peak-to-peak noise of 1 pA is relatively large. Therefore, the minimum detectable carbon mass flow of 1.46 × 10−10 gC/s and the minimum detectable methane concentration of 3.43 ppm are larger than typical FID detection limits. μGC–μFID experiments show the difference between premixing the sample with the hydrogen or with the oxygen with respect to sensitivity and response factors. Sensitivity is decreased considerably when the column effluent is added to the oxygen instead of to the hydrogen. For hydrogen premixed samples the response factor to butane can be increased up to 0.81 (methane = 1), whereas for oxygen premixed samples it is maximally 0.31. This smaller sensitivity to oxygen premixed samples and the larger variation of response factors shows the importance of the hydrogen atom during breakdown of organic molecules to single-carbon fragments before Ionization.
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Positive size-effect on the sensitivity of a planar counter-current micro Flame Ionization Detector
2010 IEEE Sensors, 2010Co-Authors: Winfred Kuipers, Jörg MüllerAbstract:To reduce fuel gas consumption, a planar counter-current micro Flame Ionization Detector (μFID) has been developed for mobile applications. In this work, the effect of Flame chamber size on the μFID sensitivity is investigated. An FEM model is presented, which predicts sensitivity. The model shows that smaller chambers result in more confined flammable mixtures. Flame observations confirm that smaller chambers generate brighter Flames. In addition, sensitivity turns out to be inversely proportional to the distance between the opposing nozzles. Consequently, the smallest Flame chamber is most sensitive. At a fourth of the hydrogen consumption (7.5 ml/min), sensitivity is only two times smaller (7.3 mC/gC) than conventionally.
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Total hydrocarbon analysis with a planar micro Flame Ionization Detector
2009 IEEE Sensors, 2009Co-Authors: Winfred Kuipers, Jörg MüllerAbstract:This paper discusses the possibility of total hydrocarbon analysis (THA) with a planar micro Flame Ionization Detector (μFID). Because of reduced fuel gas consumption, the μFID allows for portable applications, which are numerous in the case of THA. Although, the minimum detectable limit (MDL) and fuel gas consumption are still relatively high compared to commercially available portable devices, these first investigations are promising and it is believed that similar or better performance with respect to MDL, linear range and fuel gas consumption can be achieved. Especially, the novel approach of sampling from atmospheric pressure and simultaneously improving Flame stability by evacuating the Flame chamber is promising.
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A planar micro-Flame Ionization Detector with an integrated guard electrode
Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 2008Co-Authors: Winfred Kuipers, Jörg MüllerAbstract:The Flame Ionization Detector (FID) quantifies small concentrations of organic compounds by Flame Ionization of hydrocarbons and measurement of the resulting ion current. The ion current represents the number of carbon atoms in the sample gas. The miniaturization of the FID by MEMS technology (µFID) is expected to increase its use, because of reduced oxyhydrogen consumption. This loosens safety precautions and makes portable applications possible. In contrast to a former µFID design, the current planar µFID is designed to prevent environmental air from entering the system and deteriorating the measurement signal. The oxyhydrogen Flame burns in the silicon plane of an almost completely encapsulating glass–silicon–glass sandwich. Only a small opening remains for removal of the exhaust gas from the system. In between the Detector electrodes, a guard electrode is integrated to intercept and by-pass leak currents past the picoammeter, which then only measures the ion current. Due to the design of the guard electrode, small leak currents are still measured by the picoammeter. Yet, these leak currents can be corrected for to obtain the ion current. Measurements of the ion current as a function of the applied voltage and the sample gas flow show expected FID behaviour.
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Miniaturized Flame Ionization Detector for gas chromatography
Sensors and Actuators B-chemical, 2002Co-Authors: Stefan Zimmermann, Peter Krippner, Albrecht Vogel, Jörg MüllerAbstract:Abstract The Technical University Hamburg-Harburg and ABB Corporate Research are currently exploring the potential to apply silicon–glass microsystems as technology platform for creating a miniaturized Flame Ionization Detector (FID). This device can be used for the detection of hydrocarbons in gas chromatography. Design and first characterizations of such micro-FIDs have been published elsewhere in Ref. [1] [Sens. Actuators 63B (3) (2000)]. For a deeper understanding of the performance and further optimization potential, the Detectors have now been investigated more detailed. The results of those tests show a detection limit of 104 ppb pentane and 441 ppb methane.
Winfred Kuipers - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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An autonomous Flame Ionization Detector for emission monitoring
Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems, 2019Co-Authors: Jan Förster, Winfred Kuipers, Christian Lenz, Steffen Ziesche, Franz BechtoldAbstract:Abstract. Reliable and very sensitive detection of hydrocarbons can be achieved with a Flame Ionization Detector (FID). Due to the required complex gas infrastructure for the operation of an FID, these devices have not been implemented as true field devices yet. Miniaturization by using ceramic multilayer technology leads to a strong reduction of gas consumption and allows autonomous operation of the FID with gas supply by electrolysis and without external gas infrastructure. Therefore, this research enables the use of the FID in the field. Characterization of this miniaturized FID reveals a performance comparable to conventional FIDs.
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Development and Characterization of a Miniaturized Flame Ionization Detector in Ceramic Multilayer Technology for Field Applications
Procedia Engineering, 2017Co-Authors: Christian Lenz, Winfred Kuipers, Steffen Ziesche, Holger Neubert, J. Förster, Christian Koch, M. Deilmann, Dominik JurkówAbstract:Abstract A new type of a miniaturized Flame Ionization Detector (μFID) for industrial and environmental field applications is presented. It is fabricated in Low Temperature Cofired Ceramics (LTCC) using multilayer technology. The developed solution integrates the fluidic structure with feed pipes, reaction chamber and exhaust and the electrical structure with electrodes for ignition and measurement as well in a monolithic ceramic component. The novel μFID was characterized using a varying methane concentration in a nitrogen sample gas. An absolute sensitivity of 9.4 mC/gC combined with a reduced gas consumption of 20 ml/min hydrogen in comparison to conventional FID systems were achieved.
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characterization of a microelectromechanical systems based counter current Flame Ionization Detector
Journal of Chromatography A, 2011Co-Authors: Winfred Kuipers, Jörg MüllerAbstract:This work is concerned with the influence of different operating parameters on the response of a counter-current micro Flame Ionization Detector (cc-μFID) with low gas consumption for mobile applications. At cc-μFID flow rates (<10 ml/min hydrogen), the response depends mainly on the oxygen flow. At 7.5 ml/min hydrogen flow, highest sensitivity (13.7 mC/gC) is obtained with the smallest Flame chamber and nozzle size, moderate sample gas flow (2.0 ml/min), and an oxygen flow above stoichiometry (9.4 ml/min, λ = 2.5). The largest absolute signal is obtained at increased sample gas flow (8.0 ml/min). However, to prevent parting of the micro-Flame by the sample gas stream, largest nozzles (smallest outflow velocity) give the best result (4.37 nA). Whereas cc-μFID sensitivity is comparable with conventional FID sensitivity, peak-to-peak noise of 1 pA is relatively large. Therefore, the minimum detectable carbon mass flow of 1.46 × 10−10 gC/s and the minimum detectable methane concentration of 3.43 ppm are larger than typical FID detection limits. μGC–μFID experiments show the difference between premixing the sample with the hydrogen or with the oxygen with respect to sensitivity and response factors. Sensitivity is decreased considerably when the column effluent is added to the oxygen instead of to the hydrogen. For hydrogen premixed samples the response factor to butane can be increased up to 0.81 (methane = 1), whereas for oxygen premixed samples it is maximally 0.31. This smaller sensitivity to oxygen premixed samples and the larger variation of response factors shows the importance of the hydrogen atom during breakdown of organic molecules to single-carbon fragments before Ionization.
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Positive size-effect on the sensitivity of a planar counter-current micro Flame Ionization Detector
2010 IEEE Sensors, 2010Co-Authors: Winfred Kuipers, Jörg MüllerAbstract:To reduce fuel gas consumption, a planar counter-current micro Flame Ionization Detector (μFID) has been developed for mobile applications. In this work, the effect of Flame chamber size on the μFID sensitivity is investigated. An FEM model is presented, which predicts sensitivity. The model shows that smaller chambers result in more confined flammable mixtures. Flame observations confirm that smaller chambers generate brighter Flames. In addition, sensitivity turns out to be inversely proportional to the distance between the opposing nozzles. Consequently, the smallest Flame chamber is most sensitive. At a fourth of the hydrogen consumption (7.5 ml/min), sensitivity is only two times smaller (7.3 mC/gC) than conventionally.
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Total hydrocarbon analysis with a planar micro Flame Ionization Detector
2009 IEEE Sensors, 2009Co-Authors: Winfred Kuipers, Jörg MüllerAbstract:This paper discusses the possibility of total hydrocarbon analysis (THA) with a planar micro Flame Ionization Detector (μFID). Because of reduced fuel gas consumption, the μFID allows for portable applications, which are numerous in the case of THA. Although, the minimum detectable limit (MDL) and fuel gas consumption are still relatively high compared to commercially available portable devices, these first investigations are promising and it is believed that similar or better performance with respect to MDL, linear range and fuel gas consumption can be achieved. Especially, the novel approach of sampling from atmospheric pressure and simultaneously improving Flame stability by evacuating the Flame chamber is promising.
Eiichiro Fukusaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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application of gas chromatography Flame Ionization Detector based metabolite fingerprinting for authentication of asian palm civet coffee kopi luwak
Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2015Co-Authors: Udi Jumhawan, Sastia Prama Putri, Takeshi Bamba, Eiichiro FukusakiAbstract:Development of authenticity screening for Asian palm civet coffee, the world-renowned priciest coffee, was previously reported using metabolite profiling through gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). However, a major drawback of this approach is the high cost of the instrument and maintenance. Therefore, an alternative method is needed for quality and authenticity evaluation of civet coffee. A rapid, reliable and cost-effective analysis employing a universal Detector, GC coupled with Flame Ionization Detector (FID), and metabolite fingerprinting has been established for discrimination analysis of 37 commercial and non-commercial coffee beans extracts. gas chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector (GC/FID) provided higher sensitivity over a similar range of detected compounds than GC/MS. In combination with multivariate analysis, GC/FID could successfully reproduce quality prediction from GC/MS for differentiation of commercial civet coffee, regular coffee and coffee blend with 50 wt % civet coffee content without prior metabolite details. Our study demonstrated that GC/FID-based metabolite fingerprinting can be effectively actualized as an alternative method for coffee authenticity screening in industries.
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Application of gas chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector-based metabolite fingerprinting for authentication of Asian palm civet coffee (Kopi Luwak).
Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2015Co-Authors: Udi Jumhawan, Sastia Prama Putri, Takeshi Bamba, Yusianto, Eiichiro FukusakiAbstract:Development of authenticity screening for Asian palm civet coffee, the world-renowned priciest coffee, was previously reported using metabolite profiling through gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). However, a major drawback of this approach is the high cost of the instrument and maintenance. Therefore, an alternative method is needed for quality and authenticity evaluation of civet coffee. A rapid, reliable and cost-effective analysis employing a universal Detector, GC coupled with Flame Ionization Detector (FID), and metabolite fingerprinting has been established for discrimination analysis of 37 commercial and non-commercial coffee beans extracts. gas chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector (GC/FID) provided higher sensitivity over a similar range of detected compounds than GC/MS. In combination with multivariate analysis, GC/FID could successfully reproduce quality prediction from GC/MS for differentiation of commercial civet coffee, regular coffee and coffee blend with 50 wt % civet coffee content without prior metabolite details. Our study demonstrated that GC/FID-based metabolite fingerprinting can be effectively actualized as an alternative method for coffee authenticity screening in industries.
Udi Jumhawan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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application of gas chromatography Flame Ionization Detector based metabolite fingerprinting for authentication of asian palm civet coffee kopi luwak
Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2015Co-Authors: Udi Jumhawan, Sastia Prama Putri, Takeshi Bamba, Eiichiro FukusakiAbstract:Development of authenticity screening for Asian palm civet coffee, the world-renowned priciest coffee, was previously reported using metabolite profiling through gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). However, a major drawback of this approach is the high cost of the instrument and maintenance. Therefore, an alternative method is needed for quality and authenticity evaluation of civet coffee. A rapid, reliable and cost-effective analysis employing a universal Detector, GC coupled with Flame Ionization Detector (FID), and metabolite fingerprinting has been established for discrimination analysis of 37 commercial and non-commercial coffee beans extracts. gas chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector (GC/FID) provided higher sensitivity over a similar range of detected compounds than GC/MS. In combination with multivariate analysis, GC/FID could successfully reproduce quality prediction from GC/MS for differentiation of commercial civet coffee, regular coffee and coffee blend with 50 wt % civet coffee content without prior metabolite details. Our study demonstrated that GC/FID-based metabolite fingerprinting can be effectively actualized as an alternative method for coffee authenticity screening in industries.
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Application of gas chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector-based metabolite fingerprinting for authentication of Asian palm civet coffee (Kopi Luwak).
Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 2015Co-Authors: Udi Jumhawan, Sastia Prama Putri, Takeshi Bamba, Yusianto, Eiichiro FukusakiAbstract:Development of authenticity screening for Asian palm civet coffee, the world-renowned priciest coffee, was previously reported using metabolite profiling through gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). However, a major drawback of this approach is the high cost of the instrument and maintenance. Therefore, an alternative method is needed for quality and authenticity evaluation of civet coffee. A rapid, reliable and cost-effective analysis employing a universal Detector, GC coupled with Flame Ionization Detector (FID), and metabolite fingerprinting has been established for discrimination analysis of 37 commercial and non-commercial coffee beans extracts. gas chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector (GC/FID) provided higher sensitivity over a similar range of detected compounds than GC/MS. In combination with multivariate analysis, GC/FID could successfully reproduce quality prediction from GC/MS for differentiation of commercial civet coffee, regular coffee and coffee blend with 50 wt % civet coffee content without prior metabolite details. Our study demonstrated that GC/FID-based metabolite fingerprinting can be effectively actualized as an alternative method for coffee authenticity screening in industries.
Asit Kumar Das - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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efficient and quick method for saturates aromatics resins and asphaltenes analysis of whole crude oil by thin layer chromatography Flame Ionization Detector
Energy & Fuels, 2013Co-Authors: Harender Bisht, Manasa Reddy, Manthan Malvanker, Rahul C Patil, A Gupta, Bibeka Hazarika, Asit Kumar DasAbstract:Saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) analysis by thin-layer chromatography–Flame Ionization Detector (TLC–FID) is a fast and efficient technique for group-type analysis of hydrocarbon residues. The present paper attempts to provide a new method for measurement of SARA fractions of whole crude oils using TLC–FID while addressing the issues related to FID calibration and loss of lighter hydrocarbon components during analysis. The experimental results obtained by the new method are compared to the traditional methods.