The Experts below are selected from a list of 246 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
P. Bonnett - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In-situ, simultaneous milling, coating and curing of brittle particulates pre-coated with a LED UV-curable formulation in a Fluid Energy mill
Powder Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Chunmeng Lu, MING-WAN YOUNG, Subhash H Patel, Costas G. Gogos, P. BonnettAbstract:Abstract In conjunction with UV technology, a Fluid Energy mill (FEM) was demonstrated to simultaneously and in-situ achieve several functions, namely: size reduction of pre-coated coarse micron-sized particles with UV-curable chemicals into smaller (ca. 1–10 μm) particles, coating of UV chemicals onto the milled particles, and curing of the UV chemicals. Potassium chloride (KCl) was chosen as the matrix material, and acrylate was chosen as the UV-curable formulation. The hold-up mass method was utilized to estimate the average residence time of particles in the FEM, the results of which showed that the average residence time decreases with increasing grinding pressure and solid feed rate, whereas it was not significantly affected by feeding pressure. Fluorescent microscopy showed that the UV-curable chemicals were evenly transferred to almost every single particle during FEM milling without UV irradiation, whereas they were transferred extensively, but to a lesser extent during FEM milling with UV irradiation. Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) and IR analysis were employed to characterize the conversion of the free radical polymerization. IR analysis showed that the double bond conversion was up to 71%, denoting extensive curing.
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In-situ, simultaneous milling, coating and curing of brittle particulates pre-coated with a LED UV-curable formulation in a Fluid Energy mill
Powder Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Chunmeng Lu, MING-WAN YOUNG, Huiju Liu, Linjie Zhu, Subhash H Patel, Costas G. Gogos, P. BonnettAbstract:In conjunction with UV technology, a Fluid Energy mill (FEM) was demonstrated to simultaneously and in-situ achieve several functions, namely: size reduction of pre-coated coarse micron-sized particles with UV-curable chemicals into smaller (ca. 1-10 μm) particles, coating of UV chemicals onto the milled particles, and curing of the UV chemicals. Potassium chloride (KCl) was chosen as the matrix material, and acrylate was chosen as the UV-curable formulation. The hold-up mass method was utilized to estimate the average residence time of particles in the FEM, the results of which showed that the average residence time decreases with increasing grinding pressure and solid feed rate, whereas it was not significantly affected by feeding pressure. Fluorescent microscopy showed that the UV-curable chemicals were evenly transferred to almost every single particle during FEM milling without UV irradiation, whereas they were transferred extensively, but to a lesser extent during FEM milling with UV irradiation. Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) and IR analysis were employed to characterize the conversion of the free radical polymerization. IR analysis showed that the double bond conversion was up to 71%, denoting extensive curing. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
Costas G. Gogos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In-situ, simultaneous milling, coating and curing of brittle particulates pre-coated with a LED UV-curable formulation in a Fluid Energy mill
Powder Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Chunmeng Lu, MING-WAN YOUNG, Subhash H Patel, Costas G. Gogos, P. BonnettAbstract:Abstract In conjunction with UV technology, a Fluid Energy mill (FEM) was demonstrated to simultaneously and in-situ achieve several functions, namely: size reduction of pre-coated coarse micron-sized particles with UV-curable chemicals into smaller (ca. 1–10 μm) particles, coating of UV chemicals onto the milled particles, and curing of the UV chemicals. Potassium chloride (KCl) was chosen as the matrix material, and acrylate was chosen as the UV-curable formulation. The hold-up mass method was utilized to estimate the average residence time of particles in the FEM, the results of which showed that the average residence time decreases with increasing grinding pressure and solid feed rate, whereas it was not significantly affected by feeding pressure. Fluorescent microscopy showed that the UV-curable chemicals were evenly transferred to almost every single particle during FEM milling without UV irradiation, whereas they were transferred extensively, but to a lesser extent during FEM milling with UV irradiation. Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) and IR analysis were employed to characterize the conversion of the free radical polymerization. IR analysis showed that the double bond conversion was up to 71%, denoting extensive curing.
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In-situ, simultaneous milling, coating and curing of brittle particulates pre-coated with a LED UV-curable formulation in a Fluid Energy mill
Powder Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Chunmeng Lu, MING-WAN YOUNG, Huiju Liu, Linjie Zhu, Subhash H Patel, Costas G. Gogos, P. BonnettAbstract:In conjunction with UV technology, a Fluid Energy mill (FEM) was demonstrated to simultaneously and in-situ achieve several functions, namely: size reduction of pre-coated coarse micron-sized particles with UV-curable chemicals into smaller (ca. 1-10 μm) particles, coating of UV chemicals onto the milled particles, and curing of the UV chemicals. Potassium chloride (KCl) was chosen as the matrix material, and acrylate was chosen as the UV-curable formulation. The hold-up mass method was utilized to estimate the average residence time of particles in the FEM, the results of which showed that the average residence time decreases with increasing grinding pressure and solid feed rate, whereas it was not significantly affected by feeding pressure. Fluorescent microscopy showed that the UV-curable chemicals were evenly transferred to almost every single particle during FEM milling without UV irradiation, whereas they were transferred extensively, but to a lesser extent during FEM milling with UV irradiation. Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) and IR analysis were employed to characterize the conversion of the free radical polymerization. IR analysis showed that the double bond conversion was up to 71%, denoting extensive curing. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
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Analysis of Fluid Energy Mill by gas-solid two-phase flow simulation
Powder Technology, 2011Co-Authors: Shuli Teng, Peng Wang, Qi Zhang, Costas G. GogosAbstract:Abstract The particulate motions and collisions inside the Fluid Energy Mill were simulated by coupling the Discrete Element Method (DEM) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The influences of the operating conditions on the particulate motions and collisions were investigated to further explain size reduction process. The high-speed grinding air streams introduced through narrow inlets selectively accelerate the particles located near the inlets. Those particles are more likely to hit the wall at a high speed, or collide with other particles due to the velocity difference. The simulation results also reveal that abrasion is the dominant breakage mechanism during the particle–particle collisions. On the other hand, with the increase of number of particles in the chamber, the particle–particle collision becomes more important for milling, compared to the particle–wall collision. The side-swipe particle–particle collisions also facilitate transferring of coating materials among particles, which explains the simultaneous milling and coating process recently developed in our lab.
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Mathematical modeling of Fluid Energy milling based on a stochastic approach
Chemical Engineering Science, 2010Co-Authors: Shuli Teng, MING-WAN YOUNG, Peng Wang, Costas G. GogosAbstract:Abstract In this study, the stochastic method is used to simulate the grinding process in a Fluid Energy mill: the product particle size distribution is regarded as the result of repeating elementary breakage events, i.e. M p = M 0 [ T m ] m , where M 0 is the row vector of the size distribution of feed particles, M p is the row vector of the size distribution of product particles, m is the number of elementary steps, and T m is the matrix of transition probabilities representing the elementary breakage event. The matrix of transition probabilities can be related to the breakage rate function and the breakage distribution function of the elementary breakage event. A specially designed apparatus, named single-event Fluid mill, was employed to experimentally estimate those two breakage functions of the elementary breakage event with a breakage rate correction factor θ . The classification effect is taken into consideration by defining a cutting size under which the particle will not break any more. Using this strategy, the product particle size distribution is calculated. The good consistency between the simulation and the experimental results indicates that this model is valid to quantitatively estimate the grinding performance of the Fluid Energy mill.
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Simultaneous milling and coating of inorganic particulates with polymeric coating materials using a Fluid Energy mill
Polymer Engineering and Science, 2010Co-Authors: Qi Zhang, Peng Wang, Shuli Teng, Zheng Qian, Costas G. GogosAbstract:A Fluid Energy–based method and apparatus was used to simultaneously mill and coat coarse particles with the presence of various coating materials, including: three micron-sized particles—carnauba wax, polyethylene (PE), and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles, and one type of nanoparticle, PTFE. The coating performance of polymeric materials and their effect on the breakage of the coarse particles were studied. The Young's modulus of the coating materials and the materials' size ratio were found to be critical in controlling the coating quality. The polymeric coating, working as a lubricant and cushion layer, absorbs part of the high kinetic Energy and results in the larger particle size of Fluid Energy mill–ground product. Experimental and simulation results suggest that side-sweep attrition plays a role in breakage of core particles. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Chunmeng Lu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In-situ, simultaneous milling, coating and curing of brittle particulates pre-coated with a LED UV-curable formulation in a Fluid Energy mill
Powder Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Chunmeng Lu, MING-WAN YOUNG, Subhash H Patel, Costas G. Gogos, P. BonnettAbstract:Abstract In conjunction with UV technology, a Fluid Energy mill (FEM) was demonstrated to simultaneously and in-situ achieve several functions, namely: size reduction of pre-coated coarse micron-sized particles with UV-curable chemicals into smaller (ca. 1–10 μm) particles, coating of UV chemicals onto the milled particles, and curing of the UV chemicals. Potassium chloride (KCl) was chosen as the matrix material, and acrylate was chosen as the UV-curable formulation. The hold-up mass method was utilized to estimate the average residence time of particles in the FEM, the results of which showed that the average residence time decreases with increasing grinding pressure and solid feed rate, whereas it was not significantly affected by feeding pressure. Fluorescent microscopy showed that the UV-curable chemicals were evenly transferred to almost every single particle during FEM milling without UV irradiation, whereas they were transferred extensively, but to a lesser extent during FEM milling with UV irradiation. Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) and IR analysis were employed to characterize the conversion of the free radical polymerization. IR analysis showed that the double bond conversion was up to 71%, denoting extensive curing.
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In-situ, simultaneous milling, coating and curing of brittle particulates pre-coated with a LED UV-curable formulation in a Fluid Energy mill
Powder Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Chunmeng Lu, MING-WAN YOUNG, Huiju Liu, Linjie Zhu, Subhash H Patel, Costas G. Gogos, P. BonnettAbstract:In conjunction with UV technology, a Fluid Energy mill (FEM) was demonstrated to simultaneously and in-situ achieve several functions, namely: size reduction of pre-coated coarse micron-sized particles with UV-curable chemicals into smaller (ca. 1-10 μm) particles, coating of UV chemicals onto the milled particles, and curing of the UV chemicals. Potassium chloride (KCl) was chosen as the matrix material, and acrylate was chosen as the UV-curable formulation. The hold-up mass method was utilized to estimate the average residence time of particles in the FEM, the results of which showed that the average residence time decreases with increasing grinding pressure and solid feed rate, whereas it was not significantly affected by feeding pressure. Fluorescent microscopy showed that the UV-curable chemicals were evenly transferred to almost every single particle during FEM milling without UV irradiation, whereas they were transferred extensively, but to a lesser extent during FEM milling with UV irradiation. Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) and IR analysis were employed to characterize the conversion of the free radical polymerization. IR analysis showed that the double bond conversion was up to 71%, denoting extensive curing. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
MING-WAN YOUNG - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In-situ, simultaneous milling, coating and curing of brittle particulates pre-coated with a LED UV-curable formulation in a Fluid Energy mill
Powder Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Chunmeng Lu, MING-WAN YOUNG, Subhash H Patel, Costas G. Gogos, P. BonnettAbstract:Abstract In conjunction with UV technology, a Fluid Energy mill (FEM) was demonstrated to simultaneously and in-situ achieve several functions, namely: size reduction of pre-coated coarse micron-sized particles with UV-curable chemicals into smaller (ca. 1–10 μm) particles, coating of UV chemicals onto the milled particles, and curing of the UV chemicals. Potassium chloride (KCl) was chosen as the matrix material, and acrylate was chosen as the UV-curable formulation. The hold-up mass method was utilized to estimate the average residence time of particles in the FEM, the results of which showed that the average residence time decreases with increasing grinding pressure and solid feed rate, whereas it was not significantly affected by feeding pressure. Fluorescent microscopy showed that the UV-curable chemicals were evenly transferred to almost every single particle during FEM milling without UV irradiation, whereas they were transferred extensively, but to a lesser extent during FEM milling with UV irradiation. Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) and IR analysis were employed to characterize the conversion of the free radical polymerization. IR analysis showed that the double bond conversion was up to 71%, denoting extensive curing.
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In-situ, simultaneous milling, coating and curing of brittle particulates pre-coated with a LED UV-curable formulation in a Fluid Energy mill
Powder Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Chunmeng Lu, MING-WAN YOUNG, Huiju Liu, Linjie Zhu, Subhash H Patel, Costas G. Gogos, P. BonnettAbstract:In conjunction with UV technology, a Fluid Energy mill (FEM) was demonstrated to simultaneously and in-situ achieve several functions, namely: size reduction of pre-coated coarse micron-sized particles with UV-curable chemicals into smaller (ca. 1-10 μm) particles, coating of UV chemicals onto the milled particles, and curing of the UV chemicals. Potassium chloride (KCl) was chosen as the matrix material, and acrylate was chosen as the UV-curable formulation. The hold-up mass method was utilized to estimate the average residence time of particles in the FEM, the results of which showed that the average residence time decreases with increasing grinding pressure and solid feed rate, whereas it was not significantly affected by feeding pressure. Fluorescent microscopy showed that the UV-curable chemicals were evenly transferred to almost every single particle during FEM milling without UV irradiation, whereas they were transferred extensively, but to a lesser extent during FEM milling with UV irradiation. Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) and IR analysis were employed to characterize the conversion of the free radical polymerization. IR analysis showed that the double bond conversion was up to 71%, denoting extensive curing. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.
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Mathematical modeling of Fluid Energy milling based on a stochastic approach
Chemical Engineering Science, 2010Co-Authors: Shuli Teng, MING-WAN YOUNG, Peng Wang, Costas G. GogosAbstract:Abstract In this study, the stochastic method is used to simulate the grinding process in a Fluid Energy mill: the product particle size distribution is regarded as the result of repeating elementary breakage events, i.e. M p = M 0 [ T m ] m , where M 0 is the row vector of the size distribution of feed particles, M p is the row vector of the size distribution of product particles, m is the number of elementary steps, and T m is the matrix of transition probabilities representing the elementary breakage event. The matrix of transition probabilities can be related to the breakage rate function and the breakage distribution function of the elementary breakage event. A specially designed apparatus, named single-event Fluid mill, was employed to experimentally estimate those two breakage functions of the elementary breakage event with a breakage rate correction factor θ . The classification effect is taken into consideration by defining a cutting size under which the particle will not break any more. Using this strategy, the product particle size distribution is calculated. The good consistency between the simulation and the experimental results indicates that this model is valid to quantitatively estimate the grinding performance of the Fluid Energy mill.
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Experimental and numerical analysis of a lab-scale Fluid Energy mill
Powder Technology, 2009Co-Authors: Shuli Teng, MING-WAN YOUNG, Peng Wang, Costas G. GogosAbstract:Abstract This study investigates the grinding performance of Fluid Energy Mill (FEM) through experimental studying and numerical simulation. The experimental parametric study shows that the mean product particle size decreases with grinding pressure (GP) and increases with the solid feed rate (SFR). In comparison, the influence of the feed pressure (FP) on the product size is much less significant. Visualization study indicates the existence of a particle-concentrated layer near the peripheral wall region, named the grinding region in this article since most of the collision-induced size reduction occurred in this region. The grinding air streams re-orient the particles, facilitating particle–particle and particle–wall collisions downstream in the grinding region. To understand the influence of the particle–wall collision, the peripheral wall of FEM was coated with a foam film in some experiments. The particle–wall collision was found to play a significant role in size reduction, especially under low air pressure. The gas flow inside the grinding chamber was simulated as the initial step to the ongoing 2-phase flow simulation of the milling process in the FEM. The simulation results show that eddies are formed at the feed air entrance, which explains the tendency of fine particle deposition in this region. The simulation results also suggest a strong relationship between the GP and the mean gas velocity in the grinding region.
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A novel process for simultaneous milling and coating of particulates
Powder Technology, 2009Co-Authors: Peng Wang, MING-WAN YOUNG, Shuli Teng, Qi Zhang, Costas G. GogosAbstract:Ascorbic acid particulates are simultaneously milled and coated with wax in this study using a novel process based on Fluid Energy milling. A premix of ascorbic acid particulates and wax powders are fed into a Fluid Energy mill (FEM), inside which ascorbic acid particulates frequently collide with each other, wax powder particles and the wall. Consequently, ascorbic acid particulates are broken down to smaller sizes and coated with wax simultaneously. This novel simultaneous milling and coating process has several advantages compared to traditional separate milling and coating processes such as elimination of solvent usage, reduction of agglomeration, and vastly improved production efficiency. In this study the influences of the grinding air pressure and wax content on the process are investigated. The results suggest that milling and coating should be optimized collectively for this process. In general, higher Energy input leads to smaller particulate size and makes it more difficult to coat, whereas higher wax content leads to higher coating coverage and larger particulate size. The wax coating slows the dissolution rate of ascorbic acid in water, especially when the wax content passes a certain threshold value.
Subhash H Patel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In-situ, simultaneous milling, coating and curing of brittle particulates pre-coated with a LED UV-curable formulation in a Fluid Energy mill
Powder Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Chunmeng Lu, MING-WAN YOUNG, Subhash H Patel, Costas G. Gogos, P. BonnettAbstract:Abstract In conjunction with UV technology, a Fluid Energy mill (FEM) was demonstrated to simultaneously and in-situ achieve several functions, namely: size reduction of pre-coated coarse micron-sized particles with UV-curable chemicals into smaller (ca. 1–10 μm) particles, coating of UV chemicals onto the milled particles, and curing of the UV chemicals. Potassium chloride (KCl) was chosen as the matrix material, and acrylate was chosen as the UV-curable formulation. The hold-up mass method was utilized to estimate the average residence time of particles in the FEM, the results of which showed that the average residence time decreases with increasing grinding pressure and solid feed rate, whereas it was not significantly affected by feeding pressure. Fluorescent microscopy showed that the UV-curable chemicals were evenly transferred to almost every single particle during FEM milling without UV irradiation, whereas they were transferred extensively, but to a lesser extent during FEM milling with UV irradiation. Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) and IR analysis were employed to characterize the conversion of the free radical polymerization. IR analysis showed that the double bond conversion was up to 71%, denoting extensive curing.
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In-situ, simultaneous milling, coating and curing of brittle particulates pre-coated with a LED UV-curable formulation in a Fluid Energy mill
Powder Technology, 2012Co-Authors: Chunmeng Lu, MING-WAN YOUNG, Huiju Liu, Linjie Zhu, Subhash H Patel, Costas G. Gogos, P. BonnettAbstract:In conjunction with UV technology, a Fluid Energy mill (FEM) was demonstrated to simultaneously and in-situ achieve several functions, namely: size reduction of pre-coated coarse micron-sized particles with UV-curable chemicals into smaller (ca. 1-10 μm) particles, coating of UV chemicals onto the milled particles, and curing of the UV chemicals. Potassium chloride (KCl) was chosen as the matrix material, and acrylate was chosen as the UV-curable formulation. The hold-up mass method was utilized to estimate the average residence time of particles in the FEM, the results of which showed that the average residence time decreases with increasing grinding pressure and solid feed rate, whereas it was not significantly affected by feeding pressure. Fluorescent microscopy showed that the UV-curable chemicals were evenly transferred to almost every single particle during FEM milling without UV irradiation, whereas they were transferred extensively, but to a lesser extent during FEM milling with UV irradiation. Thermal analysis (TGA and DSC) and IR analysis were employed to characterize the conversion of the free radical polymerization. IR analysis showed that the double bond conversion was up to 71%, denoting extensive curing. © 2011 Elsevier B.V.