The Experts below are selected from a list of 315 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Torbjørn Alm - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fern rhizomes as fodder in Norway.
    Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, 2016
    Co-Authors: Torbjørn Alm
    Abstract:

    Although ferns are often known under collective names in Norway, e.g. blom, a substantial number of vernacular names for individual fern species are known, in particular for useful or poisonous taxa. In the past, the rhizomes (Norwegian: moldfor) of selected species were collected for fodder. Only scattered records of such use are available from southern Norway, and the Tradition’s core area is found in the two North Norwegian counties of Nordland and Troms, in accordance with the longer winters encountered in the north, frequently leading to fodder shortage in early spring. The Tradition extends northeastwards into Finnmark, but is less well documented there. Although numerous sources mention the use of fern rhizomes for fodder, the fern species hiding behind the Tradition are incompletely known. This paper aims at reviewing available data in terms of identifyng the species used for fodder, the history and geographical distribution of such use, and other relevant Traditions, e.g. the timing and mode of collection, and the way the rhizomes were used. The study is based on data extracted from a variety of archival and literature sources; the latter retrived from my database of more than 7500 publications providing information on plant names and plant uses in Norway. More than 200 individual records mention the use of fern rhizomes for fodder in Norway. Only a fraction of these, typically made by botanist recording data on plant uses, provides information on the identity of the species used. Based on these, Dryopteris filix-mas and Matteuccia struthiopteris stand out as the most important species serving as sources of fern rhizomes for fodder. Locally, Dryopteris expansa was the preferred species, and this taxon may to some extent be overlooked in the records so far available. With a few exceptions, Norwegian Folk Tradition singles out Athyrium filix-femina as a harmful and poisonous species, causing livestock to go blind and lame, but whether this is true or not, remains unknown; the symptoms are in fact documented elsewhere as a consequence of poisoning due to Dryopteris filix-mas. In coastal north Norway, fern rhizomes were regularly collected for fodder, both in late autumn and early spring, and used to remedy a recurrent shortage of fodder in late winter and spring. Locally, the Tradition of collecting fern rhizomes lived on until the 1940’s or 1950’s. Although mainly a Tradition of the ethnic Norwegians, it had also been adopted by the farmers belonging to the Finnish and Sami ethnic minorities. Fern rhizomes have a long Tradition as an additional fodder for livestock in Norway. Preferred species were Matteuccia struthiopteris and Dryopteris filix-mas, locally also Dryopteris expansa. Athyrium filix-femina was considered to be poisonous, and usually avoided.

  • Plant species introduced by foreigners according to Folk Tradition in Norway and some other European countries: xenophobic tales or not?
    Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine, 2015
    Co-Authors: Torbjørn Alm
    Abstract:

    In their quest to understand and interpret nature, people have frequently sought religious or divine origins for plant species and their characteristics. Less often, historical events or persons are involved. This study comprises eleven cases of the latter kind, all claiming that plant species have been introduced by foreigners or at least from foreign lands. Based on literature data and a few cases recorded during my own ethnobotanical field work, eleven European examples of pseudo-historical plant origins are presented here, including Cakile maritima, Cicuta virosa, Lathyrus japonicus, Leymus arenarius, Primula vulgaris, and Scopolia carniolica in Norway, Heracleum mantegazzianum and/or H. persicum in Denmark, Phoenix dactylifera and P. theophrastii in Greece, and Jacobaea vulgaris in Scotland. The only common trait in these stories is that foreigner or at least foreign lands are claimed as sources of the plant species. In most cases, the “historical” explanations given in Folk Tradition are demonstrably at odds with reality. In those cases that involve poisonous or potentially harmful species (Cicuta virosa, Heracleum mantegazzianum and/or H. persicum, Jacobaea vulgaris), or the “useless” Phoenix theophrastii, with its inedible fruits, the stories may be interpreted as xenophobic, blaming foreigners for introducing dangerous or worthless species. The remaining examples merely suggest a search for exotic and seemingly rational, if erroneous, origins for plant species and stands that people considered strange and unusual. The spreading vectors assumed in Folk Tradition are correct and well documented, e.g. ship cargos (including goods and packing materials), which are responsible for introducing ballast plants and other anthropochores, and wartime activities, introducing a broad range of species (polemochores). They do not, however, apply to the species included in this study, which are either indigenous plants or introduced ornamentals. The foreigners appearing in the Folk tales serve mostly as suitably exotic explanations for what is perceived “alien” plants.

Virgil Henry Storr - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • B’ Rabby as a 'True-True Bahamian': Rabbyism as Bahamian Ethos and Worldview in the Bahamas’ Folk Tradition and the Works of Strachan and Glinton-Meicholas
    2009
    Co-Authors: Virgil Henry Storr
    Abstract:

    'B’ Rabby is more than just the cunning protagonist taking advantage of B’ Boukee in one tale after the other. He is also, I contend, a figure that we meet again and again in our history books, our Folk songs, our poems, our novels, and our plays. The pirates, smugglers, and bootleggers of yesteryear are today’s successful businessmen and political leaders. In short, the characters from our past and present who we admire and celebrate all seem to have something in common with these mythical creatures. Similarly, contemporary novelists like Ian Strachan and satirists like Patricia Glinton-Meicholas represent the Bahamas as a nation peopled with B’ Boukee and B’ Rabby figures and depict Bahamian society as one dominated by what I call Rabbyism. It is my intention to undertake a careful read of Strachan’s God’s Angry Babies and Glinton-Meicholas’ The 99¢ Breakfast in an effort to demonstrate just what I mean by that charge. Before doing that, however, it makes sense to explore the Folk values and ideas that come out of the Bahamas’ Folk Tradition.

  • b rabby as a true true bahamian rabbyism as bahamian ethos and worldview in the bahamas Folk Tradition and the works of strachan and glinton meicholas
    2009
    Co-Authors: Virgil Henry Storr
    Abstract:

    'B’ Rabby is more than just the cunning protagonist taking advantage of B’ Boukee in one tale after the other. He is also, I contend, a figure that we meet again and again in our history books, our Folk songs, our poems, our novels, and our plays. The pirates, smugglers, and bootleggers of yesteryear are today’s successful businessmen and political leaders. In short, the characters from our past and present who we admire and celebrate all seem to have something in common with these mythical creatures. Similarly, contemporary novelists like Ian Strachan and satirists like Patricia Glinton-Meicholas represent the Bahamas as a nation peopled with B’ Boukee and B’ Rabby figures and depict Bahamian society as one dominated by what I call Rabbyism. It is my intention to undertake a careful read of Strachan’s God’s Angry Babies and Glinton-Meicholas’ The 99¢ Breakfast in an effort to demonstrate just what I mean by that charge. Before doing that, however, it makes sense to explore the Folk values and ideas that come out of the Bahamas’ Folk Tradition.

Alm Torbjørn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Fern rhizomes as fodder in Norway
    'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2016
    Co-Authors: Alm Torbjørn
    Abstract:

    Published version. Source at http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13002-016-0112-0 Background: Although ferns are often known under collective names in Norway, e.g. blom, a substantial number of vernacular names for individual fern species are known, in particular for useful or poisonous taxa. In the past, the rhizomes (Norwegian: moldfôr) of selected species were collected for fodder. Only scattered records of such use are available from southern Norway, and the Tradition’s core area is found in the two North Norwegian counties of Nordland and Troms, in accordance with the longer winters encountered in the north, frequently leading to fodder shortage in early spring. The Tradition extends northeastwards into Finnmark, but is less well documented there. Although numerous sources mention the use of fern rhizomes for fodder, the fern species hiding behind the Tradition are incompletely known. This paper aims at reviewing available data in terms of identifyng the species used for fodder, the history and geographical distribution of such use, and other relevant Traditions, e.g. the timing and mode of collection, and the way the rhizomes were used. Methods: The study is based on data extracted from a variety of archival and literature sources; the latter retrived from my database of more than 7500 publications providing information on plant names and plant uses in Norway. Results: More than 200 individual records mention the use of fern rhizomes for fodder in Norway. Only a fraction of these, typically made by botanist recording data on plant uses, provides information on the identity of the species used. Based on these, Dryopteris filix-mas and Matteuccia struthiopteris stand out as the most important species serving as sources of fern rhizomes for fodder. Locally, Dryopteris expansa was the preferred species, and this taxon may to some extent be overlooked in the records so far available. With a few exceptions, Norwegian Folk Tradition singles out Athyrium filix-femina as a harmful and poisonous species, causing livestock to go blind and lame, but whether this is true or not, remains unknown; the symptoms are in fact documented elsewhere as a consequence of poisoning due to Dryopteris filix-mas. In coastal north Norway, fern rhizomes were regularly collected for fodder, both in late autumn and early spring, and used to remedy a recurrent shortage of fodder in late winter and spring. Locally, the Tradition of collecting fern rhizomes lived on until the 1940’s or 1950’s. Although mainly a Tradition of the ethnic Norwegians, it had also been adopted by the farmers belonging to the Finnish and Sámi ethnic minorities. Conclusion: Fern rhizomes have a long Tradition as an additional fodder for livestock in Norway. Preferred species were Matteuccia struthiopteris and Dryopteris filix-mas, locally also Dryopteris expansa. Athyrium filix-femina was considered to be poisonous, and usually avoided

  • Fern rhizomes as fodder in Norway
    'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2016
    Co-Authors: Alm Torbjørn
    Abstract:

    Background: Although ferns are often known under collective names in Norway, e.g. blom, a substantial number of vernacular names for individual fern species are known, in particular for useful or poisonous taxa. In the past, the rhizomes (Norwegian: moldfôr) of selected species were collected for fodder. Only scattered records of such use are available from southern Norway, and the Tradition’s core area is found in the two North Norwegian counties of Nordland and Troms, in accordance with the longer winters encountered in the north, frequently leading to fodder shortage in early spring. The Tradition extends northeastwards into Finnmark, but is less well documented there. Although numerous sources mention the use of fern rhizomes for fodder, the fern species hiding behind the Tradition are incompletely known. This paper aims at reviewing available data in terms of identifyng the species used for fodder, the history and geographical distribution of such use, and other relevant Traditions, e.g. the timing and mode of collection, and the way the rhizomes were used. Methods: The study is based on data extracted from a variety of archival and literature sources; the latter retrived from my database of more than 7500 publications providing information on plant names and plant uses in Norway. Results: More than 200 individual records mention the use of fern rhizomes for fodder in Norway. Only a fraction of these, typically made by botanist recording data on plant uses, provides information on the identity of the species used. Based on these, Dryopteris filix-mas and Matteuccia struthiopteris stand out as the most important species serving as sources of fern rhizomes for fodder. Locally, Dryopteris expansa was the preferred species, and this taxon may to some extent be overlooked in the records so far available. With a few exceptions, Norwegian Folk Tradition singles out Athyrium filix-femina as a harmful and poisonous species, causing livestock to go blind and lame, but whether this is true or not, remains unknown; the symptoms are in fact documented elsewhere as a consequence of poisoning due to Dryopteris filix-mas. In coastal north Norway, fern rhizomes were regularly collected for fodder, both in late autumn and early spring, and used to remedy a recurrent shortage of fodder in late winter and spring. Locally, the Tradition of collecting fern rhizomes lived on until the 1940’s or 1950’s. Although mainly a Tradition of the ethnic Norwegians, it had also been adopted by the farmers belonging to the Finnish and Sámi ethnic minorities. Conclusion: Fern rhizomes have a long Tradition as an additional fodder for livestock in Norway. Preferred species were Matteuccia struthiopteris and Dryopteris filix-mas, locally also Dryopteris expansa. Athyrium filix-femina was considered to be poisonous, and usually avoided

  • Plant species introduced by foreigners according to Folk Tradition in Norway and some other European countries: Xenophobic tales or not?
    'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2015
    Co-Authors: Alm Torbjørn
    Abstract:

    Background In their quest to understand and interpret nature, people have frequently sought religious or divine origins for plant species and their characteristics. Less often, historical events or persons are involved. This study comprises eleven cases of the latter kind, all claiming that plant species have been introduced by foreigners or at least from foreign lands. Methods Based on literature data and a few cases recorded during my own ethnobotanical field work, eleven European examples of pseudo-historical plant origins are presented here, including Cakile maritima, Cicuta virosa, Lathyrus japonicus, Leymus arenarius, Primula vulgaris, and Scopolia carniolica in Norway, Heracleum mantegazzianum and/or H. persicum in Denmark, Phoenix dactylifera and P. theophrastii in Greece, and Jacobaea vulgaris in Scotland. Results The only common trait in these stories is that foreigner or at least foreign lands are claimed as sources of the plant species. In most cases, the “historical” explanations given in Folk Tradition are demonstrably at odds with reality. In those cases that involve poisonous or potentially harmful species (Cicuta virosa, Heracleum mantegazzianum and/or H. persicum, Jacobaea vulgaris), or the “useless” Phoenix theophrastii, with its inedible fruits, the stories may be interpreted as xenophobic, blaming foreigners for introducing dangerous or worthless species. The remaining examples merely suggest a search for exotic and seemingly rational, if erroneous, origins for plant species and stands that people considered strange and unusual. Conclusion The spreading vectors assumed in Folk Tradition are correct and well documented, e.g. ship cargos (including goods and packing materials), which are responsible for introducing ballast plants and other anthropochores, and wartime activities, introducing a broad range of species (polemochores). They do not, however, apply to the species included in this study, which are either indigenous plants or introduced ornamentals. The foreigners appearing in the Folk tales serve mostly as suitably exotic explanations for what is perceived “alien” plants

  • Plant species introduced by foreigners according to Folk Tradition in Norway and some other European countries: Xenophobic tales or not?
    'Springer Science and Business Media LLC', 2015
    Co-Authors: Alm Torbjørn
    Abstract:

    Published version. Source at http://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0056-9.Background In their quest to understand and interpret nature, people have frequently sought religious or divine origins for plant species and their characteristics. Less often, historical events or persons are involved. This study comprises eleven cases of the latter kind, all claiming that plant species have been introduced by foreigners or at least from foreign lands. Methods Based on literature data and a few cases recorded during my own ethnobotanical field work, eleven European examples of pseudo-historical plant origins are presented here, including Cakile maritima, Cicuta virosa, Lathyrus japonicus, Leymus arenarius, Primula vulgaris, and Scopolia carniolica in Norway, Heracleum mantegazzianum and/or H. persicum in Denmark, Phoenix dactylifera and P. theophrastii in Greece, and Jacobaea vulgaris in Scotland. Results The only common trait in these stories is that foreigner or at least foreign lands are claimed as sources of the plant species. In most cases, the “historical” explanations given in Folk Tradition are demonstrably at odds with reality. In those cases that involve poisonous or potentially harmful species (Cicuta virosa, Heracleum mantegazzianum and/or H. persicum, Jacobaea vulgaris), or the “useless” Phoenix theophrastii, with its inedible fruits, the stories may be interpreted as xenophobic, blaming foreigners for introducing dangerous or worthless species. The remaining examples merely suggest a search for exotic and seemingly rational, if erroneous, origins for plant species and stands that people considered strange and unusual. Conclusion The spreading vectors assumed in Folk Tradition are correct and well documented, e.g. ship cargos (including goods and packing materials), which are responsible for introducing ballast plants and other anthropochores, and wartime activities, introducing a broad range of species (polemochores). They do not, however, apply to the species included in this study, which are either indigenous plants or introduced ornamentals. The foreigners appearing in the Folk tales serve mostly as suitably exotic explanations for what is perceived “alien” plants

Zhao Yong-bin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • oral culture written culture from conflict to fusion views on construction of modern literary language from linguistic viewpoints of zhao shu li wang zeng qi
    Journal of Shanxi University, 2006
    Co-Authors: Zhao Yong-bin
    Abstract:

    Zhao Shu-li's viewpoint of literary language is shaped at the second stage of the modern Chinese, and it is a necessary negation of the over-emphasis on written language and westernization prevailing at the initial stage. Unfortunately, it is his exclusive stress on the oral and Folk Tradition and his rejection against other Traditions that makes his language lose the room of further development. Unlike Zhao, Wang Zengqi, as a writer at the third stage of the modern Chinese, relies on the Tradition of written language, takes the oral and Folk Tradition, and surpasses Zhao. And it is he who complete the second negation,after which the modern literary Chinese has established its true national form.

Zhao Yong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.