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Anke Jentsch - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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predicting Forage Quality of species rich pasture grasslands using vis nirs to reveal effects of management intensity and climate change
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2020Co-Authors: Bernd Josef Berauer, Peter A Wilfahrt, Bjorn Reu, Max A Schuchardt, Noelia Garciafranco, Marcus Zistlschlingmann, Michael Dannenmann, Ralf Kiese, Anna Kuhnel, Anke JentschAbstract:Abstract With a growing human population facing multiple global change drivers (i.e. climate change and land management change), the future of food security is of major importance. Sustainable agriculture is therefore key to ensure food supply and food security under future climatic conditions. Forage provision (composed of Forage quantity and Forage Quality) is an important ecosystem service of grasslands for dairy production. However, monitoring Forage Quality in semi-natural species-rich grasslands is rarely done due to the inherent complexity in determining Forage Quality, high variability within natural systems and financial and workload restrictions. Here, we i) demonstrate the ability of visible-near-infrared spectroscopy (vis-NIRS) to predict Forage Quality of bulk samples of species-rich montane pastures and ii) show its potential to reveal effects of two key global change drivers, climate change and land management, on Forage Quality. Spectral information and chemometrics allowed us to predict three (ash, fat and protein) out of four analyzed Forage Quality parameters with high accuracy. Land management intensity strongly influenced species-rich grasslands’ protein and fat content, whereas altered climatic conditions influenced ash and fat content. High management intensity increased protein content of high- and mid-elevation pastures by 22 % and 30 % and fat content by 19 % and 20 % respectively. Though Forage Quality was improved by intensive land management, extensive land management generally revealed sufficient Forage Quality for livestock. Vis-NIRS provides a rapid, cost-efficient and high-throughput technique to analyze Forage Quality, revealing effects of global change drivers on Forage Quality of grasslands. This approach will help to support stakeholders assure optimal nutrition feeding of livestock and achieve steps towards sustainable agriculture.
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water stress due to increased intra annual precipitation variability reduced Forage yield but raised Forage Quality of a temperate grassland
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2014Co-Authors: Kerstin Grant, Juergen Kreyling, Laura F H Dienstbach, Carl Beierkuhnlein, Anke JentschAbstract:Abstract Due to climate change an increase in the intra-annual precipitation variability including extreme drought and heavy rainfall events is predicted to impact major ecosystem processes. Evidence suggests that crop and Forage production will be affected by altered climate variability. Due to the growing human population and rising demand for high Quality animal feed it is necessary to determine the consequence of increased precipitation variability on Forage yield and Quality in order to adapt or implement compensation strategies against possible negative effects. Here, we present data from a field experiment in which a temperate European grassland was subjected to altered intra-annual precipitation variability (low, medium, high) in interaction with management strategies namely fertilization and alteration of harvest date (delay by 10 days). We measured Forage yield and root length, quantified parameters of Forage Quality (crude protein, crude fiber, crude ash, crude fat, sugar, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), in vitro gas production) and estimated relative feed value, net energy for lactation and metabolizable energy. Additionally, we tested the influence of seasonality of extreme weather events on the responsiveness of Forage yield and Quality to management strategies. Increased intra-annual precipitation variability decreased Forage yield of the grassland. Furthermore, the proportion of functional groups was altered toward less grass and more forb biomass with amplified precipitation variability. Increased crude protein content and reduced fiber content (crude fiber, NDF, ADF) with increasing precipitation variability improved the relative feed values. Crude protein content was enhanced by fertilization during drought but reduced by delayed harvest after the drought period. Fertilization reduced losses in grassland annual yield caused by extreme precipitation. Management strategies proved less effective if precipitation variability occurred later in the season than earlier in the season. A nitrogen dilution effect (decreased plant nitrogen concentration with increasing shoot biomass) likely influenced the grassland crude protein contents under altered precipitation regimes and might have masked possible effects of precipitation variability on plant nitrogen and therefore on Quality of grassland species. Nevertheless, alterations in the plant community composition and plant senescence seem to be the main drivers of Forage Quality change. Fertilization during drought periods and harvest delay after drought periods were only partially successful as management strategies to sustain Forage production in more extreme precipitation regimes of the future. Further strategies need to be developed that acknowledge the shift in plant species compositions as the main driver of changes in Forage Quality in the face of changing precipitation patterns.
Ferat Uzun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization of rangelands affects yield Forage Quality and the botanical composition
European Journal of Agronomy, 2005Co-Authors: I Aydin, Ferat UzunAbstract:Abstract Nitrogen fertilization of rangelands in order to increase dry matter yield results in a decrease in legume ratios in botanical composition, which reduces Forage Quality. The objectives of the present study therefore were to investigate whether this negative effect of N fertilization on Forage Quality can be compensated by additional P application and also to determine the optimum fertilizer doses in rangelands to obtain economical benefits. Therefore, 0, 60, 120, 180 kg N ha−1 and 0, 26, 52 kg P ha−1 fertilizer rates were applied each year over a period of 3 years to 12 plots within each of 4 blocks. Botanical composition of the plots was determined and classified as grass, legumes and others for each treatment group based on dry weights. Dry matter yield, crude protein concentration and crude protein yield in treatment groups for each year were determined. Consequently, averaged over the 3 years of experimental period, nitrogen fertilizer increased the dry matter yield. The dry matter yield was 1467 kg ha−1 in control plot, while it increased up to 3293 kg ha−1 in plot applied with 180 kg N ha−1 without P. Nitrogen fertilization slightly decreased the crude protein concentration in the Forage dry matter from 120 g kg−1 in the non-fertilized control to 103–116 g kg−1 in the plots fertilized only with nitrogen. This effect can be explained by the observation that the nitrogen fertilization resulted in a decline of the legume proportion from 47% in the non-fertilized control to 5% with the highest N rate. The protein concentration in legume plants was always considerably higher than that in the grass and other species. Applying additional phosphorus compensated this negative effect of the nitrogen fertilization on the Forage Quality in terms of protein concentration. The economic optimum was found with the highest fertilizer doses providing 52 kg P ha−1 + 180 kg N ha−1 producing 4810 kg ha−1 Forage dry matter with a crude protein concentration of 124 g kg−1 and legume proportion of 12%.
Changling Huang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genome wide association analysis of Forage Quality in maize mature stalk
BMC Plant Biology, 2016Co-Authors: Hongwu Wang, Xiaojiao Hu, Yujin Wu, Kun Li, Changling HuangAbstract:Background Plant digestibility of silage maize (Zea mays L.) has a large influence on nutrition intake for animal feeding. Improving Forage Quality will enhance the utilization efficiency and feeding value of Forage maize. Dissecting the genetic basis of Forage Quality will improve our understanding of the complex nature of cell wall biosynthesis and degradation, which is also helpful for breeding good Quality silage maize.
I Aydin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization of rangelands affects yield Forage Quality and the botanical composition
European Journal of Agronomy, 2005Co-Authors: I Aydin, Ferat UzunAbstract:Abstract Nitrogen fertilization of rangelands in order to increase dry matter yield results in a decrease in legume ratios in botanical composition, which reduces Forage Quality. The objectives of the present study therefore were to investigate whether this negative effect of N fertilization on Forage Quality can be compensated by additional P application and also to determine the optimum fertilizer doses in rangelands to obtain economical benefits. Therefore, 0, 60, 120, 180 kg N ha−1 and 0, 26, 52 kg P ha−1 fertilizer rates were applied each year over a period of 3 years to 12 plots within each of 4 blocks. Botanical composition of the plots was determined and classified as grass, legumes and others for each treatment group based on dry weights. Dry matter yield, crude protein concentration and crude protein yield in treatment groups for each year were determined. Consequently, averaged over the 3 years of experimental period, nitrogen fertilizer increased the dry matter yield. The dry matter yield was 1467 kg ha−1 in control plot, while it increased up to 3293 kg ha−1 in plot applied with 180 kg N ha−1 without P. Nitrogen fertilization slightly decreased the crude protein concentration in the Forage dry matter from 120 g kg−1 in the non-fertilized control to 103–116 g kg−1 in the plots fertilized only with nitrogen. This effect can be explained by the observation that the nitrogen fertilization resulted in a decline of the legume proportion from 47% in the non-fertilized control to 5% with the highest N rate. The protein concentration in legume plants was always considerably higher than that in the grass and other species. Applying additional phosphorus compensated this negative effect of the nitrogen fertilization on the Forage Quality in terms of protein concentration. The economic optimum was found with the highest fertilizer doses providing 52 kg P ha−1 + 180 kg N ha−1 producing 4810 kg ha−1 Forage dry matter with a crude protein concentration of 124 g kg−1 and legume proportion of 12%.
Bernd Josef Berauer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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predicting Forage Quality of species rich pasture grasslands using vis nirs to reveal effects of management intensity and climate change
Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment, 2020Co-Authors: Bernd Josef Berauer, Peter A Wilfahrt, Bjorn Reu, Max A Schuchardt, Noelia Garciafranco, Marcus Zistlschlingmann, Michael Dannenmann, Ralf Kiese, Anna Kuhnel, Anke JentschAbstract:Abstract With a growing human population facing multiple global change drivers (i.e. climate change and land management change), the future of food security is of major importance. Sustainable agriculture is therefore key to ensure food supply and food security under future climatic conditions. Forage provision (composed of Forage quantity and Forage Quality) is an important ecosystem service of grasslands for dairy production. However, monitoring Forage Quality in semi-natural species-rich grasslands is rarely done due to the inherent complexity in determining Forage Quality, high variability within natural systems and financial and workload restrictions. Here, we i) demonstrate the ability of visible-near-infrared spectroscopy (vis-NIRS) to predict Forage Quality of bulk samples of species-rich montane pastures and ii) show its potential to reveal effects of two key global change drivers, climate change and land management, on Forage Quality. Spectral information and chemometrics allowed us to predict three (ash, fat and protein) out of four analyzed Forage Quality parameters with high accuracy. Land management intensity strongly influenced species-rich grasslands’ protein and fat content, whereas altered climatic conditions influenced ash and fat content. High management intensity increased protein content of high- and mid-elevation pastures by 22 % and 30 % and fat content by 19 % and 20 % respectively. Though Forage Quality was improved by intensive land management, extensive land management generally revealed sufficient Forage Quality for livestock. Vis-NIRS provides a rapid, cost-efficient and high-throughput technique to analyze Forage Quality, revealing effects of global change drivers on Forage Quality of grasslands. This approach will help to support stakeholders assure optimal nutrition feeding of livestock and achieve steps towards sustainable agriculture.