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Eugene G. Krenzer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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planting date influence on dual purpose winter wheat Forage Yield grain Yield and test weight
Agronomy Journal, 2003Co-Authors: Ishrat Hossain, Francis M Epplin, Eugene G. KrenzerAbstract:The use of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) as a dual-purpose Forage and grain crop is important to the agricultural economies of the Southern Great Plains of the USA. Planting date is an important management factor in determining the economic success of a dual-purpose winter wheat enterprise. The overall objective of the research reported in this paper is to determine the economic optimal planting date for dual-purpose winter wheat production. The specific objectives are to determine wheat fall-winter Forage Yield, wheat grain Yield, and wheat test weight response to planting date for dual-purpose winter wheat production. Field studies were conducted in north central Oklahoma from 1991-1992 through 1999-2000. The impact of alternative planting dates on dual-purpose wheat fall-winter Forage Yield, grain Yield, and test weight was estimated. Estimated response functions illustrate that delaying the planting date from 10 to 30 September resulted in an 18% increase in expected grain Yield, a 68% decrease in expected fall-winter Forage Yield, and only a 0.5% increase in expected test weight. Optimal planting date is sensitive to the relative value of wheat fall-winter Forage and wheat grain, but not sensitive to wheat test weight discount schedules. When the value of wheat Forage is high relative to the value of grain, it is more profitable to plant early to increase expected Forage Yield. Alternatively, when the value of grain is high relative to the value of Forage, later planting generates greater net returns.
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winter wheat fall winter Forage Yield and grain Yield response to planting date in a dual purpose system
Agricultural Systems, 2000Co-Authors: Francis M Epplin, Ishrat Hossain, Eugene G. KrenzerAbstract:Abstract Previous published research suggests that if fall–winter grazing of winter wheat is properly managed, it will not reduce grain Yield. However, highly aggregated state average data suggest that fall–winter grazing is associated with lower grain Yields. This study was undertaken to determine the trade-off, or substitution in production, between winter wheat fall–winter Forage Yield and grain Yield across planting dates. Data from experiment station trials were used to estimate response functions and to determine optimal planting dates. The estimated response functions suggest relatively large differences in expected fall–winter Forage Yield and expected grain Yield across planting date. Optimal planting date is sensitive to the value of fall–winter Forage relative to the value of wheat grain. Producers will optimally plant wheat intended for dual-purpose use earlier than wheat intended for grain-only. The expected Yield from the earlier planted dual-purpose wheat is lower than the expected Yield of the later planted grain-only wheat as a result of the earlier planting date.
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Visual selection for Forage Yield in winter wheat
Crop Science, 1993Co-Authors: Nasir Ud-din, Brett F. Carver, Eugene G. KrenzerAbstract:Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is used as both a grain and Forage crop in the southern Great Plains, but wheat breeding programs traditionally emphasize grain characteristics when evaluating experimental strains. Forage-Yield tests of large segregating populations are expensive and often unfeasible due to limited seed supply in early generations. Therefore, accurate visual prediction of Forage Yield potential from small plots would appeal to breeders. The objectives of this study were to measure the response to bidirectional visual selection for traits associated with Forage Yield based on a season-long index, and to determine the correlated response in grain Yield (.)
M D Yiakoulaki - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Forage Yield and quality of common vetch mixtures with oat and triticale in two seeding ratios
Field Crops Research, 2006Co-Authors: A S Lithourgidis, Ioannis Vasilakoglou, Kico Dhima, Christos Dordas, M D YiakoulakiAbstract:Mixtures of annual Forage legumes with winter cereals for Forage production are used extensively in the Mediterranean region. Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), and triticale (� Triticosecale Wittmack) monocultures as well as mixtures of common vetch with each of the above cereals, in two seeding ratios (55:45 and 65:35), were used to investigate Forage Yield and quality as well as the effect of intercropping on growth rate of the three species used in the mixtures. Oat and triticale monocultures as well as both common vetch–oat mixtures provided greater Forage Yield than mixtures of common vetch with triticale and monoculture common vetch. Total relative Yield exceeded unity in common vetch–oat (65:35) indicating that at this seeding rate there was an advantage of intercropping in using the environmental resources. Growth rate of common vetch, oat, and triticale in mixtures was lower than that in monocultures. Crude protein content was highest in monoculture common vetch followed by common vetch–oat (65:35). However, quality characteristics such as lignin content, neutral detergent fiber, total digestible nutrients and to a much smaller degree the acid detergent fiber, digestible dry matter, dry matter intake and relative feed value were affected by intercropping. Highest Forage quality was achieved when common vetch was grown as a monoculture or when at a high proportion in mixtures, especially with oat. The results showed that mixture of common vetch with oat at the 65:35 seeding ratio achieved a higher Forage Yield and protein content than the other mixtures studied. # 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Aghafakhr Mirlohi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Application of half-sib mating for genetic analysis of Forage Yield and related traits in Bromus inermis
Euphytica, 2013Co-Authors: Bahram Araghi, Mohammad Barati, Mohammad Mahdi Majidi, Aghafakhr MirlohiAbstract:Despite efforts made, Forage Yield of smooth bromegrass has increased slowly over the last 50 years of breeding. It therefore seems necessary to investigate more on the genetic basis of agro-morphological traits in this cool-season, highly drought resistant grass. The present study was aimed at estimation of total genetic variance, narrow-sense heritability, general combining ability, phenotypic and genotypic correlation among different quantitative traits in half-sib (HS) families derived from polycross of 25 smooth bromegrass genotypes that were mainly originated from Iran. Families differed significantly for all of the agro-morphological and quality traits measured. Narrow sense heritability (\({\text{h}}_{\text{n}}^{2}\)) ranged from about 0.2 (plant height) to 0.7 (day to inflorescence emergence and day to anthesis). Moderate to high heritability for Forage dry matter Yield (0.42) indicates that phenotypic selection for this trait can be successful. A wide range of general combining ability was observed for most of the studied traits, especially those related to Forage Yield. Relatively low genetic variation and heritability for crude protein and also negative correlation of this trait with Forage Yield, indicates a low probability of improving Forage Yield and quality simultaneously.
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genotypic variation and selection of traits related to Forage Yield in tall fescue under irrigated and drought stress environments
Grass and Forage Science, 2013Co-Authors: M Ebrahimiyan, Mohammad Mahdi Majidi, Aghafakhr MirlohiAbstract:Development of a standard evaluation protocol has been a pressing problem for the selection of drought-resistant genotypes of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). This study was conducted to evaluate the association of Forage Yield with specific phenological and morphological traits to find a proper model for indirect selection under irrigated (normal) and drought-stress conditions in tall fescue. A random sample of seventy-five genotypes were clonally propagated and evaluated in normal and drought-stress environments in the field during 2009 and 2010. Results showed that water stress had a negative effect on Forage Yield and most of the morphological traits measured and reduced genotypic variation for most of them. Forage Yield had the highest genotypic variation, whereas days to pollination had the lowest variation. Low broad-sense heritability estimates were obtained for dry-matter Yield, but heritability for the traits of number of stems per plant, plant height and crown diameter was moderately high. These traits were identified as the main components of Forage Yield. The importance of these components and their direct and indirect effects on Forage Yield was different in normal and drought-stress conditions. This suggests that indirect selection for developing high-Yielding, drought-tolerant varieties should be performed under drought-stress conditions with a specific model.
A S Lithourgidis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Forage Yield and quality of barley-annual medic intercrops in semi-arid environments
International Journal of Plant Production, 2014Co-Authors: Amir Sadeghpour, Emad Jahanzad, A S Lithourgidis, Masoud Hashemi, Abolghasem Esmaeili, Mostafa HosseiniAbstract:On-farm production of protein is limited in most dairy farm operations in arid and semi-arid environments. Cereal-legume intercropping could be a viable option to obtain Forage with higher protein content. A two-year experiment was conducted during 2009 and 2010 growing seasons in a loamy soil to determine whether intercropping pattern of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and annual medic (Medicago scutellata L.) could increase Forage quality while producing sufficient amount of Forage Yield. The results showed that when number of rows in 50:50 replacement intercropping decreased from six rows of barley and six rows of medic (6B:6M) (strip intercropping) to 4B:4M, 2B:2M and 1B:1M, barley Forage Yield increased by 9, 18 and 24% due to a wavy canopy created by 1B:1M and 2B:2M cropping ratios. Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) was highest (1.19) when barley was intercropped with annual medic in 1B:1M arrangement indicating that 19% more area would be required by a sole cropping system to Yield similar of intercropping system. The highest protein Yield was also obtained from 1B:1M ratio. Pure stand of annual medic had the highest Crude Protein (CP) content (310.7 g kg -1 of DM) whereas sole cropping of barley had the highest Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) and Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF). When both Forage Yield and quality was considered, the intercropping of barley and medic with 1B:1M ratio was superior to any other ratios and can be recommended to farmers as an alternative to barley alone.
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Forage Yield growth rate and nitrogen uptake of faba bean intercrops with wheat barley and rye in three seeding ratios
Crop Science, 2010Co-Authors: A S Lithourgidis, Christos DordasAbstract:Annual cool-season grain legumes like faba bean (Vicia faba L.) grown in mixtures with winter cereals such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), or rye (Secale cereale L.) may offer advantages over cereal-alone crops grown for Forage production. A 2-yr field study was conducted to evaluate the effects of intercropping faba bean with each of the above cereals in three seeding ratios (i.e., 75:25, 50:50, and 75:25) on growth rate, plant height, chlorophyll content, Forage Yield, and N uptake. Growth rate of faba bean and cereals was lower in the mixtures than in the monocultures, especially in the faba bean-barley mixtures because of the strong competitive ability of barley. Chlorophyll content was lower in faba bean compared with the cereals, and there was no difference among seeding ratios. Plant height of faba bean was higher in the intercrops compared with its monocrop at 3 wk after tillering (WAT), whereas at 6 WAT, the trend was different since faba bean plants in the monocrop were higher than in the intercrops. Rye monocrop and rye-faba bean intercrops provided the greatest Forage Yield. Although the three intercrops of faba bean with rye had lower crude protein (CP) content than the faba bean monocrop, they provided the highest CP Yields per hectare because of their higher Forage Yield than the faba bean monocrop.
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Forage Yield and quality of common vetch mixtures with oat and triticale in two seeding ratios
Field Crops Research, 2006Co-Authors: A S Lithourgidis, Ioannis Vasilakoglou, Kico Dhima, Christos Dordas, M D YiakoulakiAbstract:Mixtures of annual Forage legumes with winter cereals for Forage production are used extensively in the Mediterranean region. Common vetch (Vicia sativa L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), and triticale (� Triticosecale Wittmack) monocultures as well as mixtures of common vetch with each of the above cereals, in two seeding ratios (55:45 and 65:35), were used to investigate Forage Yield and quality as well as the effect of intercropping on growth rate of the three species used in the mixtures. Oat and triticale monocultures as well as both common vetch–oat mixtures provided greater Forage Yield than mixtures of common vetch with triticale and monoculture common vetch. Total relative Yield exceeded unity in common vetch–oat (65:35) indicating that at this seeding rate there was an advantage of intercropping in using the environmental resources. Growth rate of common vetch, oat, and triticale in mixtures was lower than that in monocultures. Crude protein content was highest in monoculture common vetch followed by common vetch–oat (65:35). However, quality characteristics such as lignin content, neutral detergent fiber, total digestible nutrients and to a much smaller degree the acid detergent fiber, digestible dry matter, dry matter intake and relative feed value were affected by intercropping. Highest Forage quality was achieved when common vetch was grown as a monoculture or when at a high proportion in mixtures, especially with oat. The results showed that mixture of common vetch with oat at the 65:35 seeding ratio achieved a higher Forage Yield and protein content than the other mixtures studied. # 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
M Ebrahimiyan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genotypic variation and selection of traits related to Forage Yield in tall fescue under irrigated and drought stress environments
Grass and Forage Science, 2013Co-Authors: M Ebrahimiyan, Mohammad Mahdi Majidi, Aghafakhr MirlohiAbstract:Development of a standard evaluation protocol has been a pressing problem for the selection of drought-resistant genotypes of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea). This study was conducted to evaluate the association of Forage Yield with specific phenological and morphological traits to find a proper model for indirect selection under irrigated (normal) and drought-stress conditions in tall fescue. A random sample of seventy-five genotypes were clonally propagated and evaluated in normal and drought-stress environments in the field during 2009 and 2010. Results showed that water stress had a negative effect on Forage Yield and most of the morphological traits measured and reduced genotypic variation for most of them. Forage Yield had the highest genotypic variation, whereas days to pollination had the lowest variation. Low broad-sense heritability estimates were obtained for dry-matter Yield, but heritability for the traits of number of stems per plant, plant height and crown diameter was moderately high. These traits were identified as the main components of Forage Yield. The importance of these components and their direct and indirect effects on Forage Yield was different in normal and drought-stress conditions. This suggests that indirect selection for developing high-Yielding, drought-tolerant varieties should be performed under drought-stress conditions with a specific model.