The Experts below are selected from a list of 163317 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Signe Kjelstrup - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the driving Force Distribution for minimum lost work in a chemical reactor close to and far from equilibrium 2 oxidation of so2
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 1999Co-Authors: Signe Kjelstrup, Trond Vegard IslandAbstract:Our mathematical procedure for the determination of the driving Force Distribution in a chemical reactor that has minimum entropy production for a given production rate is applied to the oxidation of SO2 to SO3. The Force of reaction that gives the minimum total entropy production is much more constant through the reactor than is a Force taken from a standard textbook example. The entropy production has a peak at the entrance of the reactor. The inverse temperature plot shows that the optimal Force is nearly at equal distance from the equilibrium line in the end of the reactor. Two practical ways that do not include changes in the apparatus are suggested to minimize the actual entropy production of the reactor. Reductions of 5% and 21% are obtained. The ideal result suggests that there is room for further improvements, especially if the apparatus is changed.
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the driving Force Distribution for minimum lost work in chemical reactors close to and far from equilibrium 1 theory
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 1999Co-Authors: Signe Kjelstrup, Erik Sauar, Dick Bedeaux, H Van Der KooiAbstract:We present a mathematical procedure for the determination of the driving Force Distribution in a chemical reactor that has minimum lost work for a given production rate. It is shown how the path of minimum lost work is determined from knowlegde of reaction kinetics, using the reaction A → B as an example. The normal chemical reaction has a nonlinear relation between the rate, r, and the driving Force, −A/T, where A is the affinity and T is the absolute temperature. Minimum lost work is obtained when A/T + r d(A/T)/dr is constant. This criterion is converted into a more practical criterion for the operating temperature along the reactor. The inverse operating temperature should be parallel to the inverse equilibrium temperature, when the enthalpy of reaction is constant.
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the driving Force Distribution for minimum lost work in a chemical reactor far from equilibrium oxidation of so2
Computers & Chemical Engineering, 1999Co-Authors: Signe Kjelstrup, Trond Vegard IslandAbstract:Abstract A mathematical procedure for determination of the driving Force Distribution in a chemical reactor, that gives minimum entropy production for a given production rate, is applied to oxidation of SO 2 . The solution for the Force is calculated from known reaction kinetics, and compared to the actual Force. A large difference is found. Two practical ways that do not include changes the apparatus, are suggested, for moving the process towards minimum entropy production. Reductions of 5 and 21 in lost work %, and an increased production of SO 3 are obtained. The ideal results suggest that there is room for further improvements, especially if the apparatus is changed.
Trond Vegard Island - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the driving Force Distribution for minimum lost work in a chemical reactor close to and far from equilibrium 2 oxidation of so2
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 1999Co-Authors: Signe Kjelstrup, Trond Vegard IslandAbstract:Our mathematical procedure for the determination of the driving Force Distribution in a chemical reactor that has minimum entropy production for a given production rate is applied to the oxidation of SO2 to SO3. The Force of reaction that gives the minimum total entropy production is much more constant through the reactor than is a Force taken from a standard textbook example. The entropy production has a peak at the entrance of the reactor. The inverse temperature plot shows that the optimal Force is nearly at equal distance from the equilibrium line in the end of the reactor. Two practical ways that do not include changes in the apparatus are suggested to minimize the actual entropy production of the reactor. Reductions of 5% and 21% are obtained. The ideal result suggests that there is room for further improvements, especially if the apparatus is changed.
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the driving Force Distribution for minimum lost work in a chemical reactor far from equilibrium oxidation of so2
Computers & Chemical Engineering, 1999Co-Authors: Signe Kjelstrup, Trond Vegard IslandAbstract:Abstract A mathematical procedure for determination of the driving Force Distribution in a chemical reactor, that gives minimum entropy production for a given production rate, is applied to oxidation of SO 2 . The solution for the Force is calculated from known reaction kinetics, and compared to the actual Force. A large difference is found. Two practical ways that do not include changes the apparatus, are suggested, for moving the process towards minimum entropy production. Reductions of 5 and 21 in lost work %, and an increased production of SO 3 are obtained. The ideal results suggest that there is room for further improvements, especially if the apparatus is changed.
Hiroshi Fujimoto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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driving Force Distribution and control for ev with four in wheel motors a case study of acceleration on split friction surfaces
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2017Co-Authors: Yafei Wang, Hiroshi Fujimoto, Shinji HaraAbstract:Motion stabilization for electric vehicles with four in-wheel motors has been extensively studied in recent years. While most of the previous works have tended to focus on the development of optimization algorithms for driving Force Distribution, this paper considers a global–local control scheme: the global controller coordinates wheel and vehicle motions to generate reference driving Forces and the local controller further controls the generated Force commands. Specifically, two approaches with different global control concepts are proposed. The first approach considers the redesign of weighting factors for a conventional driving Force optimization algorithm, and based on the first method, the second approach formulates the objective function and equality constraints in a two degree-of-freedom control framework. As an example, vehicle start off on an instantaneous split-friction road is employed to verify the proposed methods in both simulations and experiments.
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stability analysis of tire Force Distribution for multi actuator electric vehicles using generalized frequency variable
International Conference on Control Applications, 2016Co-Authors: Binh Minh Nguyen, Shinji Hara, Hiroshi FujimotoAbstract:Tire Force Distribution is an important topic in motion control of electric vehicles. For years, many researchers have focused on optimal Distribution by minimizing a certain cost function. However, no effort has been paid to the stability analysis of tire Force Distribution theoretically. Let the actuators (in-wheel-motors and steering motors) be the local agents, the electric vehicle can be seen as a special type of multi-agent system. The agents are not decoupled but they physically interact with each other via the vehicle body. As the increasing of the actuator number, stability analysis becomes more and more complex. By modeling the EV system with generalized frequency variable, we propose a systematic scheme that can considerably reduce the burden of stability analysis for tire Force Distribution.
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glocal motion control system of in wheel motor electric vehicles based on driving Force Distribution
2016 SICE International Symposium on Control Systems (ISCS), 2016Co-Authors: Binh Minh Nguyen, Hiroshi Fujimoto, Shinji HaraAbstract:Utilizing the glocal control concept, this paper presents a novel framework of in-wheel-motor electric vehicle motion control based on driving Force Distribution. Considering each wheel as a local agent, this paper proposes an appropriate model of driving Force dynamics as linear time-varying inter-connected system. Moreover, this paper introduces a new hierarchical structure to attain multi-objectives of motion control. Last but not least, a new hierarchical LQR controller is proposed for driving Force tracking. The effectiveness of the proposed system is verified through a simulation of motion control of electric vehicle driven by four in-wheel-motors.
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four wheel driving Force Distribution method for instantaneous or split slippery roads for electric vehicle
Automatika: Journal for Control Measurement Electronics Computing and Communications, 2013Co-Authors: Kenta Maeda, Hiroshi Fujimoto, Yoichi HoriAbstract:In this paper, a four-wheel driving Force Distribution method based on driving Force control is proposed. Driving Force control is a traction control method, previously proposed by the authors' research group, which generate appropriate driving Force based on the acceleration pedal. However, this control method can not completely prevent reduction of driving Force when a vehicle runs on an extremely slippery road. If the length of a slippery surface is shorter than the vehicle's wheel base, the total driving Force is retained by distributing the shortage of driving Force to the wheels that still have traction. On the other hand, when either the left or right side runs on a slippery surface, yaw-moment is suppressed by setting total driving Forces of left and right wheels to be the same. Therefore, four-wheel driving Force Distribution method is proposed for retaining driving Force on instantaneous slippery roads, and suppressing yaw-moment on split ones. The effectiveness of the proposed Distribution method is verified by simulations and experiments.
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range extension control system for electric vehicle based on searching algorithm of optimal front and rear driving Force Distribution
Conference of the Industrial Electronics Society, 2012Co-Authors: Hiroshi Fujimoto, Sho Egami, Jun Saito, Kazunori HandaAbstract:Electric vehicles have a disadvantage in that the cruising distance per charge is short. This paper proposes a range extension control system based on a searching algorithm of front and rear driving Force Distribution with total efficiency optimization. The proposed method maximizes the total efficiency considering the slip ratio and the losses in the motors and inverters. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experiments using a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. The mileage per charge can be extended by 18% by using the proposed method in a constant-speed test.
Jon J.p. Warner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in situ Force Distribution in the glenohumeral joint capsule during anterior posterior loading
Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 1999Co-Authors: Richard E. Debski, Eric K. Wong, Masataka Sakane, Freddie H Fu, Jon J.p. WarnerAbstract:Our objective was to examine the function of the glenohumeral capsule and ligaments during application of an anterior-posterior load by directly measuring the in situ Force Distribution in these structures as well as the compliance of the joint. We hypothesized that interaction between different regions of the capsule due to its continuous nature results in a complex Force Distribution throughout the glenohumeral joint capsule. A robotic/universal Force-moment sensor testing system was utilized to determine the Force Distribution in the glenohumeral capsule and ligaments of intact shoulder specimens and the joint kinematics resulting from the application of external loads at four abduction angles. Our results suggest that the glenohumeral capsule carries no Force when the humeral head is centered in the glenoid with the humerus in anatomic rotation. However, once an anterior-posterior load is applied to the joint, the glenohumeral ligaments carry Force (during anterior loading, the superior glenohumeral-coracohumeral ligaments carried 26 ± 16 N at 0° and the anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament carried 30 ± 21 N at 90°). Therefore, the patient's ability to use the arm with the humerus in anatomic rotation should not be limited following repair procedures for shoulder instability because the repaired capsuloligamentous structures should not carry Force during this motion. Separation of the capsule into its components revealed that Forces are being transmitted between each region and that the glenohumeral ligaments do not act as traditional ligaments that carry a pure tensile Force along their length. The interrelationship of the glenohumeral ligaments forms the biomechanical basis for the capsular shift procedure. The compliance of the joint under our loading conditions indicates that the passive properties of the capsule provide little resistance to motion of the humerus during 10 mm of anterior or posterior translation with anatomic humeral rotation. Finally, this knowledge also enchances the understanding of arm positioning relative to the portion of the glenohumeral capsule that limits translation during examination under anesthesia.
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in situ Force Distribution in the glenohumeral joint capsule during anterior posterior loading
Journal of Orthopaedic Research, 1999Co-Authors: Richard E. Debski, Eric K. Wong, Masataka Sakane, Savio L C Woo, Jon J.p. WarnerAbstract:Our objective was to examine the function of the glenohumeral capsule and ligaments during application of an anterior-posterior load by directly measuring the in situ Force Distribution in these structures as well as the compliance of the joint. We hypothesized that interaction between different regions of the capsule due to its continuous nature results in a complex Force Distribution throughout the glenohumeral joint capsule. A robotic/universal Force-moment sensor testing system was utilized to determine the Force Distribution in the glenohumeral capsule and ligaments of intact shoulder specimens and the joint kinematics resulting from the application of external loads at four abduction angles. Our results suggest that the glenohumeral capsule carries no Force when the humeral head is centered in the glenoid with the humerus in anatomic rotation. However, once an anterior-posterior load is applied to the joint, the glenohumeral ligaments carry Force (during anterior loading, the superior glenohumeral-coracohumeral ligaments carried 26+/-16 N at 0 degrees and the anterior band of the inferior glenohumeral ligament carried 30+/-21 N at 90 degrees). Therefore, the patient's ability to use the arm with the humerus in anatomic rotation should not be limited following repair procedures for shoulder instability because the repaired capsuloligamentous structures should not carry Force during this motion. Separation of the capsule into its components revealed that Forces are being transmitted between each region and that the glenohumeral ligaments do not act as traditional ligaments that carry a pure tensile Force along their length. The interrelationship of the glenohumeral ligaments forms the biomechanical basis for the capsular shift procedure. The compliance of the joint under our loading conditions indicates that the passive properties of the capsule provide little resistance to motion of the humerus during 10 mm of anterior or posterior translation with anatomic humeral rotation. Finally, this knowledge also enhances the understanding of arm positioning relative to the portion of the glenohumeral capsule that limits translation during examination under anesthesia.
H Van Der Kooi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the driving Force Distribution for minimum lost work in chemical reactors close to and far from equilibrium 1 theory
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 1999Co-Authors: Signe Kjelstrup, Erik Sauar, Dick Bedeaux, H Van Der KooiAbstract:We present a mathematical procedure for the determination of the driving Force Distribution in a chemical reactor that has minimum lost work for a given production rate. It is shown how the path of minimum lost work is determined from knowlegde of reaction kinetics, using the reaction A → B as an example. The normal chemical reaction has a nonlinear relation between the rate, r, and the driving Force, −A/T, where A is the affinity and T is the absolute temperature. Minimum lost work is obtained when A/T + r d(A/T)/dr is constant. This criterion is converted into a more practical criterion for the operating temperature along the reactor. The inverse operating temperature should be parallel to the inverse equilibrium temperature, when the enthalpy of reaction is constant.
