The Experts below are selected from a list of 228999 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jeffrey J Mcdonnell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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retraction note global analysis of streamflow response to Forest Management
2020Co-Authors: Jaivime Evaristo, Jeffrey J McdonnellAbstract:Predicting the responses of streamflow to changes in Forest Management is fundamental to the sustainable regulation of water resources. However, studies of changes in Forest cover have yielded unclear and largely unpredictable results. Here we compile a comprehensive and spatially distributed database of Forest-Management studies worldwide, to assess the factors that control streamflow response to Forest planting and removal. We introduce a vegetation-to-bedrock model that includes seven key landscape factors in order to explain the impacts of Forest removal and planting on water yield. We show that the amount of water stored in a landscape is the most important factor in predicting streamflow response to Forest removal, whereas the loss of water through evaporation and transpiration is the most important factor in predicting streamflow response to Forest planting. Our findings affect model parameterizations in climate change mitigation schemes (involving, for example, afForestation or deForestation) in different geologic and climate regions around the world, and inform practices for the sustainable Management of water resources.
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global analysis of streamflow response to Forest Management
2019Co-Authors: Jaivime Evaristo, Jeffrey J McdonnellAbstract:Predicting the responses of streamflow to changes in Forest Management is fundamental to the sustainable regulation of water resources. However, studies of changes in Forest cover have yielded unclear and largely unpredictable results. Here we compile a comprehensive and spatially distributed database of Forest-Management studies worldwide, to assess the factors that control streamflow response to Forest planting and removal. We introduce a vegetation-to-bedrock model that includes seven key landscape factors in order to explain the impacts of Forest removal and planting on water yield. We show that the amount of water stored in a landscape is the most important factor in predicting streamflow response to Forest removal, whereas the loss of water through evaporation and transpiration is the most important factor in predicting streamflow response to Forest planting. Our findings affect model parameterizations in climate change mitigation schemes (involving, for example, afForestation or deForestation) in different geologic and climate regions around the world, and inform practices for the sustainable Management of water resources. Analysis of Forest-Management studies finds that Forest removal is more likely to increase streamflow in areas with greater water storage between the surface and bedrock, and that Forest planting is more likely to decrease streamflow in drier climates.
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global analysis of streamflow response to Forest Management
2019Co-Authors: Jaivime Evaristo, Jeffrey J McdonnellAbstract:Predicting the responses of streamflow to changes in Forest Management is fundamental to the sustainable regulation of water resources. However, studies of changes in Forest cover have yielded unclear and largely unpredictable results. Here we compile a comprehensive and spatially distributed database of Forest-Management studies worldwide, to assess the factors that control streamflow response to Forest planting and removal. We introduce a vegetation-to-bedrock model that includes seven key landscape factors in order to explain the impacts of Forest removal and planting on water yield. We show that the amount of water stored in a landscape is the most important factor in predicting streamflow response to Forest removal, whereas the loss of water through evaporation and transpiration is the most important factor in predicting streamflow response to Forest planting. Our findings affect model parameterizations in climate change mitigation schemes (involving, for example, afForestation or deForestation) in different geologic and climate regions around the world, and inform practices for the sustainable Management of water resources.
Linli An - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Forest insect pest Management and Forest Management in china an overview
2011Co-Authors: Lanzhu Ji, Zhen Wang, Xiaowei Wang, Linli AnAbstract:According to the Seventh National Forest Inventory (2004–2008), China’s Forests cover an area of 195.45 million ha, or 20.36% of the total land area. China has the most rapidly increasing Forest resources in the world. However, China is also a country with serious Forest pest problems. There are more than 8,000 species of potential Forest pests in China, including insects, plant diseases, rodents and lagomorphs, and hazardous plants. Among them, 300 species are considered as economically or ecologically important, and half of these are serious pests, including 86 species of insects. Forest Management and utilization have a considerable influence on the stability and sustainability of Forest ecosystems. At the national level, Forestry policies always play a major role in Forest resource Management and Forest health protection. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of both achievements and challenges in Forest Management and insect pest control in China. First, we summarize the current status of Forest resources and their pests in China. Second, we address the theories, policies, practices and major national actions on Forestry and Forest insect pest Management, including the Engineering Pest Management of China, the National Key Forestry Programs, the Classified Forest Management system, and the Collective Forest Tenure Reform. We analyze and discuss three representative plantations—Eucalyptus, poplar and Masson pine plantations—with respect to their insect diversity, pest problems and pest Management measures.
Thorsten Treue - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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democratic decentralization in sub saharan africa its contribution to Forest Management livelihoods and enfranchisement
2010Co-Authors: Jesse C Ribot, Jens Friis Lund, Thorsten TreueAbstract:Efforts to promote popular participation in Forest Management in Sub-Saharan Africa have faced many obstacles and disappointments. Although promises of improvements in relation to Forest Management, rural livelihoods and local enfranchisement have been achieved in some cases, accounts of frustration outnumber those of success. Focusing on participation through democratic decentralization (namely the transfer of meaningful discretionary powers to local representative authorities), this paper reviews recent empirical studies on the outcomes of popular participation in Forest Management. The implementation of decentralization of Forest Management, and ecological, livelihood and democracy outcomes are examined, and misconceptions in analyses of decentralized Forestry are explored. The expected benefits of democratic decentralization within Forestry are rarely realized because democratic decentralization is rarely established. In most cases, local authorities do not represent the local population or their space of discretion is so narrow that they have little effect on Management. There is little official local Management taking place, even under so-called decentralized or participatory Management arrangements. If ever significant space for local discretion under democratic authorities is created, researchers will have the opportunity to study whether democratic decentralization can deliver the theoretically promised positive outcomes. Nevertheless, some cases shed light on effects of local decision making. Three general observations are made on effects of decentralization. First, environmental, livelihood and democracy objectives are not always mutually reinforcing, and under some circumstances they may be at odds. Second, environmental effects of improved Forest Management often result in benefits accruing to distant or higher-scale aggregate populations, while local communities carry the costs. Third, poor peoples' use of natural resources to maintain their livelihoods often conflicts with profit and revenue interests of local elites, national commercial interests and governments. A negotiated minimum social and environmental standards approach to decentralization of Forest Management may safeguard essential ecological functions and at the same time protect essential livelihood and economic values of Forests at all scales of society. The remainder of decisions, such as how Forests are used, by whom and for what, could then be safely placed at the discretion of responsive local representatives.
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are we getting there evidence of decentralized Forest Management from the tanzanian miombo woodlands
2008Co-Authors: Jens Friis Lund, Thorsten TreueAbstract:Summary Based on a village study in Tanzania, the effects of decentralized Forest Management on Forest conservation, rural livelihoods and good governance are evaluated. Tree growth is estimated to exceed harvest, and Forest utilization appears effectively controlled. Forest revenues cover the costs of Management and finance local public services, but the underlying taxes and regulations have made the poorest worse off. Governance outcomes are also ambiguous. Revenues are administered transparently, but village leaders are coercive toward Forest dependent minorities. The case provides a rare example of how decentralized Forest Management works in Africa when meaningful powers are devolved to local communities.
Jeremy S Brooks - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of national Forest Management regimes on unprotected Forests of the himalaya
2017Co-Authors: Jodi S Brandt, Teri D Allendorf, Volker C Radeloff, Jeremy S BrooksAbstract:Globally, deForestation continues, and although protected areas effectively protect Forests, the majority of Forests are not in protected areas. Thus, how effective are different Management regimes to avoid deForestation in non-protected Forests? We sought to assess the effectiveness of different national Forest-Management regimes to safeguard Forests outside protected areas. We compared 2000–2014 deForestation rates across the temperate Forests of 5 countries in the Himalaya (Bhutan, Nepal, China, India, and Myanmar) of which 13% are protected. We reviewed the literature to characterize Forest Management regimes in each country and conducted a quasi-experimental analysis to measure differences in deForestation of unprotected Forests among countries and states in India. Countries varied in both overarching Forest-Management goals and specific tenure arrangements and policies for unprotected Forests, from policies emphasizing economic development to those focused on Forest conservation. DeForestation rates differed up to 1.4% between countries, even after accounting for local determinants of deForestation, such as human population density, market access, and topography. The highest deForestation rates were associated with Forest policies aimed at maximizing profits and unstable tenure regimes. DeForestation in national Forest-Management regimes that emphasized conservation and community Management were relatively low. In India results were consistent with the national-level results. We interpreted our results in the context of the broader literature on decentralized, community-based natural resource Management, and our findings emphasize that the type and quality of community-based Forestry programs and the degree to which they are oriented toward sustainable use rather than economic development are important for Forest protection. Our cross-national results are consistent with results from site- and regional-scale studies that show Forest-Management regimes that ensure stable land tenure and integrate local-livelihood benefits with Forest conservation result in the best Forest outcomes.
Lanzhu Ji - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Forest insect pest Management and Forest Management in china an overview
2011Co-Authors: Lanzhu Ji, Zhen Wang, Xiaowei Wang, Linli AnAbstract:According to the Seventh National Forest Inventory (2004–2008), China’s Forests cover an area of 195.45 million ha, or 20.36% of the total land area. China has the most rapidly increasing Forest resources in the world. However, China is also a country with serious Forest pest problems. There are more than 8,000 species of potential Forest pests in China, including insects, plant diseases, rodents and lagomorphs, and hazardous plants. Among them, 300 species are considered as economically or ecologically important, and half of these are serious pests, including 86 species of insects. Forest Management and utilization have a considerable influence on the stability and sustainability of Forest ecosystems. At the national level, Forestry policies always play a major role in Forest resource Management and Forest health protection. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of both achievements and challenges in Forest Management and insect pest control in China. First, we summarize the current status of Forest resources and their pests in China. Second, we address the theories, policies, practices and major national actions on Forestry and Forest insect pest Management, including the Engineering Pest Management of China, the National Key Forestry Programs, the Classified Forest Management system, and the Collective Forest Tenure Reform. We analyze and discuss three representative plantations—Eucalyptus, poplar and Masson pine plantations—with respect to their insect diversity, pest problems and pest Management measures.
