The Experts below are selected from a list of 444459 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Cecil C Konijnendijk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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defining urban Forestry a comparative perspective of north america and europe
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2006Co-Authors: Cecil C Konijnendijk, Robert M Ricard, Andy Kenney, Thomas B RandrupAbstract:Abstract Urban Forestry is generally defined as the art, science and technology of managing trees and forest resources in and around urban community ecosystems for the physiological, sociological, economic, and aesthetic benefits trees provide society. First mentioned in the United States as early as in 1894, the concept underwent a revival during the 1960s as a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to the specific challenges related to growing trees in urban environments. Later, urban Forestry evoked the interest of scientists and practitioners in other parts of the world. However, harmonization of urban Forestry terminology has been complicated by, for example, the involvement of different disciplines and translation difficulties. In many European languages, for example, the direct translation of ‘urban Forestry’ relates more to forest ecosystems than to street and park trees. Efforts in North America and Europe defining ‘urban forest’, ‘urban Forestry’ and related terms are introduced. A comparative analysis of selected urban Forestry terminology in both parts of the world shows that urban Forestry has a longer history in North America, based on traditions of shade tree management. Moreover, urban Forestry has become more institutionalized in North America. Urban Forestry in Europe has built strongly on a century-long tradition of ‘town Forestry’. In both parts of the world, definitions of urban Forestry and urban forest have become more comprehensive, including all tree stands and individual trees in and around urban areas. Agreement also exists on the multifunctional and multidisciplinary character of urban Forestry. These similarities offer opportunities for international harmonization of terminology.
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a decade of urban Forestry in europe
Forest Policy and Economics, 2003Co-Authors: Cecil C KonijnendijkAbstract:Abstract Major changes in society have led to a call for structural changes in Forestry, also in Europe. Urbanisation as one of the major driving forces has had a clear impact on European Forestry. One of the new approaches emerging in response is the concept of urban Forestry. It was developed in North America during the 1960s as innovative approach to managing natural resources in urban environments. Aimed at the integrated planning and management of all tree-based resources in cities and towns, the concept found broad support in North America after initial resistance from both foresters and urban green professionals. Similar resistance was met in Europe, and here it took until the early 1990s before the concept of urban Forestry found broader acceptance and support. Since then, a European urban Forestry research community has emerged, as have policies, programmes and higher education incorporating elements of urban Forestry. Urban forest resources in Europe might be small in relative terms compared to other natural resources. They do, however, cover millions of hectares of land and provide multiple, highly demanded goods and services. Forestry can benefit from urban Forestry experiences and innovations, for example in terms of better meeting the expectations and demands of urban society. Urban Forestry, on the other hand, is firmly rooted in some of the basic concepts of traditional Forestry, such as sustained yield. Review of a decade of urban Forestry in Europe shows that strong links should be maintained for the benefit of both.
Thomas B Randrup - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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defining urban Forestry a comparative perspective of north america and europe
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2006Co-Authors: Cecil C Konijnendijk, Robert M Ricard, Andy Kenney, Thomas B RandrupAbstract:Abstract Urban Forestry is generally defined as the art, science and technology of managing trees and forest resources in and around urban community ecosystems for the physiological, sociological, economic, and aesthetic benefits trees provide society. First mentioned in the United States as early as in 1894, the concept underwent a revival during the 1960s as a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to the specific challenges related to growing trees in urban environments. Later, urban Forestry evoked the interest of scientists and practitioners in other parts of the world. However, harmonization of urban Forestry terminology has been complicated by, for example, the involvement of different disciplines and translation difficulties. In many European languages, for example, the direct translation of ‘urban Forestry’ relates more to forest ecosystems than to street and park trees. Efforts in North America and Europe defining ‘urban forest’, ‘urban Forestry’ and related terms are introduced. A comparative analysis of selected urban Forestry terminology in both parts of the world shows that urban Forestry has a longer history in North America, based on traditions of shade tree management. Moreover, urban Forestry has become more institutionalized in North America. Urban Forestry in Europe has built strongly on a century-long tradition of ‘town Forestry’. In both parts of the world, definitions of urban Forestry and urban forest have become more comprehensive, including all tree stands and individual trees in and around urban areas. Agreement also exists on the multifunctional and multidisciplinary character of urban Forestry. These similarities offer opportunities for international harmonization of terminology.
Guofan Shao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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roles of digital technology in china s sustainable Forestry development
International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology, 2009Co-Authors: Lina Tang, Guofan ShaoAbstract:China has the fifth largest forest area in the world and any change in China’s Forestry development will have inevitable impacts on global ecological sustainability. China has undergone excessive logging of natural forests and also made tremendous efforts in afforestation during the past half century. China’s Forestry is now going through a variety of transitions and several Forestry programs have been implemented to drive Forestry transitions. The goal of these actions is to protect ecological services of forests and sustain China’s Forestry development. These Forestry programs are spatially sophisticated and cannot be successfully implemented without accurate and transparent forest/Forestry information. A variety of digital technologies, including forest modeling, remote sensing, geographic information systems, global positioning systems, and visualization, have been applied in handling diverse information in China’s Forestry. Digital Forestry is not just a theoretical concept in China. Our digital Forestry experience in northeast China suggests that digital technology is both usable and useful in China’s Forestry development. Digital technology is playing an important interactive role in China’s top-down Forestry administration system. The analog-todigital transition in technology is expected to lead to the success of Forestry programs and Forestry transitions in China.
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Digital Forestry research in China
Science China-technological Sciences, 2006Co-Authors: Tang Shouzheng, Guofan Shao, Tang Lina, Dai Li-minAbstract:Digital Forestry as a concept was developed after the Digital Earth program. The Chinese scientists were not only among the pioneers who first proposed the concept of Digital Forestry, but also contributed a lot to the development of Digital Forestry. Digital Forestry is a digital framework to maintain forest planting, management, using, and protect. The synergetic use of computationally-intensive quantitative methods together with information technologies is the most important foundation for the development of Digital Forestry. Under this situation, the experience of Digital Forestry development in China is relatively rich. A number of academicians, scholars, and professional administrators were involved in discussing the Digital Forestry Construction Scheme. The Project of Digital Forestry Practicability approved by the State Forestry Administration is a major instance in developing Digital Forestry standard and key techniques. By introducing a case study of Digital Forestry, this paper reviews the concept of Digital Forestry, the way turning traditional Forestry into Digital Forestry, and the future development of Digital Forestry.
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Digital Forestry: A white paper
Journal of Forestry, 2005Co-Authors: Guang Zhao, Guofan Shao, Keith M. Reynolds, Michael C. Wimberly, Timothy A. Warner, John W. Moser, Keith Rennolls, Steen Magnussen, Michael Köhl, Hans-erik AndersonAbstract:Digital Forestry has been proposed as “the science, technology, and art of systematically acquiring, integrating, analyzing, and applying digital information to support sustainable forests.” Although rooted in traditional Forestry disciplines, Digital Forestry draws from a host of other fields that, in the past few decades, have become important for implementing the concept of forest ecosystem management and the principle of sustainable Forestry. Digital Forestry is a framework that links all facets of Forestry information at local, national, and global levels through an organized digital network. It is anticipated that a new set of principles will be established when practicing Digital Forestry concept for the evolution of Forestry education, research, and practices as the 21 st century unfolds.
Peveler W - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A SUBMAXIMAL STEP TEST OF AEROBIC CAPACITY OVERESTIMATES PEAK VO2 IN CAREER FIREFIGHTERS
TopSCHOLAR®, 2020Co-Authors: Mangan A, Landon B, Warner R, Hale D, Kollock R, Sanders G, Peveler WAbstract:Andrew Mangan1, Blake Landon1, Ryan Warner1, Davis Hale1, Roger Kollock1, Gabriel Sanders2, Will Peveler3, 1University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma; 2Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, Kentucky; 3Liberty University, Lynchburg, Virginia Many municipalities require their career firefighters maintain an aerobic capacity of ≥42 ml/kg-1/min-1.Assessing aerobic capacity in a laboratory setting is the preferred method. However, feasibility of laboratory testing for large municipal fire departments can be difficult. Submaximal field tests of aerobic capacity may provide fire departments an alternative for testing true peak VO2 in a laboratory setting. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess potential differences in aerobic capacity between a maximal laboratory test anda submaximal field test in career firefighters. METHODS: Following IRB approval, 18career male firefighters(age 35.21±8.38 yrs.) completed both the WFI Stepmill Test(maximal)of aerobic capacity and the Forestry Step Test(submaximal)both on a Stair Master Gauntlet series step ergometer. Each test was administered two weeks apart. The WFI Stepmill Test is a modified ramp stepping protocol that consists of 20 levels of increased step rate with 12 stages of work. Peak VO2during the WFI Stepmill Test was assessed using the using the Cardio Coach metabolic device (Korr Medical). The Forestry Step Test is a submaximal stepping test that is five minutes in duration with a step rate of 22.5 steps/minute. Peak VO2is predicted with the Forestry Step Test by comparing post exercise heart rate to age and body weight norms. RESULTS: Prior to statistical comparisons, data was determined to be from a normal distribution. Results from the paired sample t-test indicate a significant difference between the WiFi VO2and the Foresty Step Test VO2(WiFi: 38.08±6.2ml/kg-1/min-1vs Forestry: 43.83±6.8ml/kg-1/min-1, p= .015). In addition, a post hoc comparison using Cohen’s indicated a large effect size (.882). CONCLUSION: Results of the current study indicate the Forestry Step Test significantly overestimates VO2in career fighters by 5.75 ml/kg-1/min-1. Such submaximal field tests of aerobic capacity should be used with caution when determining the aerobic capacity in career firefighters. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This study was funded by The Oklahoma Center for Advancement of Science and Technology Health Research Grant Program and The University of Tulsa Undergraduate Research Challenge Progra
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A SUBMAXIMAL STEP TEST OF AEROBIC CAPACITY OVERESTIMATES VO2 IN CAREER FIREFIGHTERS
TopSCHOLAR®, 2020Co-Authors: Mangan A, Landon B, Warner R, Hale D, Kollock R, Sanders G, Peveler WAbstract:Andrew Mangan1, Blake Landon1, Ryan Warner1, Davis Hale1, Roger Kollock1, Gabriel Sanders2, Will Peveler3, 1University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma; 2Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, Kentucky; 3Liberty University, Lynchburg, Virginia Due to the average duration of fire suppression activities, 20-45 minutes repeated 2-4 times per event, and short rest interval (5-10 minutes), there is a reliance on both aerobic and anaerobic (glycolytic) sources of energy. Several studies have reported that firefighters experience heart rate (HR) close to maximum values and a rapid onset of blood lactate accumulation. The cardiorespiratory workload at such intensities creates a significant risk for safety. An acute cardiac event (ACE) is a risk factor for firefighters with low levels of aerobic capacity. Many municipalities require their career firefighters maintain an aerobic capacity of ≥42 mL/kg/min, however, few require a true measure of aerobic capacity and instead rely on submaximal predictive values. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the difference between peak VO2and estimated VO2usinga maximal and submaximal step test of aerobic capacity in career firefighters. METHODS: Following IRB approval, 18career male firefighters(age 35.21±8.38 yrs.) completed both the WFI Stepmill Test(maximal)of Aerobic Capacity on a StairMaster Gauntlet series step ergometer and the Forestry Step Test(submaximal). Each test was administered two weeks apart. The difference between the two tests was determined using a paired sample t-test with the significance level set at .05. Prior to data comparisons, a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of normality was performed and determined the data to be from a normal distribution (WFIVO2: p= .20, Forestry VO2: p= .20).RESULTS: Results from the paired sample t-test indicate a significant difference between the WFI VO2and the Foresty Step Test VO2(WFI: 38.08±6.2 vs Forestry: 43.83±6.8, p= .015). In addition, a post hoc comparison using Cohen’s d indicated a large effect size (.882).CONCLUSION: Results of the current study indicate the Forestry Step Test significantly overestimates VO2 in career fighters by 5.75 mL/kg/min. Such tests of aerobic capacity should be used with caution when determining the aerobic capacity in career firefighters. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS: This study was funded by The Oklahoma Center for Advancement of Science and Technology Health Research Grant Program and The University of Tulsa Undergraduate Research Challenge Program
Nancy Lee Peluso - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Empires of Forestry: Professional Forestry and State Power in Southeast Asia, Part 2
Environment and History, 2006Co-Authors: Peter Vandergeest, York Lanes, Nancy Lee PelusoAbstract:This paper examines the origins, spread and practices of professional Forestry in Southeast Asia, focusing on key sites in colonial and post-colonial Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Part 1, in an earlier issue of this journal, challenged popular and scholarly accounts of colonial Forestry as a set of simplifying practices exported from Europe and applied in the European colonies. We showed that professional Forestry empires were constituted under colonialism through local politics that were specific to particular colonies and technically uncolonised regions. Part 2 looks at the influence on Forestry of knowledge and management practices exchanged through professional-scientific networks. We find that while colonial Forestry established some management patterns that were extended after the end of colonialism, it was post-colonial organisations such as the FAO that facilitated the construction of Forestry as a kind of empire after World War Two. In both periods, new hybrid Forestry practices were produced as compromises with the ideal German and FAO Forestry models through interactions with local ecologies, economies and politics. These hybrid practices were incorporated into and helped constitute the two empire Forestry networks
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Empires of Forestry: Professional Forestry and State Power in Southeast Asia, Part 1
Environment and History, 2006Co-Authors: Peter Vandergeest, York Lanes, Nancy Lee PelusoAbstract:This paper examines the origins, spread, and practices of professional Forestry in Southeast Asia, focusing on key sites in colonial and post-colonial Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Part 1 challenges popular and scholarly accounts of colonial Forestry as a set of simplifying practices exported from Europe and applied in the European colonies. We show that professional Forestry empires were constituted under colonialism through local politics that were specific to particular colonies and technically uncolonised regions. Local economic and ecological conditions constrained the forms and practices of colonial Forestry. Professional Forestry became strongly established in some colonies but not others. Part 2, in a forthcoming issue of this journal, will look at the influence on Forestry of knowledge and management practices exchanged through professional-scientific networks. We find that while colonial Forestry established some management patterns that were extended after the end of colonialism, it was post-colonial organisations such as the FAO that facilitated the construction of Forestry as a kind of empire after World War Two. As a sector, Forestry became the biggest landholder in the region only after colonialism had ended.
