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Sumin Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • tvoc and Formaldehyde Emission behaviors from flooring materials bonded with environmental friendly mf pvac hybrid resins
    Indoor Air, 2007
    Co-Authors: Sumin Kim, Jin-a Kim, Hyun-joong Kim, Shin Do Kim, Jin Chul Park
    Abstract:

    UNLABELLED Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) was added as a replacement for melamine-Formaldehyde (MF) resin in the Formaldehyde-based resin system to reduce Formaldehyde and volatile organic compound (VOC) Emissions from the adhesives used between plywoods and fancy veneers. A variety of techniques, including 20-l chamber, field and laboratory Emission cell (FLEC), VOC analyzer and standard Formaldehyde Emission test (desiccator method), were used to determine the Formaldehyde and VOC Emissions from engineered flooring bonded with five different MF resin and PVAc blends at MF/PVAc ratios of 100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70 and 0:100. Although urea-Formaldehyde (UF) resin had the highest Formaldehyde Emission, the Emission as determined by desiccator method was reduced by exchanging with MF resin. Furthermore, the Formaldehyde Emission level was decreased with increasing addition of PVAc as the replacement for MF resin. UF resin in the case of beech was over 5.0 mg/l, which exceeded E2 (1.5-5.0 mg/l) grade. However, MF30:PVAc70 was Formaldehyde Emission is caused by Formaldehyde-based resin, the engineered floorings bonded with PVAc only had Emissions of just 0.25 mg/l. The results of Formaldehyde Emission by the 20-l small-chamber and FLEC methods showed a similar tendency with those from the desiccator method. After the replacement of UF resin by MF resin, PVAc addition further reduced Formaldehyde Emission. With increasing installation time, Formaldehyde Emission factors (EFs) were decreased. Furthermore, the results of the desiccator method correlated with those of the 20-l chamber and FLEC methods. VOC Emission results by 20-l small-chamber and FLEC methods were similar to the Formaldehyde and aldehyde Emission results. VOCs were calculated between C6 and C16 as total VOC (TVOC). The TVOC EF results by 20-l small-chamber and FLEC methods were comparable with that of Formaldehyde Emission by FLEC. Although the major emitted harmful gas from wood-based composites was Formaldehyde, it was followed by VOC Emission. Although it was hard to compare directly the 20-l chamber and FLEC results because the data were based on the sum of only four VOC compounds, the VOC analyzer can be applied as a pre-test method for TVOC Emission test. The TVOC Emission results were also similar to the FLEC results. Due to its good correlation with the TVOC Emission levels obtained from the standard desiccator, FLEC and 20-l chamber methods, the VOC analyzer can be successfully applied to the measurement of TVOC Emissions from adhesives used in building materials. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This paper presents TVOC and Formaldehyde Emission behaviors from the engineered floorings that used in Korean housing recently. To reduce Emissions, MF/PVAc hybrid resins were used as bonding material. Normally, TVOC and Formaldehyde Emissions in indoor conditions are caused by interior materials. The results explained 'materials control' of interior materials are the first way to improve indoor air quality. There is a need to study about environmental-friendly materials for solving indoor air quality problem.

  • Effects of natural-resource-based scavengers on the adhesion properties and Formaldehyde Emission of engineered flooring
    Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Jong-sung Kim, Sumin Kim, Young Geun Eom, Hyun-joong Kim
    Abstract:

    In this study we investigated the effects of using four additives, wheat flour (WF), tannin, rice husk (RH) and charcoal, to melamine-Formaldehyde (MF) resin for decorative veneer and base plywood in engineered flooring in order to reduce the Formaldehyde Emission levels and improve the adhesion properties. We determined the effects of variations in hot-press time, temperature and pressure on the bonding strength and Formaldehyde Emission. Blends of various MF resin/additive compositions were prepared. To determine and compare the effects of the additives, seven MF resin blends were prepared with the four different additives: four with a wt ratio of 8:2 (MF/WF, MF/tannin, MF/RH and MF/charcoal), and three in the wt ratio of 8:1:1 (MF/WF/tannin, MF/WF/RH and MF/WF/charcoal). The desiccator and perforator methods were used to determine the level of Formaldehyde Emission. The Formaldehyde Emission level decreased with all additives, except for RH. At a charcoal addition of only 20%, the Formaldehyde Emission...

  • the effects of edge sealing treatment applied to wood based composites on Formaldehyde Emission by desiccator test method
    Polymer Testing, 2006
    Co-Authors: Sumin Kim, Jin-a Kim, Hyun-joong Kim, Hwa Hyoung Lee, Dongwon Yoon
    Abstract:

    Abstract Formaldehyde Emissions were measured with the Japanese industrial standard desiccator (JIS A 1460) method for particleboard (PB) and medium density fiberboard (MDF) as furniture materials, 8 mm laminate flooring, and engineered flooring as flooring materials. To measure the Formaldehyde surface Emissions, the edge of each sample was sealed with either parafilm, polyethylene wax or aluminum foil. To determine the effect of thickness, Emissions from PB and MDF of 9, 12, 15, 18 and 20 mm thicknesses were measured. The difference between sealing methods was relatively small but the difference from unsealed was large, confirming the need for a test procedure incorporating edge sealing. The reduction rate of Formaldehyde Emission from PB and MDF was 50–80% for flooring materials and about 30% for furniture materials. The greater core porosity in PB than in MDF may have caused the large reduction of Formaldehyde Emission from the edge sealed samples. The amount of Formaldehyde emitted from the edge was significantly higher in PB than in MDF. These results need to be considered when using the desiccator test to measure Formaldehyde Emission from flooring and furniture materials.

  • Reduction of Formaldehyde Emission from Particleboardsby Bio-Scavengers
    Journal of the Korean wood science and technology, 2006
    Co-Authors: Yeong-geun Eom, Hyeon-jung Kim, Jong-sung Kim, Sumin Kim, Jin-a Kim
    Abstract:

    This study was to investigate the effect of addlng addltive as tannin, rlce husk and charcoal, for reducing the Formaldehyde Emission level, on the adhesion properties of urea-Formaldehyde (UF) resin for particleboard. We controlled the hot-pressing time, temperature and pressure to determine the bonding strength and Formaldehyde Emission. Blends of various UF resinladditives (tannin, rice husk and charcoal) compositions were prepared. To determine and compare the effect of additives (tannin, rice husk and charcoal) content, 0, 5, 10 and 15%, by weight of UF resin, were used. NH4Cl as hardener added. To determine the level of Formaldehyde Emission, we used the desiccator, perforator and 20 L-small chamber method. The Formaldehyde Emission level decreased with increased additions of additive (except rice husk). Also, increased hot-pressing time decreased Formaldehyde Emission level. At a charcoal replacement ratio of only 1596, the Formaldehyde Emission level is under F& & & & grade (emit

  • comparison of Formaldehyde Emission from building finishing materials at various temperatures in under heating system ondol
    Indoor Air, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sumin Kim, Hyun-joong Kim
    Abstract:

    UNLABELLED The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of various temperatures, room, 37 and 50 degrees C, on Formaldehyde Emission from floor materials, such as laminate and plywood floorings, and furniture materials, such as MDF and particleboard veneered with decorative paper foil, by desiccator's method. The temperature conditions were set up by, measuring the temperature in a Korean under heating system. To maintain an indoor air temperature of 20 degrees C, the temperature of the flooring surface was about 37 degrees C and the temperature of the cement mortar was 50 degrees C. The initial Formaldehyde Emission of the laminate flooring and plywood flooring was 1.44 and 0.63 mg/l, and for MDF and particleboard it was 4.73 and 4.95 mg/l, respectively. Floor materials were under E1 grade while furniture materials were under E2 grade in terms of Formaldehyde Emission. Because of the under heating system, the flooring materials were exposed to 37 and 50 degrees C, while the furniture materials mostly existed at room temperature. At 37 and 50 degrees C, the Formaldehyde Emission level of the flooring materials was already under 0.3 ppm (F level by JIS A 1460, application possibility without area limit) after 10 days and the Emission had decreased further (0.03-0.10 mg/l) after 28 days. These levels are not injurious to the human body and will not cause sick house syndrome (SHS). The problem, however, is the furniture materials such as MDF and particleboard. As these materials are not exposed to high temperature (50 degrees C in this experiment) in living condition, it was still E2 grade of Formaldehyde Emission level at room temperature remained even after 28 days. Although there will be variations with the volume of furniture materials and the indoor conditions, furniture materials are the principal cause of indoor air quality pollution in Korean with the under heating system. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Koreans spend most of their time sitting on ONDOL (heated) floors, with their buttocks always in contact with the floor surface. The flooring materials are exposed to high temperatures (37-50 degrees C) why the effect of bake-out is rapid. The Emission of Formaldehyde from furniture materials are more important for the IAQ because usually MDF and particleboard of E2 grade are being used as furniture materials in Korea.

Hyun-joong Kim - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • tvoc and Formaldehyde Emission behaviors from flooring materials bonded with environmental friendly mf pvac hybrid resins
    Indoor Air, 2007
    Co-Authors: Sumin Kim, Jin-a Kim, Hyun-joong Kim, Shin Do Kim, Jin Chul Park
    Abstract:

    UNLABELLED Polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) was added as a replacement for melamine-Formaldehyde (MF) resin in the Formaldehyde-based resin system to reduce Formaldehyde and volatile organic compound (VOC) Emissions from the adhesives used between plywoods and fancy veneers. A variety of techniques, including 20-l chamber, field and laboratory Emission cell (FLEC), VOC analyzer and standard Formaldehyde Emission test (desiccator method), were used to determine the Formaldehyde and VOC Emissions from engineered flooring bonded with five different MF resin and PVAc blends at MF/PVAc ratios of 100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70 and 0:100. Although urea-Formaldehyde (UF) resin had the highest Formaldehyde Emission, the Emission as determined by desiccator method was reduced by exchanging with MF resin. Furthermore, the Formaldehyde Emission level was decreased with increasing addition of PVAc as the replacement for MF resin. UF resin in the case of beech was over 5.0 mg/l, which exceeded E2 (1.5-5.0 mg/l) grade. However, MF30:PVAc70 was Formaldehyde Emission is caused by Formaldehyde-based resin, the engineered floorings bonded with PVAc only had Emissions of just 0.25 mg/l. The results of Formaldehyde Emission by the 20-l small-chamber and FLEC methods showed a similar tendency with those from the desiccator method. After the replacement of UF resin by MF resin, PVAc addition further reduced Formaldehyde Emission. With increasing installation time, Formaldehyde Emission factors (EFs) were decreased. Furthermore, the results of the desiccator method correlated with those of the 20-l chamber and FLEC methods. VOC Emission results by 20-l small-chamber and FLEC methods were similar to the Formaldehyde and aldehyde Emission results. VOCs were calculated between C6 and C16 as total VOC (TVOC). The TVOC EF results by 20-l small-chamber and FLEC methods were comparable with that of Formaldehyde Emission by FLEC. Although the major emitted harmful gas from wood-based composites was Formaldehyde, it was followed by VOC Emission. Although it was hard to compare directly the 20-l chamber and FLEC results because the data were based on the sum of only four VOC compounds, the VOC analyzer can be applied as a pre-test method for TVOC Emission test. The TVOC Emission results were also similar to the FLEC results. Due to its good correlation with the TVOC Emission levels obtained from the standard desiccator, FLEC and 20-l chamber methods, the VOC analyzer can be successfully applied to the measurement of TVOC Emissions from adhesives used in building materials. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This paper presents TVOC and Formaldehyde Emission behaviors from the engineered floorings that used in Korean housing recently. To reduce Emissions, MF/PVAc hybrid resins were used as bonding material. Normally, TVOC and Formaldehyde Emissions in indoor conditions are caused by interior materials. The results explained 'materials control' of interior materials are the first way to improve indoor air quality. There is a need to study about environmental-friendly materials for solving indoor air quality problem.

  • Effects of natural-resource-based scavengers on the adhesion properties and Formaldehyde Emission of engineered flooring
    Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Jong-sung Kim, Sumin Kim, Young Geun Eom, Hyun-joong Kim
    Abstract:

    In this study we investigated the effects of using four additives, wheat flour (WF), tannin, rice husk (RH) and charcoal, to melamine-Formaldehyde (MF) resin for decorative veneer and base plywood in engineered flooring in order to reduce the Formaldehyde Emission levels and improve the adhesion properties. We determined the effects of variations in hot-press time, temperature and pressure on the bonding strength and Formaldehyde Emission. Blends of various MF resin/additive compositions were prepared. To determine and compare the effects of the additives, seven MF resin blends were prepared with the four different additives: four with a wt ratio of 8:2 (MF/WF, MF/tannin, MF/RH and MF/charcoal), and three in the wt ratio of 8:1:1 (MF/WF/tannin, MF/WF/RH and MF/WF/charcoal). The desiccator and perforator methods were used to determine the level of Formaldehyde Emission. The Formaldehyde Emission level decreased with all additives, except for RH. At a charcoal addition of only 20%, the Formaldehyde Emission...

  • the effects of edge sealing treatment applied to wood based composites on Formaldehyde Emission by desiccator test method
    Polymer Testing, 2006
    Co-Authors: Sumin Kim, Jin-a Kim, Hyun-joong Kim, Hwa Hyoung Lee, Dongwon Yoon
    Abstract:

    Abstract Formaldehyde Emissions were measured with the Japanese industrial standard desiccator (JIS A 1460) method for particleboard (PB) and medium density fiberboard (MDF) as furniture materials, 8 mm laminate flooring, and engineered flooring as flooring materials. To measure the Formaldehyde surface Emissions, the edge of each sample was sealed with either parafilm, polyethylene wax or aluminum foil. To determine the effect of thickness, Emissions from PB and MDF of 9, 12, 15, 18 and 20 mm thicknesses were measured. The difference between sealing methods was relatively small but the difference from unsealed was large, confirming the need for a test procedure incorporating edge sealing. The reduction rate of Formaldehyde Emission from PB and MDF was 50–80% for flooring materials and about 30% for furniture materials. The greater core porosity in PB than in MDF may have caused the large reduction of Formaldehyde Emission from the edge sealed samples. The amount of Formaldehyde emitted from the edge was significantly higher in PB than in MDF. These results need to be considered when using the desiccator test to measure Formaldehyde Emission from flooring and furniture materials.

  • comparison of Formaldehyde Emission from building finishing materials at various temperatures in under heating system ondol
    Indoor Air, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sumin Kim, Hyun-joong Kim
    Abstract:

    UNLABELLED The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of various temperatures, room, 37 and 50 degrees C, on Formaldehyde Emission from floor materials, such as laminate and plywood floorings, and furniture materials, such as MDF and particleboard veneered with decorative paper foil, by desiccator's method. The temperature conditions were set up by, measuring the temperature in a Korean under heating system. To maintain an indoor air temperature of 20 degrees C, the temperature of the flooring surface was about 37 degrees C and the temperature of the cement mortar was 50 degrees C. The initial Formaldehyde Emission of the laminate flooring and plywood flooring was 1.44 and 0.63 mg/l, and for MDF and particleboard it was 4.73 and 4.95 mg/l, respectively. Floor materials were under E1 grade while furniture materials were under E2 grade in terms of Formaldehyde Emission. Because of the under heating system, the flooring materials were exposed to 37 and 50 degrees C, while the furniture materials mostly existed at room temperature. At 37 and 50 degrees C, the Formaldehyde Emission level of the flooring materials was already under 0.3 ppm (F level by JIS A 1460, application possibility without area limit) after 10 days and the Emission had decreased further (0.03-0.10 mg/l) after 28 days. These levels are not injurious to the human body and will not cause sick house syndrome (SHS). The problem, however, is the furniture materials such as MDF and particleboard. As these materials are not exposed to high temperature (50 degrees C in this experiment) in living condition, it was still E2 grade of Formaldehyde Emission level at room temperature remained even after 28 days. Although there will be variations with the volume of furniture materials and the indoor conditions, furniture materials are the principal cause of indoor air quality pollution in Korean with the under heating system. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Koreans spend most of their time sitting on ONDOL (heated) floors, with their buttocks always in contact with the floor surface. The flooring materials are exposed to high temperatures (37-50 degrees C) why the effect of bake-out is rapid. The Emission of Formaldehyde from furniture materials are more important for the IAQ because usually MDF and particleboard of E2 grade are being used as furniture materials in Korea.

  • comparison of standard methods and gas chromatography method in determination of Formaldehyde Emission from mdf bonded with Formaldehyde based resins
    Bioresource Technology, 2005
    Co-Authors: Sumin Kim, Hyun-joong Kim
    Abstract:

    Formaldehyde Emissions from MDF bonded with urea-Formaldehyde resin (UF), melamine-Formaldehyde resin (MF) and the co-polycondensation resin of urea-melamine-Formaldehyde (UMF) and melamine-Formaldehyde, measured by the Japanese standard method of determining Formaldehyde Emission with a desiccator (JIS A 5908) and the DIN EN 120 (European Committee For Standardization, 1991) method using the perforator value, were used as the typical standard methods. While the UF resin showed a desiccator value of 7.05 ppm and a perforator value of 12.1 mg/100 g panel, the MF resin exhibited a desiccator value of 0.6 ppm and a perforator value of 2.88 mg/100 g panel. According to the Japanese industrial standard and the European standard, the Formaldehyde Emission level of the MDF panels made with UF resin in this study was E(2) grade. The Formaldehyde Emission level was dramatically reduced by the addition of MF resin. This is because the addition of Formaldehyde to melamine occurs more easily and completely than its addition to urea, even though the condensation reaction of melamine with Formaldehyde is similar to that between urea and Formaldehyde. These two methods, the desiccator method and the perforator method, produced proportionally equivalent results. Gas chromatography, a more sensitive and advanced method, was also used. The samples used for gas chromatography were gathered during the experiment involving the perforator method. The Formaldehyde Emission levels obtained from gas chromatography were similar to those obtained from the perforator method. The Formaldehyde contents measured by gas chromatography were directly proportional to the perforator values.

Ming-jer Tsai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • properties of low Formaldehyde Emission particleboard made from recycled wood waste chips sprayed with pmdi pf resin
    Building and Environment, 2007
    Co-Authors: Song Yung Wang, Te-hsin Yang, Liting Lin, Chengjung Lin, Ming-jer Tsai
    Abstract:

    Abstract The objective of this study was to manufacture low-Formaldehyde-Emission particleboard from recycled wood-waste chips using polymeric 4,4′-methylenediphenyl isocyanate (PMDI) and phenol-Formaldehyde (PF) resins for use in indoor environments. The influence of PMDI/PF ratios in particles on the Formaldehyde Emission and its mechanical properties were investigated. The experimental results showed that the Formaldehyde Emission released decreased linearly with increasing PMDI/PF particle ratio. The relationship could be represented by a linear regression formula. Formaldehyde Emission was below 0.3 mg/L when the weight percentage of PMDI/particles was up to 70%. The Formaldehyde Emission from melamine-Formaldehyde (MF) resin-impregnated paper-overlaid particleboard was 17% lower than that for particleboard. Moreover, the bending strength, internal bonding strength and screw holding strength increased with increasing PMDI/PF particle ratio. However, the percentage thickness swelling of the particleboard decreased with increasing PMDI/PF particle ratio. In addition, there were significant positive relationships between the ultrasonic velocity and the bending strength, internal bonding strength and screw holding strength of the particleboard, which allowed evaluation of the properties of the particleboard using ultrasonic velocity.

  • Fire-retardant-treated low-Formaldehyde-Emission particleboard made from recycled wood-waste.
    Bioresource Technology, 2007
    Co-Authors: Song Yung Wang, Te-hsin Yang, Ming-jer Tsai
    Abstract:

    Abstract The objective of this study was to manufacture fire-retardant-treated low-Formaldehyde-Emission particleboard from recycled wood-waste particles using polymeric 4,4′-methylenediphenyl isocyanate (PMDI) and phenol-Formaldehyde (PF) resins. The influence of the PMDI/PF ratio (ratio of particles sprayed with PMDI to particles sprayed with PF, w/w) after fire retardant treatment on Formaldehyde Emissions, mechanical properties, and surface fire resistant performance of the manufactured particleboard was investigated. The experimental results showed that the Formaldehyde Emissions linearly decreased with an increasing PMDI/PF ratio. Moreover, the bending strength, internal bond strength, and screw holding strength increased with an increasing PMDI/PF ratio. The thickness swelling of the particleboard was improved by using an increasing PMDI/PF ratio. Furthermore, the fire-retardant-treated low-Formaldehyde-Emission particleboards fabricated in our study could pass the third grade standard of surface fire resistant performance as specified by CNS 6532.

Yinping Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • a framework and experimental study of an improved voc Formaldehyde Emission reference for environmental chamber tests
    Atmospheric Environment, 2014
    Co-Authors: Wenjuan Wei, Jianyin Xiong, Weiping Zhao, Yinping Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Environmental chamber systems are usually employed in the testing of volatile organic compound (VOC) and Formaldehyde Emissions from building materials. The measurement accuracy of environmental chamber systems can be evaluated by VOC/Formaldehyde Emission references. However, the available VOC/Formaldehyde Emission references all have some limitations for applications to various scales of chambers. A framework for designing and using a target VOC/Formaldehyde Emission references to evaluate the performance of chamber systems for measuring VOC/Formaldehyde Emissions from building materials is studied. Liquid-inner tube diffusion-film-Emission (LIFE) reference is improved in this study to meet the requirements of a target VOC/Formaldehyde Emission reference, such as reliability, similarity as building materials, efficiency for measurement. Equivalent Emission characteristic parameters are designed for a toluene LIFE reference to perform similar to a building material. Chamber test of the LIFE reference is made in a 30 m3 stainless steel ventilated environmental chamber at 23 ± 1 °C and 50 ± 5% relative humidity. The experimental data match the predictions using LIFE Emission model as well as building material Emission model. The improvement of the LIFE reference enables its application for the evaluation of the performance of all kinds of environmental chambers as a general reference in tests of VOCs/Formaldehyde Emissions from building materials.

  • A framework and experimental study of an improved VOC/Formaldehyde Emission reference for environmental chamber tests
    Atmospheric Environment, 2014
    Co-Authors: Wenjuan Wei, Jianyin Xiong, Weiping Zhao, Yinping Zhang
    Abstract:

    Abstract Environmental chamber systems are usually employed in the testing of volatile organic compound (VOC) and Formaldehyde Emissions from building materials. The measurement accuracy of environmental chamber systems can be evaluated by VOC/Formaldehyde Emission references. However, the available VOC/Formaldehyde Emission references all have some limitations for applications to various scales of chambers. A framework for designing and using a target VOC/Formaldehyde Emission references to evaluate the performance of chamber systems for measuring VOC/Formaldehyde Emissions from building materials is studied. Liquid-inner tube diffusion-film-Emission (LIFE) reference is improved in this study to meet the requirements of a target VOC/Formaldehyde Emission reference, such as reliability, similarity as building materials, efficiency for measurement. Equivalent Emission characteristic parameters are designed for a toluene LIFE reference to perform similar to a building material. Chamber test of the LIFE reference is made in a 30 m3 stainless steel ventilated environmental chamber at 23 ± 1 °C and 50 ± 5% relative humidity. The experimental data match the predictions using LIFE Emission model as well as building material Emission model. The improvement of the LIFE reference enables its application for the evaluation of the performance of all kinds of environmental chambers as a general reference in tests of VOCs/Formaldehyde Emissions from building materials.

  • Control of Formaldehyde Emission from wood-based panels by doping adsorbents: optimization and application
    Heat and Mass Transfer, 2013
    Co-Authors: Yinping Zhang
    Abstract:

    This paper puts forward an approach to determine the optimal mode of doping adsorbents into the wood-based panels for control of their Formaldehyde Emission. Based on the optimization conclusion, a novel design method for low-emitting wood-based panels by daubing adsorbent layer on the panel’s surface is proposed. The Formaldehyde Emission results from the prepared laboratory specimens indicate the feasibility of the proposed method. This study provides a meaningful guidance on designing low-emitting wood-based panels.

Takato Nakano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • effect of thermal treatment of veneer on Formaldehyde Emission of poplar plywood
    Materials, 2013
    Co-Authors: Koji Murata, Yashuhiro Watanabe, Takato Nakano
    Abstract:

    A large amount of poplar plywood is now being imported into Japan from China, and as a result, Formaldehyde emitted from this plywood represents an undesirable chemical that must be controlled using a chemical catching agent. The aim of this study is to find an approach to reduce the Formaldehyde Emission of poplar plywood using thermal treatment without employing any chemicals. The experimental results obtained show that heating veneer sheets in the temperature range of 150 °C to 170 °C effectively reduced the Formaldehyde Emission of plywood, without diminishing the mechanical properties of the veneer. By applying Langmuir's theory and Hailwood-Horrobin theory to the adsorption isotherm obtained in this study, the relationship between the Formaldehyde Emission of plywood and the adsorption properties of veneer as a material is discussed. When veneer sheets were heated in the temperature range of 150 °C to 170 °C, the amount of hydrated water (monomolecular layer) decreased slightly and that of dissolved water (polymolecular layer) did not change. It is hypothesized that the Formaldehyde Emission of plywood is related to the condition of the adsorption site of the wood.