The Experts below are selected from a list of 258 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jong-liang Lin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Photooxidation of Formic Acid vs Formate and Ethanol vs Ethoxy on TiO2 and Effect of Adsorbed Water on the Rates of Formate and Formic Acid Photooxidation
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2001Co-Authors: Li-fen Liao, And Chia-yuan Chen, Jong-liang LinAbstract:Comparison of photooxidation rates of Formic Acid and formate on TiO2 as well as the effect of adsorbed water on formate and Formic Acid photodecomposition rates have been investigated by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Adsorbed Formic Acid and formate are all photooxidized to CO2 in O2. Formic Acid on TiO2 shows a photoreaction rate that is roughly 53 times that of formate groups for a same surface concentration. The presence of H2O can increase formate and Formic Acid photooxidation rates by a factor close to 2. In addition, photochemistry of adsorbed ethanol and ethoxy is also compared. It is found that ethanol is important for the formation of acetaldehyde, while ethoxy groups are photooxidized to adsorbed acetate, formate, and water. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.
Travis J. Williams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A prolific catalyst for dehydrogenation of neat Formic Acid
Nature communications, 2016Co-Authors: Jeff Joseph A. Celaje, Elyse A. Kedzie, Nicholas J. Terrile, Travis J. WilliamsAbstract:Formic Acid is a promising energy carrier for on-demand hydrogen generation. Because the reverse reaction is also feasible, Formic Acid is a form of stored hydrogen. Here we present a robust, reusable iridium catalyst that enables hydrogen gas release from neat Formic Acid. This catalysis works under mild conditions in the presence of air, is highly selective and affords millions of turnovers. While many catalysts exist for both Formic Acid dehydrogenation and carbon dioxide reduction, solutions to date on hydrogen gas release rely on volatile components that reduce the weight content of stored hydrogen and/or introduce fuel cell poisons. These are avoided here. The catalyst utilizes an interesting chemical mechanism, which is described on the basis of kinetic and synthetic experiments.
Et Gérard Avignon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Formic Acid pulping of rice straw
Industrial Crops and Products, 2001Co-Authors: Hoang Quoc Lam, Yves Le Bigot, Michel Delmas, Et Gérard AvignonAbstract:Abstract Rice straw pulping with Formic Acid was studied for different temperatures, cooking times and Acid concentrations. Delignification percentage of approximately 85% with a pulp yield of 44.4% was obtained under relatively mild cooking conditions (temperature, 100°C; cooking time, 60 min; Formic Acid concentration, 90%). Pulp chemical and mechanical properties were comparable with those found for pulp obtained in basic environments. However, the advantage of this technique compared with cooking in basic environments is that most of the silicon derivatives remain in the pulp.
Li-fen Liao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Photooxidation of Formic Acid vs Formate and Ethanol vs Ethoxy on TiO2 and Effect of Adsorbed Water on the Rates of Formate and Formic Acid Photooxidation
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2001Co-Authors: Li-fen Liao, And Chia-yuan Chen, Jong-liang LinAbstract:Comparison of photooxidation rates of Formic Acid and formate on TiO2 as well as the effect of adsorbed water on formate and Formic Acid photodecomposition rates have been investigated by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy. Adsorbed Formic Acid and formate are all photooxidized to CO2 in O2. Formic Acid on TiO2 shows a photoreaction rate that is roughly 53 times that of formate groups for a same surface concentration. The presence of H2O can increase formate and Formic Acid photooxidation rates by a factor close to 2. In addition, photochemistry of adsorbed ethanol and ethoxy is also compared. It is found that ethanol is important for the formation of acetaldehyde, while ethoxy groups are photooxidized to adsorbed acetate, formate, and water. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed.
Richard I Masel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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high power density direct Formic Acid fuel cells
Journal of Power Sources, 2004Co-Authors: Yimin Zhu, Richard I MaselAbstract:A demonstration of direct Formic Acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) generating relatively high power density at ambient temperature is reported. The performance of Nafion 112-based DFAFCs with different concentrations of Formic Acid at different temperatures has been evaluated. DFAFCs operated with dry air and zero back-pressure can generate power densities of 110 and 84 mW cm −2 at 30 and 18 ◦ C, respectively, which are considerably higher than direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) operated under the same conditions. The DFAFCs are especially suited to power portable devices used at ambient temperature because the significant high power density can be achieved with highly concentrated Formic Acid. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Crossover of Formic Acid through Nafion® membranes
Journal of Power Sources, 2003Co-Authors: Young-woo Rhee, Richard I MaselAbstract:Abstract Formic Acid has been proposed as a possible fuel for miniature fuel cells, because Formic Acid is expected to show low crossover and easy water management. In this paper, the permeation of Formic Acid through Nafion® membranes is investigated at room temperature. It is found that the permeation of Formic Acid through Nafion® 112 and 117 is much lower than that of methanol. For example, at a 1 M concentration, the steady state flux of Formic Acid through Nafion® 117 is only 2.03±0.07×10−8 mol/cm2 s. By comparison, previous workers have observed a methanol flux of 3 to 6×10−6 mol/cm2 s through Nafion® 117 under similar conditions. The flux through Nafion® 117 increases with increasing Formic Acid concentration, reaching a maximum of 1.86±0.11×10−7 mol/cm2 s at a Formic Acid concentration of 10 M. The flux of Formic Acid is about a factor of two higher through Nafion® 112 than through Nafion® 117 but still low. These results show that the permeation of Formic Acid through Nafion® is much slower than the permeation of methanol through the same membrane. Consequently, Formic Acid is an attractive alternative fuel for small polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells.
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direct Formic Acid fuel cells
Journal of Power Sources, 2002Co-Authors: Cynthia A Rice, Richard I Masel, Pio Waszczuk, Andrzej Wieckowski, Tom ArnardAbstract:Abstract The performance of Formic Acid fuel oxidation on a solid PEM fuel cell at 60 °C is reported. We find that Formic Acid is an excellent fuel for a fuel cell. A model cell, using a proprietary anode catalyst produced currents up to 134 mA/cm 2 and power outputs up to 48.8 mW/cm 2 . Open circuit potentials (OCPs) are about 0.72 V. The fuel cell runs successfully over Formic Acid concentrations between 5 and 20 M with little crossover or degradation in performance. The anodic polarization potential of Formic Acid is approximately 0.1 V lower than that for methanol on a standard Pt/Ru catalyst. These results show that Formic Acid fuel cells are attractive alternatives for small portable fuel cell applications.
