The Experts below are selected from a list of 2499 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Gary Walsh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
identification of fungal proteases potentially suitable for environmentally friendly cleaning in place in the dairy industry
Chemosphere, 2012Co-Authors: Angela Oyce, Gary WalshAbstract:Abstract Fourteen fungi were screened for ability to produce proteases with activity on milk protein. The proteases produced were assessed on a lab-scale in terms of their potential suitability for cleaning-in-place (CIP) in the dairy industry. Cleaning performance was assessed by determining the ability of the enzymes to remove an industrial-like milk Fouling Deposit from stainless steel. Based on the results observed, the extracellular protease activity produced by Schizophyllum commune was selected as most suitable for potential CIP application. A CIP procedure involving a sodium carbonate rinse followed by enzymatic cleaning with this fungal enzyme activity was developed. Satisfactory cleaning, judged by quantification of residual organic matter and protein on the stainless steel surface after cleaning, was achieved using the developed CIP procedure at 40 °C. This CIP procedure, based on biodegradable enzymes working at low temperature is more environmentally favourable than conventional CIP methods using caustic based cleaning solutions at 70–80 °C. Potential environmental benefits of the developed enzymatic CIP procedure include reduced energy consumption, decreased chemical usage and a reduced requirement for pH neutralisation of the resultant waste prior to release.
-
assessment of the potential suitability of selected commercially available enzymes for cleaning in place cip in the dairy industry
Biofouling, 2010Co-Authors: Angela Oyce, Anna V Piterina, Gary WalshAbstract:The potential suitability of 10 commercial protease and lipase products for cleaning-in-place (CIP) application in the dairy industry was investigated on a laboratory scale. Assessment was based primarily on the ability of the enzymes to remove an experimentally generated milk Fouling Deposit from stainless steel (SS) panels. Three protease products were identified as being most suitable for this application on the basis of their cleaning performance at 40°C, which was comparable to that of the commonly used cleaning agent, 1% NaOH at 60°C. This was judged by quantification of residual organic matter and protein on the SS surface after cleaning and analysis by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). Enzyme activity was removed/inactivated under conditions simulating those normally undertaken after cleaning (rinsing with water, acid circulation, sanitation). Preliminary process-scale studies strongly suggest that enzyme-based CIP achieves satisfactory cleaning at an industrial scale. Cost analysis indic...
Ghozali, Nurrizqi Ainul - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
OPTIMISASI DESAIN SHELL AND TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER PADA PROSES PASTEURISASI SUSU KEDELAI
2020Co-Authors: Ghozali, Nurrizqi AinulAbstract:Susu kedelai dapat menggantikan susu sapi dikarenakan susunan asam aminonya mirip dengan susu sapi. Pasteurisasi dilakukan dengan memberikan perlakuan panas untuk menghilangkan bakteri patogen pada makanan atau minuman, sehingga aman untuk dikonsumsi. Proses pasteurisasi susu kedelai pada low temperature long time (LTLT) memerlukan panas pada suhu 62,8ºC selama 30 menit dan high temperature short time (HTST) pada suhu 71,7ºC selama 15 detik. Proses pasteurisasi memerlukan alat penukar panas (heat exchanger). Permasalahan pada heat exchanger yakni terbentuknya Fouling. (Deposit yang tidak diinginkan pada permukaan heat exchanger yang menghambat proses perpindahan panas. Fouling dapat diminimalkan dengan menentukan geometri heat exchanger yang optimal. Dalam penelitian ini, sebanyak 10 heat exchanger dirangkai secara seri. Optimisasi dilakukan untuk menentukan geometri shell and tube heat exchanger sehingga diperoleh Fouling resistance minimal. Optimisasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa metode stokastik. Variabel yang dioptimisasi adalah diameter dalam shell (Ds), diameter luar tube (do), dan jumlah baffle (Nb). Dari hasil optimisasi duelist algorithm didapatkan bahwa nilai Fouling resistance pada sisi shell (Rfs) rata-rata berkurang 25%, sedangkan Fouling resistance pada sisi tube (Rft) rata-rata berkurang 3%
-
Optimisasi Desain Shell And Tube Heat Exchanger Pada Proses Pasteurisasi Susu Kedelai
2020Co-Authors: Ghozali, Nurrizqi AinulAbstract:Susu kedelai dapat menggantikan susu sapi dikarenakan susunan asam aminonya mirip dengan susu sapi. Pasteurisasi dilakukan dengan memberikan perlakuan panas untuk menghilangkan bakteri patogen pada makanan atau minuman, sehingga aman untuk dikonsumsi. Proses pasteurisasi susu kedelai pada low temperature long time (LTLT) memerlukan panas pada suhu 62,8ºC selama 30 menit dan high temperature short time (HTST) pada suhu 71,7ºC selama 15 detik. Proses pasteurisasi memerlukan alat penukar panas (heat exchanger). Permasalahan pada heat exchanger yakni terbentuknya Fouling. (Deposit yang tidak diinginkan pada permukaan heat exchanger yang menghambat proses perpindahan panas. Fouling dapat diminimalkan dengan menentukan geometri heat exchanger yang optimal. Dalam penelitian ini, sebanyak 10 heat exchanger dirangkai secara seri. Optimisasi dilakukan untuk menentukan geometri shell and tube heat exchanger sehingga diperoleh Fouling resistance minimal. Optimisasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan beberapa metode stokastik. Variabel yang dioptimisasi adalah diameter dalam shell (Ds), diameter luar tube (do), dan jumlah baffle (Nb). Dari hasil optimisasi duelist algorithm didapatkan bahwa nilai Fouling resistance pada sisi shell (Rfs) rata-rata berkurang 25%, sedangkan Fouling resistance pada sisi tube (Rft) rata-rata berkurang 3%. ========================================================= Soy milk can replace cow's milk because its amino acid composition is like cow's milk. Pasteurization is done by giving heat treatment to eliminate pathogenic bacteria in food or drink, so it is safe for consumption. Pasteurization of soy milk at a low-temperature long time (LTLT) requires heat at 62.8ºC for 30 minutes and high-temperature short time (HTST) at 71.7ºC for 15 seconds. The pasteurization process requires a heat exchanger. The problem with heat exchangers is the formation of Fouling. (undesired Deposits on the surface of the heat exchanger) that inhibit the heat transfer process. Fouling can be minimized by determining the optimal heat exchanger geometry. In this study, ten heat exchangers were arranged in series. Optimization is done to determine the geometry of the shell and tube heat exchanger so that minimal Fouling resistance is obtained. Optimization is done by using several stochastic methods. Optimized variables are the inner diameter of the shell (Ds), the outer diameter of the tube (do), and the number of baffles (Nb). From the results of optimization of the duelist algorithm, it was found that the Fouling resistance on the shell side (Rfs) decreased by an average of 25%, while the Fouling resistance on the tube side (Rft) decreased by an average of 3%
Angela Oyce - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
identification of fungal proteases potentially suitable for environmentally friendly cleaning in place in the dairy industry
Chemosphere, 2012Co-Authors: Angela Oyce, Gary WalshAbstract:Abstract Fourteen fungi were screened for ability to produce proteases with activity on milk protein. The proteases produced were assessed on a lab-scale in terms of their potential suitability for cleaning-in-place (CIP) in the dairy industry. Cleaning performance was assessed by determining the ability of the enzymes to remove an industrial-like milk Fouling Deposit from stainless steel. Based on the results observed, the extracellular protease activity produced by Schizophyllum commune was selected as most suitable for potential CIP application. A CIP procedure involving a sodium carbonate rinse followed by enzymatic cleaning with this fungal enzyme activity was developed. Satisfactory cleaning, judged by quantification of residual organic matter and protein on the stainless steel surface after cleaning, was achieved using the developed CIP procedure at 40 °C. This CIP procedure, based on biodegradable enzymes working at low temperature is more environmentally favourable than conventional CIP methods using caustic based cleaning solutions at 70–80 °C. Potential environmental benefits of the developed enzymatic CIP procedure include reduced energy consumption, decreased chemical usage and a reduced requirement for pH neutralisation of the resultant waste prior to release.
-
assessment of the potential suitability of selected commercially available enzymes for cleaning in place cip in the dairy industry
Biofouling, 2010Co-Authors: Angela Oyce, Anna V Piterina, Gary WalshAbstract:The potential suitability of 10 commercial protease and lipase products for cleaning-in-place (CIP) application in the dairy industry was investigated on a laboratory scale. Assessment was based primarily on the ability of the enzymes to remove an experimentally generated milk Fouling Deposit from stainless steel (SS) panels. Three protease products were identified as being most suitable for this application on the basis of their cleaning performance at 40°C, which was comparable to that of the commonly used cleaning agent, 1% NaOH at 60°C. This was judged by quantification of residual organic matter and protein on the SS surface after cleaning and analysis by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). Enzyme activity was removed/inactivated under conditions simulating those normally undertaken after cleaning (rinsing with water, acid circulation, sanitation). Preliminary process-scale studies strongly suggest that enzyme-based CIP achieves satisfactory cleaning at an industrial scale. Cost analysis indic...
D I Wilson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
value pricing of surface coatings for mitigating heat exchanger Fouling
Food and Bioproducts Processing, 2015Co-Authors: Gomes L Da Cruz, Edward M Ishiyama, Cristiane Boxler, Wolfgang Augustin, Stephan Scholl, D I WilsonAbstract:Abstract Surface modification has been proposed as an attractive mitigation strategy for combating heat exchanger Fouling in the food industry and other sectors. AntiFouling coatings manipulate the interactions between the surface and Fouling precursors or Fouling Deposit to either extend the induction period before appreciable Fouling starts and/or reduce the rate of Deposition. A successful surface treatment should extend the time between cleaning operations, thereby reducing the operating cost of the system. A modified exchanger will, however, incur additional capital costs for replacement and this needs to be compared to the anticipated savings during operation. This paper considers the economic attractiveness of replacing existing exchangers by units with modified surfaces in a retrofit. Three cases are considered, which are modelled using Fouling rates taken from studies in the literature. AntiFouling performance is expressed in terms of (i) extended induction period before Fouling starts, and/or (ii) reduced Fouling rate. The annualised total cost (operating + annualised capital spend) is mapped for different combinations of these parameters to establish the economically favourable region for a coating at different coating prices. This allows the value pricing margin to be identified, where the expected benefits have to be split between the cost of the coating and the benefit to the manufacturer and operator. The case studies are (a) DLC-related surface modification to reduce aqueous crystallisation Fouling; (b) fluorocarbon-based coatings which offer antiFouling performance but can reduce heat transfer, for crystallisation Fouling; and (c) fluorocarbon-based coatings in a dairy pasteuriser application. A novel strategy, of replacing stainless steel with fluorocarbon coated carbon steel, is also considered for case (b).
-
effect of nozzle external geometry on the pressure and shear stress exerted on the surface being gauged in fluid dynamic gauging
Chemical Engineering Research & Design, 2011Co-Authors: Juan Manuel Peralta, Yong Min J Chew, D I WilsonAbstract:Fluid dynamic gauging (FDG) is an experimental technique that exploits the behaviour of a suction flow through a nozzle located near a Fouling Deposit to determine the thickness of the layer. The nozzle does not contact the layer but the shear stress imposed by the flow could cause it to deform. The effect of the external shape of the nozzle on the stresses on the surface being gauged was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Different nozzle shapes were studied using a 2D axi-symmetric computational domain. CFD results were validated by comparison with (i) a set of experimental values for the normal stresses acting on the gauged surface, and (ii) an analytical solution for the limiting case approached under certain conditions. The results obtained for different simple geometries show that certain desirable pressure and surface shear stress distributions can be obtained by selection of the appropriate external nozzle shape.
Keshab Chandra Mondal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
smart cleaning in place process through crude keratinase an eco friendly cleaning techniques towards dairy industries
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2014Co-Authors: Tanmay Paul, Arpa Das, Suman Kuma Halde, Ariji Jana, Pradeep Das K Mohapatra, Ikas R Pati, Arpita Mandal, Keshab Chandra MondalAbstract:Abstract Crude keratinolytic protease produced from Bacillus tequilensis hsTKB2 was screened for its ability to clean milk foul generated upon the stainless steel panels as Deposit in dairy plants. Enzyme yield was maximized by optimizing the culture conditions of a low-cost culture medium under solid culture condition with a try bed reactor. The highest keratinolytic protease activity of (1770.6 U g−1) was obtained by maintaining fermentation conditions of keratinase production at 45 °C, chicken feathers moisture ratio of 1:1 and an initial pH of 10 of the media. The crude keratinase was active in broad range of pH (8–11) with keratin as a substrate. However, it exhibited highest activities at pH 10.5. The crude keratinase which was strongly inactivated by Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) indicated that it was a serine type protease. The crude enzyme showed remarkable stability with Triton X-100 making it suitable for CIP process. The surface immobilized enzyme alginate beads prepared by 3% glutaraldehide fixation with beads improved significant cleaning activity rendering it suitable for commercial exploitation. The proteases produced were assessed on a lab-scale in terms of their potential suitability for cleaning-in-place (CIP) in the dairy industry. Cleaning performance was assessed by determining the ability of the enzymes to remove an industrial-like milk Fouling Deposit from stainless steel. Satisfactory cleaning, judged by quantification of residual organic matter and protein on the stainless steel surface after cleaning, was achieved using the developed CIP procedure at 70 °C. In addition this CIP procedure based on biodegradable enzymes working at high temperature is more environmentally favorable than conventional CIP methods using caustic based cleaning solutions. Potential environmental benefits of the developed enzymatic CIP procedure include decreased chemical usage of the resultant waste prior to release. This cleaning not only produces alkaline and acidic waste water with detergents but also takes significant time and reduction of odorous compounds.