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Eric Van Oort - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Frictional Pressure Loss of drilling fluids in a fully eccentric annulus
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Oney Erge, Mehmet Evren Ozbayoglu, Ali Karimi Vajargah, Eric Van OortAbstract:Abstract It is common practice when drilling oil and gas wells to assume that the drillstring is placed concentrically in the annular space with either the open hole or previous casing strings in order to predict annular Frictional Pressure Losses. The assumption of such a concentric annulus is, however, a considerable simplification that may not properly reflect the majority of drilling applications in the field. In fact, with an increasing number of deviated/horizontal and extended reach wells being drilled, a fully eccentric annulus is actually present in a large section of the wellbore. In this study, we apply experimental, analytical, and numerical approaches to investigate the impact of drillpipe eccentricity on the annular Pressure Loss while circulating non-Newtonian drilling fluids. The length of the experimental section of a flow loop was 27.74 m (91′) and it consisted of 0.0245 m (1″) steel drillpipe and 0.0571 m (2.25″) acrylic casing with the inner diameter of 0.0508 m (2″). Drillpipe was placed at the bottom of the casing, thereby simulating a fully eccentric annulus. Four Yield Power Law (YPL) drilling fluids were tested in this flow loop. Annular Pressure Loss for a wide range of laminar flow rates was recorded for each fluid. A numerical model based on a finite difference approach was developed to estimate the annular Pressure Loss. Subsequently, the experimental data was compared with the proposed model and also with several other widely used analytical and numerical approaches previously reported in the literature. The obtained results show that in the laminar flow regime, the annular Frictional Pressure Loss in a fully eccentric annulus is considerably less than a concentric annulus, on occasions by less than 50%. In general, all the applied models under-estimated the effect of eccentricity on Pressure Loss. However, the novel proposed model showed the least discrepancy with the experimental data. Furthermore, it was found that the difference between the estimated and experimental results increases with increasing fluid yield stress. This suggests that models and/or correlations that are developed to correct for the eccentricity effect for fluids with negligible yield stress (for instance Power Law fluids) are not suitable to estimate the Pressure Loss for YPL fluids with elevated yield stress.
Oney Erge - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Equivalent circulating density modeling of Yield Power Law fluids validated with CFD approach
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Oney Erge, Evren Ozbayoglu, Stefan Z. Miska, Nicholas Takach, Arild Saasen, Roland MayAbstract:Abstract A numerical and experimental analysis is conducted on the flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in annuli. A numerical model is presented that accurately estimates the annular Frictional Pressure Losses with and without the inner pipe rotation. The numerical model is validated using a CFD software. Experiments are conducted at a 27 m long flow loop using various fluids that can be characterized as Yield Power Law (YPL). The results of the experiments are compared with the results obtained with the numerical model. Today, the most drilling fluids show YPL behavior. The proposed numerical model can calculate the equivalent circulating density while circulating YPL fluids accurately. The model is validated with a CFD software and compared with experimental results, the published experimental results and with the slot approximation. The results obtained from the numerical model shows good agreement with the experiments and also with the experimental results from the literature. The comparisons between the models indicate that the slot approximation can result in large errors especially when the diameter ratio is low, meaning the diameter of the inner pipe is significantly smaller compared to outer pipe. The numerical model is coupled with a stability criterion that determines the onset and offset of the transitional flow between laminar and turbulent regions of YPL fluids. Various degrees of eccentricity are analyzed in terms of Pressure profile and flow stability with the proposed method. This study contributes to a better understanding of flow in annuli. The results obtained from this study are useful to predict the transition and the annular Frictional Pressure Loss profiles more accurately than existing methods. Potential applications include risk avoidance and optimized operations.
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Frictional Pressure Losses
2015Co-Authors: Oney Erge, Stefan Z. Miska, Nicholas Takach, Mehmet E. Ozbayoglu, Arild Saasen, Det Norske, Oljeselskap AsaAbstract:Keeping the drilling fluid equivalent circulating density in the operating window between the pore and fracture Pressure is a challenge, particularly when the gap between these two is narrow, such as in offshore, extended reach, and slim hole drilling applications usually encountered in shale gas and/or oil drilling. To overcome this challenge, accu-rate estimation of Frictional Pressure Loss in the annulus is essential. A better estimation of Frictional Pressure Losses will enable improved well control, optimized bit hydraulics, a better drilling fluid program, and pump selection. Field and experimental measure-ments show that Pressure Loss in annuli is strongly affected by the pipe rotation and eccentricity. The major focus of this project is on a horizontal well setup with drillstring under compression, considering the influence of rotation on Frictional Pressure Losses of yield power law fluids. The test matrix includes flow through the annulus for various buckling modes with and without the rotation of the inner pipe. Sinusoidal, helical, and transition from sinusoidal to helical configurations with and without the drillstring rota-tion were investigated. Helical configurations with two different pitch lengths are com-pared. Eight yield power law fluids are tested and consistent results are observed. Th
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Frictional Pressure Loss of drilling fluids in a fully eccentric annulus
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Oney Erge, Mehmet Evren Ozbayoglu, Ali Karimi Vajargah, Eric Van OortAbstract:Abstract It is common practice when drilling oil and gas wells to assume that the drillstring is placed concentrically in the annular space with either the open hole or previous casing strings in order to predict annular Frictional Pressure Losses. The assumption of such a concentric annulus is, however, a considerable simplification that may not properly reflect the majority of drilling applications in the field. In fact, with an increasing number of deviated/horizontal and extended reach wells being drilled, a fully eccentric annulus is actually present in a large section of the wellbore. In this study, we apply experimental, analytical, and numerical approaches to investigate the impact of drillpipe eccentricity on the annular Pressure Loss while circulating non-Newtonian drilling fluids. The length of the experimental section of a flow loop was 27.74 m (91′) and it consisted of 0.0245 m (1″) steel drillpipe and 0.0571 m (2.25″) acrylic casing with the inner diameter of 0.0508 m (2″). Drillpipe was placed at the bottom of the casing, thereby simulating a fully eccentric annulus. Four Yield Power Law (YPL) drilling fluids were tested in this flow loop. Annular Pressure Loss for a wide range of laminar flow rates was recorded for each fluid. A numerical model based on a finite difference approach was developed to estimate the annular Pressure Loss. Subsequently, the experimental data was compared with the proposed model and also with several other widely used analytical and numerical approaches previously reported in the literature. The obtained results show that in the laminar flow regime, the annular Frictional Pressure Loss in a fully eccentric annulus is considerably less than a concentric annulus, on occasions by less than 50%. In general, all the applied models under-estimated the effect of eccentricity on Pressure Loss. However, the novel proposed model showed the least discrepancy with the experimental data. Furthermore, it was found that the difference between the estimated and experimental results increases with increasing fluid yield stress. This suggests that models and/or correlations that are developed to correct for the eccentricity effect for fluids with negligible yield stress (for instance Power Law fluids) are not suitable to estimate the Pressure Loss for YPL fluids with elevated yield stress.
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Effect of Drillstring Deflection and Rotary Speed on Annular Frictional Pressure Losses
Volume 6: Polar and Arctic Sciences and Technology; Offshore Geotechnics; Petroleum Technology Symposium, 2013Co-Authors: Oney Erge, Stefan Z. Miska, Nicholas Takach, Mehmet E. Ozbayoglu, Arild Saasen, Roland MayAbstract:Keeping the drilling fluid equivalent circulating density in the operating window between the pore and fracture Pressure is a challenge, particularly when the gap between these two is narrow, such as in offshore applications. To overcome this challenge, accurate estimation of Frictional Pressure Loss in the annulus is essential, especially for multilateral, extended reach and slim hole drilling applications usually encountered in shale gas and/or oil drilling. A better estimation of Frictional Pressure Losses will provide improved well control, optimized bit hydraulics, a better drilling fluid program and pump selection. Field and experimental measurements showed that Pressure Loss in the annulus is strongly affected by the pipe rotation and eccentricity.Eccentricity will not be constant throughout a wellbore, especially in highly inclined and horizontal sections. In an actual wellbore, because of rotation speed and the applied weight, some portion of the drillstring will undergo compression. As a result, variable eccentricity will be encountered. At high compression, the drillstring will buckle, resulting in sinusoidal or helical buckling configurations.Most of the drilling fluids used today show highly non-Newtonian flow behavior, which can be characterized using the Yield Power Law (YPL). Nevertheless, in the literature, there is limited information and research on YPL fluids flowing through annular geometries with the inner pipe buckled, rotating, and eccentric. Furthermore, there are discrepancies reported between the estimated and measured Frictional Pressure Losses with or without drillstring rotation of YPL fluids, even when the inner pipe is straight.The major focus of this project is on a horizontal well setup with drillstring under compression, considering the influence of rotation on Frictional Pressure Losses of YPL fluids. The test matrix includes flow through the annulus for various buckling modes with and without rotation of the inner pipe. Sinusoidal, helical and transition from sinusoidal to helical configurations with and without the rotation of the drillstring are investigated. Results show a substantial difference of Frictional Pressure Losses between the non-compressed and compressed drillstring.The drilling industry has recently been involved in incidents that show the need for critical improvements for evaluating and avoiding risks in oil/gas drilling. The information obtained from this study can be used to improve the control of bottomhole Pressures during extended reach, horizontal, managed Pressure, offshore and slim hole drilling applications. This will lead to safer and enhanced optimization of drilling operations.Copyright © 2013 by ASME
Mehmet Evren Ozbayoglu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Frictional Pressure Loss of drilling fluids in a fully eccentric annulus
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2015Co-Authors: Oney Erge, Mehmet Evren Ozbayoglu, Ali Karimi Vajargah, Eric Van OortAbstract:Abstract It is common practice when drilling oil and gas wells to assume that the drillstring is placed concentrically in the annular space with either the open hole or previous casing strings in order to predict annular Frictional Pressure Losses. The assumption of such a concentric annulus is, however, a considerable simplification that may not properly reflect the majority of drilling applications in the field. In fact, with an increasing number of deviated/horizontal and extended reach wells being drilled, a fully eccentric annulus is actually present in a large section of the wellbore. In this study, we apply experimental, analytical, and numerical approaches to investigate the impact of drillpipe eccentricity on the annular Pressure Loss while circulating non-Newtonian drilling fluids. The length of the experimental section of a flow loop was 27.74 m (91′) and it consisted of 0.0245 m (1″) steel drillpipe and 0.0571 m (2.25″) acrylic casing with the inner diameter of 0.0508 m (2″). Drillpipe was placed at the bottom of the casing, thereby simulating a fully eccentric annulus. Four Yield Power Law (YPL) drilling fluids were tested in this flow loop. Annular Pressure Loss for a wide range of laminar flow rates was recorded for each fluid. A numerical model based on a finite difference approach was developed to estimate the annular Pressure Loss. Subsequently, the experimental data was compared with the proposed model and also with several other widely used analytical and numerical approaches previously reported in the literature. The obtained results show that in the laminar flow regime, the annular Frictional Pressure Loss in a fully eccentric annulus is considerably less than a concentric annulus, on occasions by less than 50%. In general, all the applied models under-estimated the effect of eccentricity on Pressure Loss. However, the novel proposed model showed the least discrepancy with the experimental data. Furthermore, it was found that the difference between the estimated and experimental results increases with increasing fluid yield stress. This suggests that models and/or correlations that are developed to correct for the eccentricity effect for fluids with negligible yield stress (for instance Power Law fluids) are not suitable to estimate the Pressure Loss for YPL fluids with elevated yield stress.
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predicting Frictional Pressure Loss during horizontal drilling for non newtonian fluids
Energy Sources Part A-recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects, 2011Co-Authors: Mehmet Sorgun, Mehmet Evren OzbayogluAbstract:Abstract Accurate estimation of the Frictional Pressure Losses for non-Newtonian drilling fluids inside annulus is quite important to determine pump rates and select mud pump systems during drilling operations. The purpose of this study is to estimate Frictional Pressure Loss and velocity profile of non-Newtonian drilling fluids in both concentric and eccentric annuli using an Eulerian-Eulerian computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. An extensive experimental program was performed in METU-PETE Flow Loop using two non-Newtonian drilling fluids including different concentrations of xanthan biopolimer, starch, KCl and soda ash, weighted with barite for different flow rates and Frictional Pressure Losses were recorded during each test. This study aims to simulate non-Newtonian fluids flow through both horizontal concentric and eccentric annulus and to predict Frictional Pressure Losses using an Eulerian-Eulerian computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Computational fluid dynamic simulations were performed...
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PHPA as a Frictional Pressure Loss Reducer and Its Pressure Loss Estimation
Petroleum Science and Technology, 2010Co-Authors: Mehmet Evren Ozbayoglu, C. ErcanAbstract:This article analyzes the performance of a liquid polymer emulsion containing partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide/polyacrylate (PHPA) copolymer as a circulating system Pressure Loss (drag) reducer. Straight cylindrical pipe flow experiments were performed at different concentrations of solutions for measuring Frictional Pressure Losses. Comparison of measured and theoretical Frictional Pressure Loss values showed that as the PHPA concentration increased, considerable drag reduction (as high as 60%) was achieved and the optimum PHPA concentration for drag reduction purposes was estimated as 0.0020 (v/v). A friction factor is developed as a function of PHPA concentration and Reynolds number, and the results show that the Pressure Losses can be estimated with an error less than 15% by using the proposed friction factor.
Stefan Z. Miska - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Equivalent circulating density modeling of Yield Power Law fluids validated with CFD approach
Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2016Co-Authors: Oney Erge, Evren Ozbayoglu, Stefan Z. Miska, Nicholas Takach, Arild Saasen, Roland MayAbstract:Abstract A numerical and experimental analysis is conducted on the flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in annuli. A numerical model is presented that accurately estimates the annular Frictional Pressure Losses with and without the inner pipe rotation. The numerical model is validated using a CFD software. Experiments are conducted at a 27 m long flow loop using various fluids that can be characterized as Yield Power Law (YPL). The results of the experiments are compared with the results obtained with the numerical model. Today, the most drilling fluids show YPL behavior. The proposed numerical model can calculate the equivalent circulating density while circulating YPL fluids accurately. The model is validated with a CFD software and compared with experimental results, the published experimental results and with the slot approximation. The results obtained from the numerical model shows good agreement with the experiments and also with the experimental results from the literature. The comparisons between the models indicate that the slot approximation can result in large errors especially when the diameter ratio is low, meaning the diameter of the inner pipe is significantly smaller compared to outer pipe. The numerical model is coupled with a stability criterion that determines the onset and offset of the transitional flow between laminar and turbulent regions of YPL fluids. Various degrees of eccentricity are analyzed in terms of Pressure profile and flow stability with the proposed method. This study contributes to a better understanding of flow in annuli. The results obtained from this study are useful to predict the transition and the annular Frictional Pressure Loss profiles more accurately than existing methods. Potential applications include risk avoidance and optimized operations.
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Frictional Pressure Losses
2015Co-Authors: Oney Erge, Stefan Z. Miska, Nicholas Takach, Mehmet E. Ozbayoglu, Arild Saasen, Det Norske, Oljeselskap AsaAbstract:Keeping the drilling fluid equivalent circulating density in the operating window between the pore and fracture Pressure is a challenge, particularly when the gap between these two is narrow, such as in offshore, extended reach, and slim hole drilling applications usually encountered in shale gas and/or oil drilling. To overcome this challenge, accu-rate estimation of Frictional Pressure Loss in the annulus is essential. A better estimation of Frictional Pressure Losses will enable improved well control, optimized bit hydraulics, a better drilling fluid program, and pump selection. Field and experimental measure-ments show that Pressure Loss in annuli is strongly affected by the pipe rotation and eccentricity. The major focus of this project is on a horizontal well setup with drillstring under compression, considering the influence of rotation on Frictional Pressure Losses of yield power law fluids. The test matrix includes flow through the annulus for various buckling modes with and without the rotation of the inner pipe. Sinusoidal, helical, and transition from sinusoidal to helical configurations with and without the drillstring rota-tion were investigated. Helical configurations with two different pitch lengths are com-pared. Eight yield power law fluids are tested and consistent results are observed. Th
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Effect of Drillstring Deflection and Rotary Speed on Annular Frictional Pressure Losses
Volume 6: Polar and Arctic Sciences and Technology; Offshore Geotechnics; Petroleum Technology Symposium, 2013Co-Authors: Oney Erge, Stefan Z. Miska, Nicholas Takach, Mehmet E. Ozbayoglu, Arild Saasen, Roland MayAbstract:Keeping the drilling fluid equivalent circulating density in the operating window between the pore and fracture Pressure is a challenge, particularly when the gap between these two is narrow, such as in offshore applications. To overcome this challenge, accurate estimation of Frictional Pressure Loss in the annulus is essential, especially for multilateral, extended reach and slim hole drilling applications usually encountered in shale gas and/or oil drilling. A better estimation of Frictional Pressure Losses will provide improved well control, optimized bit hydraulics, a better drilling fluid program and pump selection. Field and experimental measurements showed that Pressure Loss in the annulus is strongly affected by the pipe rotation and eccentricity.Eccentricity will not be constant throughout a wellbore, especially in highly inclined and horizontal sections. In an actual wellbore, because of rotation speed and the applied weight, some portion of the drillstring will undergo compression. As a result, variable eccentricity will be encountered. At high compression, the drillstring will buckle, resulting in sinusoidal or helical buckling configurations.Most of the drilling fluids used today show highly non-Newtonian flow behavior, which can be characterized using the Yield Power Law (YPL). Nevertheless, in the literature, there is limited information and research on YPL fluids flowing through annular geometries with the inner pipe buckled, rotating, and eccentric. Furthermore, there are discrepancies reported between the estimated and measured Frictional Pressure Losses with or without drillstring rotation of YPL fluids, even when the inner pipe is straight.The major focus of this project is on a horizontal well setup with drillstring under compression, considering the influence of rotation on Frictional Pressure Losses of YPL fluids. The test matrix includes flow through the annulus for various buckling modes with and without rotation of the inner pipe. Sinusoidal, helical and transition from sinusoidal to helical configurations with and without the rotation of the drillstring are investigated. Results show a substantial difference of Frictional Pressure Losses between the non-compressed and compressed drillstring.The drilling industry has recently been involved in incidents that show the need for critical improvements for evaluating and avoiding risks in oil/gas drilling. The information obtained from this study can be used to improve the control of bottomhole Pressures during extended reach, horizontal, managed Pressure, offshore and slim hole drilling applications. This will lead to safer and enhanced optimization of drilling operations.Copyright © 2013 by ASME
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The effect of drillpipe rotation on annular Frictional Pressure Loss
Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme, 1998Co-Authors: Stefan Z. Miska, P. Bern, Nicholas Takach, P. KennyAbstract:Accurate predictions of annular Frictional Pressure Losses (AFPL) are important for optimal hydraulic program design of both vertical and horizontal wells. In this study the effects of drillpipe rotation on AFPL for laminar, helical flow of power law fluids are investigated through theoretical, experimental and field data studies. In the theoretical study flow models were developed for concentric and eccentric pipe configurations assuming that pipe rotates about its axis. A hybrid-analytical solution is developed for calculating AFPL in eccentric pipe configuration. Computer simulations indicate that the shear-thinning effect induced by pipe rotation results in reduction of AFPL in both concentric and eccentric pipe configurations. The Pressure reduction is most significant for concentric pipe configuration. For conventional rotary drilling geometry and pipe rotary speeds the reduction in AFPL is small. A number of laboratory experiments conducted on the full-scale TUDRP flow loop are generally in good agreement with the results of modeling. Available field data, however, consistently show an increase in AFPL. This behavior is explained by pipe lateral movement (swirling), which causes turbulence and eventually an increase in AFPL.
Kaichiro Mishima - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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one dimensional interfacial area transport of vertical upward bubbly flow in narrow rectangular channel
International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 2012Co-Authors: Xiuzhong Shen, Takashi Hibiki, Takafumi Ono, Kenichi Sato, Kaichiro MishimaAbstract:Abstract The design and safety analysis for miniature heat exchangers, the cooling system of high performance microelectronics, research nuclear reactors, fusion reactors and the cooling system of the spallation neutron source targets requires the knowledge of the gas–liquid two-phase flow in a narrow rectangular channel. In this study, flow measurements of vertical upward air–water flows in a narrow rectangular channel with the gap of 0.993 mm and the width of 40.0 mm were performed at seven axial locations by using the imaging processing technique. The local Frictional Pressure Loss gradients were also measured by a differential Pressure cell. In the experiment, the superficial liquid velocity and the void fraction ranged from 0.214 m/s to 2.08 m/s and from 3.92% to 42.6%, respectively. The developing two-phase flow was characterized by the significant axial changes of the local flow parameters due to the bubble coalescence and breakup in the tested flow conditions. The existing two-phase Frictional multiplier correlations such as Chisholm (1967), Mishima et al. (1993) and Lee and Lee (2001) were verified to give a good prediction for the measured two-phase Frictional multiplier. The predictions of the drift-flux model with the rectangular channel distribution parameter correlation of Ishii (1977) and several existing drift velocity correlations of Ishii (1977), Hibiki and Ishii (2003) and Jones and Zuber (1979) agreed well with the measured void fractions and gas velocities. The interfacial area concentration (IAC) model of Hibiki and Ishii (2002) was modified by taking the channel width as the system length scale and the modified IAC model could predict the IAC and Sauter mean diameter acceptably.
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some characteristics of air water two phase flow in small diameter vertical tubes
International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1996Co-Authors: Kaichiro Mishima, Takashi HibikiAbstract:Abstract Flow regime, void fraction, rise velocity of slug bubbles and Frictional Pressure Loss were measured for air-water flows in capillary tubes with inner diameters in the range from 1 to 4 mm. Although some flow regimes peculiar to capillary tubes were observed in addition to commonly observed ones, overall trends of the boundaries between flow regimes were predicted well by Mishima-Ishii's model. The void fraction was correlated well by the drift flux model with a new equation for the distribution parameter as a function of inner diameter. The rise velocity of the slug bubbles was also correlated well by the drift flux equation. The Frictional Pressure Loss was reproduced well by Chisholm's equation with a new equation for Chisholm's parameter C as a function of inner diameter.
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some characteristics of gas liquid flow in narrow rectangular ducts
International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 1993Co-Authors: Kaichiro Mishima, Takashi Hibiki, Hideaki NishiharaAbstract:Abstract Flow regime, void fraction, slug bubble velocity and Pressure Loss were measured for rectangular ducts with a narrow gap and a large aspect ratio. The neutron radiography technique was used to visualize the flow and the void fraction was obtained by image processing. The void fraction was well-correlated by the drift flux model with the existing correlation for the distribution parameter, which was about 1.35. Similar results were obtained for the slug bubble velocity, however the distribution parameter was in the range 1.0–1.2. The Frictional Pressure Loss was well-correlated by the Chisholm-Laird correlation. In collaboration with previously obtained data, it was found that the Chisholm's parameter C , however, changed from 21 to 0 as the gap decreased.
