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Malaya R Nanda - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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catalytic conversion of glycerol for sustainable production of solketal as a Fuel Additive a review
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Yongsheng Zhang, Chunbao XuAbstract:The exponential growth of biodiesel industries all around the world has produced a large amount of glycerol as a byproduct, which must be valorized for the sustainability of the biodiesel industry. Ketalization of glycerol with acetone to synthesize solketal-a potential Fuel Additive is one of the most promising routes for valorization of glycerol. In this article, state-of-the-art of glycerol ketalization is reviewed, focusing on innovative and potential technologies towards sustainable production of solketal. The glycerol ketalization processes developed in both batch and continuous reactors and performance of some typical catalysts are compared. The mechanisms for the acid-catalyzed conversion of glycerol into solketal are presented. The main operation issues related to catalytic conversion of crude glycerol in a continuous-flow process and the direct use of crude glycerol are discussed.
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catalytic conversion of glycerol to oxygenated Fuel Additive in a continuous flow reactor process optimization
Fuel, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Marcandre Poirier, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Chunbao XuAbstract:Abstract A continuous-flow process using ethanol solvent and heterogeneous catalyst amberlyst-36 was developed for conversion of glycerol to solketal, an oxygenated Fuel Additive, and the process was optimized in this study using response surface methodology. A model was proposed based on Box-Behnken design. At optimum conditions (temperature of 25 °C, acetone-to-glycerol molar ratio of 4 and weight hour space velocity of 2 h−1) the maximum yield was obtained at 94 ± 2%. The presence of impurities such as water and salt in glycerol significantly reduced the yield at the optimum conditions. The catalyst could be regenerated and reused for 24 h with an insignificant sign of deactivation. The use of methanol as solvent at the optimal conditions proved to be potential in making the system more economical. The economic analysis for the process revealed the potential of converting glycerol into solketal – an alternative to methyl tert-butyl ether as Fuel Additive.
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a new continuous flow process for catalytic conversion of glycerol to oxygenated Fuel Additive catalyst screening
Applied Energy, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Marcandre Poirier, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Chunbao XuAbstract:A new continuous-flow reactor was designed for the conversion of glycerol to solketal, an oxygenated Fuel Additive, through ketalization with acetone. Six heterogeneous catalysts were investigated with respect to their catalytic activity and stability in a flow reactor. The acidity of the catalysts positively influences the catalyst’s activity. Among all the solid acid catalysts tested, the maximum solketal yield from experiments at 40°C, 600 psi and WHSV of 4h−1 attained 73% and 88% at the acetone/glycerol molar ratio of 2.0 and 6.0, respectively, with Amberlyst Wet. Based on the solketal yield and glycerol conversion results, the activity of all catalysts tested follows the following order of sequence: Amberlyst Wet≈Zeolite≈Amberlyst Dry>Zirconium Sulfate>Montmorillonite>Polymax. An increase in acetone/glycerol molar ratio or a decrease in WHSV enhanced the glycerol conversion as expected. This process offers an attractive route for converting glycerol, the main by-product of biodiesel, to solketal – a value-added green product with potential industrial applications as a valuable Fuel Additive or combustion promoter for gasoline engines.
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thermodynamic and kinetic studies of a catalytic process to convert glycerol into solketal as an oxygenated Fuel Additive
Fuel, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Marcandre Poirier, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Chunbao Charles XuAbstract:Abstract Glycerol is a byproduct of biodiesel industry and can be converted into high value-added applications. The heterogeneous ketalization of glycerol with acetone was conducted over a solid acid catalyst of Amberlyst-35 in a batch reactor. The thermodynamics and kinetics of the ketalization reaction for the synthesis of solketal were investigated. The reaction equilibrium constants were determined experimentally in the temperature range of 293–323 K, with which the following standard molar properties (at 298 K) were obtained: Δ H 0 = −30.1 ± 1.6 kJ mol −1 , Δ G 0 = −2.1 ± 0.1 kJ mol −1 , Δ S 0 = −0.1 ± 0.01 kJ mol −1 K −1 . Effects of various experimental conditions (stirring speed, catalyst addition amount, pressure, temperature, moisture content and the feed composition) on the reaction kinetics (glycerol conversion and solketal yield vs. time) were also investigated in this work. A two-parameter kinetic law based on a Langmuir–Hinshelwood rate expression was used. The activation energy of the overall ketalization reaction was determined to be 55.6 ± 3.1 kJ mol −1 . The obtained solketal could be synthesized from renewable resources like bioglycerol and biomass derived acetone, and seem to be a good candidate for different applications such as Fuel Additive and in pharmaceutical industries. The work is an important step for further development of a technology for the continuous synthesis and separation of solketal from glycerol and acetone.
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thermodynamic and kinetic studies of a catalytic process to convert glycerol into solketal as an oxygenated Fuel Additive
Fuel, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Wensheng Qin, Marcandre PoirierAbstract:Abstract Glycerol is a byproduct of biodiesel industry and can be converted into high value-added applications. The heterogeneous ketalization of glycerol with acetone was conducted over a solid acid catalyst of Amberlyst-35 in a batch reactor. The thermodynamics and kinetics of the ketalization reaction for the synthesis of solketal were investigated. The reaction equilibrium constants were determined experimentally in the temperature range of 293–323 K, with which the following standard molar properties (at 298 K) were obtained: Δ H 0 = −30.1 ± 1.6 kJ mol −1 , Δ G 0 = −2.1 ± 0.1 kJ mol −1 , Δ S 0 = −0.1 ± 0.01 kJ mol −1 K −1 . Effects of various experimental conditions (stirring speed, catalyst addition amount, pressure, temperature, moisture content and the feed composition) on the reaction kinetics (glycerol conversion and solketal yield vs. time) were also investigated in this work. A two-parameter kinetic law based on a Langmuir–Hinshelwood rate expression was used. The activation energy of the overall ketalization reaction was determined to be 55.6 ± 3.1 kJ mol −1 . The obtained solketal could be synthesized from renewable resources like bioglycerol and biomass derived acetone, and seem to be a good candidate for different applications such as Fuel Additive and in pharmaceutical industries. The work is an important step for further development of a technology for the continuous synthesis and separation of solketal from glycerol and acetone.
Hassan S Ghaziaskar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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on the exergetic optimization of solketalacetin synthesis as a green Fuel Additive through ketalization of glycerol derived monoacetin with acetone
Renewable Energy, 2018Co-Authors: Mortaza Aghbashlo, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Meisam Tabatabaei, Hajar Rastegari, Taha Roodbar ShojaeiAbstract:Abstract This study was devoted to an exergetically investigation and optimization of the operating conditions of an easy-to-scale-up continuous reactor applied for solketalacetin synthesis as a green Fuel Additive from glycerol-derived monoacetin in the presence of Purolite PD 206 catalyst. The process consisted of two steps, i.e., monoacetin synthesis by glycerol esterification with acetic acid followed by solketalacetin synthesis through reaction of the produced monoacetin with acetone. The main goal of this research was to assess the effects of reaction temperature (20–80 °C), acetone to monoacetin molar ratio (1–5), catalyst loading (0.5–2.5 g), feed flow rate (0.2–1 mL/min), and pressure (0–120 bar) on the exergetic performance parameters of the second stage of the process. Response surface methodology (RSM) was also used to optimize the operating conditions of the reactor by maximizing functional exergetic efficiency (FEE) and minimizing normalized exergy destruction (NED), simultaneously. Overall, feed flow rate had the highest impact on the exergetic performance parameters of the reactor while these indicators were not significantly influenced by pressure. RSM successfully modeled both exergetic parameters with an R2 higher than 0.99. Reaction temperature of 30.8 °C, acetone to monoacetin molar ratio of 2.7, catalyst loading of 1.6 g, feed flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, and pressure of 14.5 bar yielding FEE of 20.39% and NED of 0.90 were determined as the best operating conditions of the reactor. According to the results archived, process yield alone could not stand as the primary objective for making decisions on the optimal operating conditions of the chemical reactors, further highlighting the significance of taking energetic parameters into account in parallel.
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catalytic conversion of glycerol for sustainable production of solketal as a Fuel Additive a review
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Yongsheng Zhang, Chunbao XuAbstract:The exponential growth of biodiesel industries all around the world has produced a large amount of glycerol as a byproduct, which must be valorized for the sustainability of the biodiesel industry. Ketalization of glycerol with acetone to synthesize solketal-a potential Fuel Additive is one of the most promising routes for valorization of glycerol. In this article, state-of-the-art of glycerol ketalization is reviewed, focusing on innovative and potential technologies towards sustainable production of solketal. The glycerol ketalization processes developed in both batch and continuous reactors and performance of some typical catalysts are compared. The mechanisms for the acid-catalyzed conversion of glycerol into solketal are presented. The main operation issues related to catalytic conversion of crude glycerol in a continuous-flow process and the direct use of crude glycerol are discussed.
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catalytic conversion of glycerol to oxygenated Fuel Additive in a continuous flow reactor process optimization
Fuel, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Marcandre Poirier, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Chunbao XuAbstract:Abstract A continuous-flow process using ethanol solvent and heterogeneous catalyst amberlyst-36 was developed for conversion of glycerol to solketal, an oxygenated Fuel Additive, and the process was optimized in this study using response surface methodology. A model was proposed based on Box-Behnken design. At optimum conditions (temperature of 25 °C, acetone-to-glycerol molar ratio of 4 and weight hour space velocity of 2 h−1) the maximum yield was obtained at 94 ± 2%. The presence of impurities such as water and salt in glycerol significantly reduced the yield at the optimum conditions. The catalyst could be regenerated and reused for 24 h with an insignificant sign of deactivation. The use of methanol as solvent at the optimal conditions proved to be potential in making the system more economical. The economic analysis for the process revealed the potential of converting glycerol into solketal – an alternative to methyl tert-butyl ether as Fuel Additive.
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a new continuous flow process for catalytic conversion of glycerol to oxygenated Fuel Additive catalyst screening
Applied Energy, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Marcandre Poirier, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Chunbao XuAbstract:A new continuous-flow reactor was designed for the conversion of glycerol to solketal, an oxygenated Fuel Additive, through ketalization with acetone. Six heterogeneous catalysts were investigated with respect to their catalytic activity and stability in a flow reactor. The acidity of the catalysts positively influences the catalyst’s activity. Among all the solid acid catalysts tested, the maximum solketal yield from experiments at 40°C, 600 psi and WHSV of 4h−1 attained 73% and 88% at the acetone/glycerol molar ratio of 2.0 and 6.0, respectively, with Amberlyst Wet. Based on the solketal yield and glycerol conversion results, the activity of all catalysts tested follows the following order of sequence: Amberlyst Wet≈Zeolite≈Amberlyst Dry>Zirconium Sulfate>Montmorillonite>Polymax. An increase in acetone/glycerol molar ratio or a decrease in WHSV enhanced the glycerol conversion as expected. This process offers an attractive route for converting glycerol, the main by-product of biodiesel, to solketal – a value-added green product with potential industrial applications as a valuable Fuel Additive or combustion promoter for gasoline engines.
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thermodynamic and kinetic studies of a catalytic process to convert glycerol into solketal as an oxygenated Fuel Additive
Fuel, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Marcandre Poirier, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Chunbao Charles XuAbstract:Abstract Glycerol is a byproduct of biodiesel industry and can be converted into high value-added applications. The heterogeneous ketalization of glycerol with acetone was conducted over a solid acid catalyst of Amberlyst-35 in a batch reactor. The thermodynamics and kinetics of the ketalization reaction for the synthesis of solketal were investigated. The reaction equilibrium constants were determined experimentally in the temperature range of 293–323 K, with which the following standard molar properties (at 298 K) were obtained: Δ H 0 = −30.1 ± 1.6 kJ mol −1 , Δ G 0 = −2.1 ± 0.1 kJ mol −1 , Δ S 0 = −0.1 ± 0.01 kJ mol −1 K −1 . Effects of various experimental conditions (stirring speed, catalyst addition amount, pressure, temperature, moisture content and the feed composition) on the reaction kinetics (glycerol conversion and solketal yield vs. time) were also investigated in this work. A two-parameter kinetic law based on a Langmuir–Hinshelwood rate expression was used. The activation energy of the overall ketalization reaction was determined to be 55.6 ± 3.1 kJ mol −1 . The obtained solketal could be synthesized from renewable resources like bioglycerol and biomass derived acetone, and seem to be a good candidate for different applications such as Fuel Additive and in pharmaceutical industries. The work is an important step for further development of a technology for the continuous synthesis and separation of solketal from glycerol and acetone.
Chunbao Xu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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catalytic conversion of glycerol for sustainable production of solketal as a Fuel Additive a review
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Yongsheng Zhang, Chunbao XuAbstract:The exponential growth of biodiesel industries all around the world has produced a large amount of glycerol as a byproduct, which must be valorized for the sustainability of the biodiesel industry. Ketalization of glycerol with acetone to synthesize solketal-a potential Fuel Additive is one of the most promising routes for valorization of glycerol. In this article, state-of-the-art of glycerol ketalization is reviewed, focusing on innovative and potential technologies towards sustainable production of solketal. The glycerol ketalization processes developed in both batch and continuous reactors and performance of some typical catalysts are compared. The mechanisms for the acid-catalyzed conversion of glycerol into solketal are presented. The main operation issues related to catalytic conversion of crude glycerol in a continuous-flow process and the direct use of crude glycerol are discussed.
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catalytic conversion of glycerol to oxygenated Fuel Additive in a continuous flow reactor process optimization
Fuel, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Marcandre Poirier, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Chunbao XuAbstract:Abstract A continuous-flow process using ethanol solvent and heterogeneous catalyst amberlyst-36 was developed for conversion of glycerol to solketal, an oxygenated Fuel Additive, and the process was optimized in this study using response surface methodology. A model was proposed based on Box-Behnken design. At optimum conditions (temperature of 25 °C, acetone-to-glycerol molar ratio of 4 and weight hour space velocity of 2 h−1) the maximum yield was obtained at 94 ± 2%. The presence of impurities such as water and salt in glycerol significantly reduced the yield at the optimum conditions. The catalyst could be regenerated and reused for 24 h with an insignificant sign of deactivation. The use of methanol as solvent at the optimal conditions proved to be potential in making the system more economical. The economic analysis for the process revealed the potential of converting glycerol into solketal – an alternative to methyl tert-butyl ether as Fuel Additive.
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a new continuous flow process for catalytic conversion of glycerol to oxygenated Fuel Additive catalyst screening
Applied Energy, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Marcandre Poirier, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Chunbao XuAbstract:A new continuous-flow reactor was designed for the conversion of glycerol to solketal, an oxygenated Fuel Additive, through ketalization with acetone. Six heterogeneous catalysts were investigated with respect to their catalytic activity and stability in a flow reactor. The acidity of the catalysts positively influences the catalyst’s activity. Among all the solid acid catalysts tested, the maximum solketal yield from experiments at 40°C, 600 psi and WHSV of 4h−1 attained 73% and 88% at the acetone/glycerol molar ratio of 2.0 and 6.0, respectively, with Amberlyst Wet. Based on the solketal yield and glycerol conversion results, the activity of all catalysts tested follows the following order of sequence: Amberlyst Wet≈Zeolite≈Amberlyst Dry>Zirconium Sulfate>Montmorillonite>Polymax. An increase in acetone/glycerol molar ratio or a decrease in WHSV enhanced the glycerol conversion as expected. This process offers an attractive route for converting glycerol, the main by-product of biodiesel, to solketal – a value-added green product with potential industrial applications as a valuable Fuel Additive or combustion promoter for gasoline engines.
Zhongshun Yuan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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catalytic conversion of glycerol for sustainable production of solketal as a Fuel Additive a review
Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Yongsheng Zhang, Chunbao XuAbstract:The exponential growth of biodiesel industries all around the world has produced a large amount of glycerol as a byproduct, which must be valorized for the sustainability of the biodiesel industry. Ketalization of glycerol with acetone to synthesize solketal-a potential Fuel Additive is one of the most promising routes for valorization of glycerol. In this article, state-of-the-art of glycerol ketalization is reviewed, focusing on innovative and potential technologies towards sustainable production of solketal. The glycerol ketalization processes developed in both batch and continuous reactors and performance of some typical catalysts are compared. The mechanisms for the acid-catalyzed conversion of glycerol into solketal are presented. The main operation issues related to catalytic conversion of crude glycerol in a continuous-flow process and the direct use of crude glycerol are discussed.
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catalytic conversion of glycerol to oxygenated Fuel Additive in a continuous flow reactor process optimization
Fuel, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Marcandre Poirier, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Chunbao XuAbstract:Abstract A continuous-flow process using ethanol solvent and heterogeneous catalyst amberlyst-36 was developed for conversion of glycerol to solketal, an oxygenated Fuel Additive, and the process was optimized in this study using response surface methodology. A model was proposed based on Box-Behnken design. At optimum conditions (temperature of 25 °C, acetone-to-glycerol molar ratio of 4 and weight hour space velocity of 2 h−1) the maximum yield was obtained at 94 ± 2%. The presence of impurities such as water and salt in glycerol significantly reduced the yield at the optimum conditions. The catalyst could be regenerated and reused for 24 h with an insignificant sign of deactivation. The use of methanol as solvent at the optimal conditions proved to be potential in making the system more economical. The economic analysis for the process revealed the potential of converting glycerol into solketal – an alternative to methyl tert-butyl ether as Fuel Additive.
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a new continuous flow process for catalytic conversion of glycerol to oxygenated Fuel Additive catalyst screening
Applied Energy, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Marcandre Poirier, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Chunbao XuAbstract:A new continuous-flow reactor was designed for the conversion of glycerol to solketal, an oxygenated Fuel Additive, through ketalization with acetone. Six heterogeneous catalysts were investigated with respect to their catalytic activity and stability in a flow reactor. The acidity of the catalysts positively influences the catalyst’s activity. Among all the solid acid catalysts tested, the maximum solketal yield from experiments at 40°C, 600 psi and WHSV of 4h−1 attained 73% and 88% at the acetone/glycerol molar ratio of 2.0 and 6.0, respectively, with Amberlyst Wet. Based on the solketal yield and glycerol conversion results, the activity of all catalysts tested follows the following order of sequence: Amberlyst Wet≈Zeolite≈Amberlyst Dry>Zirconium Sulfate>Montmorillonite>Polymax. An increase in acetone/glycerol molar ratio or a decrease in WHSV enhanced the glycerol conversion as expected. This process offers an attractive route for converting glycerol, the main by-product of biodiesel, to solketal – a value-added green product with potential industrial applications as a valuable Fuel Additive or combustion promoter for gasoline engines.
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thermodynamic and kinetic studies of a catalytic process to convert glycerol into solketal as an oxygenated Fuel Additive
Fuel, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Marcandre Poirier, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Chunbao Charles XuAbstract:Abstract Glycerol is a byproduct of biodiesel industry and can be converted into high value-added applications. The heterogeneous ketalization of glycerol with acetone was conducted over a solid acid catalyst of Amberlyst-35 in a batch reactor. The thermodynamics and kinetics of the ketalization reaction for the synthesis of solketal were investigated. The reaction equilibrium constants were determined experimentally in the temperature range of 293–323 K, with which the following standard molar properties (at 298 K) were obtained: Δ H 0 = −30.1 ± 1.6 kJ mol −1 , Δ G 0 = −2.1 ± 0.1 kJ mol −1 , Δ S 0 = −0.1 ± 0.01 kJ mol −1 K −1 . Effects of various experimental conditions (stirring speed, catalyst addition amount, pressure, temperature, moisture content and the feed composition) on the reaction kinetics (glycerol conversion and solketal yield vs. time) were also investigated in this work. A two-parameter kinetic law based on a Langmuir–Hinshelwood rate expression was used. The activation energy of the overall ketalization reaction was determined to be 55.6 ± 3.1 kJ mol −1 . The obtained solketal could be synthesized from renewable resources like bioglycerol and biomass derived acetone, and seem to be a good candidate for different applications such as Fuel Additive and in pharmaceutical industries. The work is an important step for further development of a technology for the continuous synthesis and separation of solketal from glycerol and acetone.
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thermodynamic and kinetic studies of a catalytic process to convert glycerol into solketal as an oxygenated Fuel Additive
Fuel, 2014Co-Authors: Malaya R Nanda, Hassan S Ghaziaskar, Zhongshun Yuan, Wensheng Qin, Marcandre PoirierAbstract:Abstract Glycerol is a byproduct of biodiesel industry and can be converted into high value-added applications. The heterogeneous ketalization of glycerol with acetone was conducted over a solid acid catalyst of Amberlyst-35 in a batch reactor. The thermodynamics and kinetics of the ketalization reaction for the synthesis of solketal were investigated. The reaction equilibrium constants were determined experimentally in the temperature range of 293–323 K, with which the following standard molar properties (at 298 K) were obtained: Δ H 0 = −30.1 ± 1.6 kJ mol −1 , Δ G 0 = −2.1 ± 0.1 kJ mol −1 , Δ S 0 = −0.1 ± 0.01 kJ mol −1 K −1 . Effects of various experimental conditions (stirring speed, catalyst addition amount, pressure, temperature, moisture content and the feed composition) on the reaction kinetics (glycerol conversion and solketal yield vs. time) were also investigated in this work. A two-parameter kinetic law based on a Langmuir–Hinshelwood rate expression was used. The activation energy of the overall ketalization reaction was determined to be 55.6 ± 3.1 kJ mol −1 . The obtained solketal could be synthesized from renewable resources like bioglycerol and biomass derived acetone, and seem to be a good candidate for different applications such as Fuel Additive and in pharmaceutical industries. The work is an important step for further development of a technology for the continuous synthesis and separation of solketal from glycerol and acetone.
G.a Stratakis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Thermogravimetric analysis of soot emitted by a modern diesel engine run on catalyst-doped Fuel
Combustion and Flame, 2003Co-Authors: G.a Stratakis, Anastasios M. StamatelosAbstract:Understanding the mechanisms that affect catalytic activity in porous ceramic diesel particulate filters (DPF) at the temperature range 200 to 400°C is important for the successful modeling of the initiation and evolution of catalytic regeneration by use of Fuel Additives. This refers not only to the dry carbon particulate, but also to the volatile hydrocarbons adsorbed on it. In this paper, a detailed analysis of the hydrocarbon adsorption-desorption and oxidation behavior of diesel particulate emitted by a modern diesel engine and collected on a SiC diesel filter is performed by use of thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis (TGA-DSC). Non-isothermal tests were performed with samples collected directly from a ceramic filter connected to the exhaust system of the diesel engine running under low and medium speed and load operating conditions with and without Fuel Additive. Fuel Additive concentration was varied to investigate its effect on the soot oxidation behavior. Based on the TGA data, the kinetic parameters of the soot oxidation reaction were calculated. The effect of volatile adsorbed hydrocarbons on the soot oxidation reaction was evaluated by comparing the calculated activation energies for samples collected from the center and the periphery of the filter at various exhaust temperatures prevailing at filter loading phase. In particular it was seen that the catalytic activity of the Fuel Additive is enhanced by the presence of the volatile organic components.
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Thermogravimetric analysis of soot emitted by a modern diesel engine run on catalyst-doped Fuel
Combustion and Flame, 2003Co-Authors: G.a StratakisAbstract:Understanding the mechanisms that affect catalytic activity in porous ceramic diesel particulate filters (DPF) at the temperature range 200 to 400degreesC is important for the successful modeling of the initiation and evolution of catalytic regeneration by use of Fuel Additives. This refers not only to the dry carbon particulate, but also to the volatile hydrocarbons adsorbed on it. In this paper, a detailed analysis of the hydrocarbon adsorption-desorption and oxidation behavior of diesel particulate emitted by a modern diesel engine and collected on a SiC diesel filter is performed by use of thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis (TGA-DSC). Non-isothermal tests were performed with samples collected directly from a ceramic filter connected to the exhaust system of the diesel engine running under low and medium speed and load operating conditions with and without Fuel Additive. Fuel Additive concentration was varied to investigate its effect on the soot oxidation behavior. Based on the TGA data, the kinetic parameters of the soot oxidation reaction were calculated. The effect of volatile adsorbed hydrocarbons on the soot oxidation reaction was evaluated by comparing the calculated activation energies for samples collected from the center and the periphery of the filter at various exhaust temperatures prevailing at filter loading phase. In particular it was seen that the catalytic activity of the Fuel Additive is enhanced by the presence of the volatile organic components. (C) 2003 The Combustion Institute. All rights reserved
