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Andreas Hejnol - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gene expression in bryozoan larvae suggest a Fundamental Importance of pre patterned blastemic cells in the bryozoan life cycle
Evodevo, 2011Co-Authors: Judith Fuchs, Mark Q Martindale, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Bryozoa is a clade of aquatic protostomes. The bryozoan life cycle typically comprises a larval stage, which metamorphoses into a sessile adult that proliferates by asexual budding to form colonies. The homology of bryozoan larvae with other protostome larvae is enigmatic. Bryozoan larvae exhibit blastemic tissues that contribute to build the adult during morphogenesis. However, it remains unclear if the cells of these tissues are pre-determined according to their future fate or if the cells are undifferentiated, pluripotent stem cells. Gene expression studies can help to identify molecular patterning of larval and adult tissues and enlighten the evolution of bryozoan life cycle stages. We investigated the spatial expression of 13 developmental genes in the larval stage of the gymnolaemate bryozoan Bugula neritina. We found most genes expressed in discrete regions in larval blastemic tissues that form definitive components of the adult body plan. Only two of the 13 genes, BnTropomyosin and BnFoxAB, were exclusively expressed in larval tissues that are discarded during metamorphosis. Our results suggest that the larval blastemas in Bugula are pre-patterned according to their future fate in the adult. The gene expression patterns indicate that some of the bryozoan blastemas can be interpreted to correspond to homologous adult tissues of other animals. This study challenges an earlier proposed view that metazoan larvae share homologous undifferentiated "set-aside cells", and instead points to an independent origin of the bryozoan larval stage with respect to other lophotrochozoans.
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Gene expression in bryozoan larvae suggest a Fundamental Importance of pre-patterned blastemic cells in the bryozoan life-cycle
EvoDevo, 2011Co-Authors: Judith Fuchs, Mark Q Martindale, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Background Bryozoa is a clade of aquatic protostomes. The bryozoan life cycle typically comprises a larval stage, which metamorphoses into a sessile adult that proliferates by asexual budding to form colonies. The homology of bryozoan larvae with other protostome larvae is enigmatic. Bryozoan larvae exhibit blastemic tissues that contribute to build the adult during morphogenesis. However, it remains unclear if the cells of these tissues are pre-determined according to their future fate or if the cells are undifferentiated, pluripotent stem cells. Gene expression studies can help to identify molecular patterning of larval and adult tissues and enlighten the evolution of bryozoan life cycle stages. Results We investigated the spatial expression of 13 developmental genes in the larval stage of the gymnolaemate bryozoan Bugula neritina . We found most genes expressed in discrete regions in larval blastemic tissues that form definitive components of the adult body plan. Only two of the 13 genes, BnTropomyosin and BnFoxAB , were exclusively expressed in larval tissues that are discarded during metamorphosis. Conclusions Our results suggest that the larval blastemas in Bugula are pre-patterned according to their future fate in the adult. The gene expression patterns indicate that some of the bryozoan blastemas can be interpreted to correspond to homologous adult tissues of other animals. This study challenges an earlier proposed view that metazoan larvae share homologous undifferentiated "set-aside cells", and instead points to an independent origin of the bryozoan larval stage with respect to other lophotrochozoans.
Egbert Zojer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of bidirectional charge transfer and molecular distortions on the electronic structure of a metal organic interface
Physical Review Letters, 2007Co-Authors: Lorenz Romaner, Georg Heimel, Jeanluc Bredas, Alexander Gerlach, Frank Schreiber, R L Johnson, J Zegenhagen, Steffen Duhm, Norbert Koch, Egbert ZojerAbstract:Interface energetics are of Fundamental Importance in organic and molecular electronics. By combining complementary experimental techniques and first-principles calculations, we resolve the complex interplay among several interfacial phenomena that collectively determine the electronic structure of the strong electron acceptor tetrafluoro-tetracyanoquinodimethane chemisorbed on copper. The combination of adsorption-induced geometric distortion of the molecules, metal-to-molecule charge transfer, and molecule-to-metal back transfer leads to a net increase of the metal work function.
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impact of bidirectional charge transfer and molecular distortions on the electronic structure of a metal organic interface
Physical Review Letters, 2007Co-Authors: Lorenz Romaner, Georg Heimel, Jeanluc Bredas, Alexander Gerlach, Frank Schreiber, R L Johnson, J Zegenhagen, Steffen Duhm, Norbert Koch, Egbert ZojerAbstract:(Received 31 August 2007; published 18 December 2007)Interface energetics are of Fundamental Importance in organic and molecular electronics. By combiningcomplementary experimental techniques and first-principles calculations, we resolve the complex inter-play among several interfacial phenomena that collectively determine the electronic structure of the strongelectron acceptor tetrafluoro-tetracyanoquinodimethane chemisorbed on copper. The combination ofadsorption-induced geometric distortion of the molecules, metal-to-molecule charge transfer, andmolecule-to-metal back transfer leads to a net increase of the metal work function.
Judith Fuchs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gene expression in bryozoan larvae suggest a Fundamental Importance of pre patterned blastemic cells in the bryozoan life cycle
Evodevo, 2011Co-Authors: Judith Fuchs, Mark Q Martindale, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Bryozoa is a clade of aquatic protostomes. The bryozoan life cycle typically comprises a larval stage, which metamorphoses into a sessile adult that proliferates by asexual budding to form colonies. The homology of bryozoan larvae with other protostome larvae is enigmatic. Bryozoan larvae exhibit blastemic tissues that contribute to build the adult during morphogenesis. However, it remains unclear if the cells of these tissues are pre-determined according to their future fate or if the cells are undifferentiated, pluripotent stem cells. Gene expression studies can help to identify molecular patterning of larval and adult tissues and enlighten the evolution of bryozoan life cycle stages. We investigated the spatial expression of 13 developmental genes in the larval stage of the gymnolaemate bryozoan Bugula neritina. We found most genes expressed in discrete regions in larval blastemic tissues that form definitive components of the adult body plan. Only two of the 13 genes, BnTropomyosin and BnFoxAB, were exclusively expressed in larval tissues that are discarded during metamorphosis. Our results suggest that the larval blastemas in Bugula are pre-patterned according to their future fate in the adult. The gene expression patterns indicate that some of the bryozoan blastemas can be interpreted to correspond to homologous adult tissues of other animals. This study challenges an earlier proposed view that metazoan larvae share homologous undifferentiated "set-aside cells", and instead points to an independent origin of the bryozoan larval stage with respect to other lophotrochozoans.
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Gene expression in bryozoan larvae suggest a Fundamental Importance of pre-patterned blastemic cells in the bryozoan life-cycle
EvoDevo, 2011Co-Authors: Judith Fuchs, Mark Q Martindale, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Background Bryozoa is a clade of aquatic protostomes. The bryozoan life cycle typically comprises a larval stage, which metamorphoses into a sessile adult that proliferates by asexual budding to form colonies. The homology of bryozoan larvae with other protostome larvae is enigmatic. Bryozoan larvae exhibit blastemic tissues that contribute to build the adult during morphogenesis. However, it remains unclear if the cells of these tissues are pre-determined according to their future fate or if the cells are undifferentiated, pluripotent stem cells. Gene expression studies can help to identify molecular patterning of larval and adult tissues and enlighten the evolution of bryozoan life cycle stages. Results We investigated the spatial expression of 13 developmental genes in the larval stage of the gymnolaemate bryozoan Bugula neritina . We found most genes expressed in discrete regions in larval blastemic tissues that form definitive components of the adult body plan. Only two of the 13 genes, BnTropomyosin and BnFoxAB , were exclusively expressed in larval tissues that are discarded during metamorphosis. Conclusions Our results suggest that the larval blastemas in Bugula are pre-patterned according to their future fate in the adult. The gene expression patterns indicate that some of the bryozoan blastemas can be interpreted to correspond to homologous adult tissues of other animals. This study challenges an earlier proposed view that metazoan larvae share homologous undifferentiated "set-aside cells", and instead points to an independent origin of the bryozoan larval stage with respect to other lophotrochozoans.
Mark Q Martindale - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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gene expression in bryozoan larvae suggest a Fundamental Importance of pre patterned blastemic cells in the bryozoan life cycle
Evodevo, 2011Co-Authors: Judith Fuchs, Mark Q Martindale, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Bryozoa is a clade of aquatic protostomes. The bryozoan life cycle typically comprises a larval stage, which metamorphoses into a sessile adult that proliferates by asexual budding to form colonies. The homology of bryozoan larvae with other protostome larvae is enigmatic. Bryozoan larvae exhibit blastemic tissues that contribute to build the adult during morphogenesis. However, it remains unclear if the cells of these tissues are pre-determined according to their future fate or if the cells are undifferentiated, pluripotent stem cells. Gene expression studies can help to identify molecular patterning of larval and adult tissues and enlighten the evolution of bryozoan life cycle stages. We investigated the spatial expression of 13 developmental genes in the larval stage of the gymnolaemate bryozoan Bugula neritina. We found most genes expressed in discrete regions in larval blastemic tissues that form definitive components of the adult body plan. Only two of the 13 genes, BnTropomyosin and BnFoxAB, were exclusively expressed in larval tissues that are discarded during metamorphosis. Our results suggest that the larval blastemas in Bugula are pre-patterned according to their future fate in the adult. The gene expression patterns indicate that some of the bryozoan blastemas can be interpreted to correspond to homologous adult tissues of other animals. This study challenges an earlier proposed view that metazoan larvae share homologous undifferentiated "set-aside cells", and instead points to an independent origin of the bryozoan larval stage with respect to other lophotrochozoans.
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Gene expression in bryozoan larvae suggest a Fundamental Importance of pre-patterned blastemic cells in the bryozoan life-cycle
EvoDevo, 2011Co-Authors: Judith Fuchs, Mark Q Martindale, Andreas HejnolAbstract:Background Bryozoa is a clade of aquatic protostomes. The bryozoan life cycle typically comprises a larval stage, which metamorphoses into a sessile adult that proliferates by asexual budding to form colonies. The homology of bryozoan larvae with other protostome larvae is enigmatic. Bryozoan larvae exhibit blastemic tissues that contribute to build the adult during morphogenesis. However, it remains unclear if the cells of these tissues are pre-determined according to their future fate or if the cells are undifferentiated, pluripotent stem cells. Gene expression studies can help to identify molecular patterning of larval and adult tissues and enlighten the evolution of bryozoan life cycle stages. Results We investigated the spatial expression of 13 developmental genes in the larval stage of the gymnolaemate bryozoan Bugula neritina . We found most genes expressed in discrete regions in larval blastemic tissues that form definitive components of the adult body plan. Only two of the 13 genes, BnTropomyosin and BnFoxAB , were exclusively expressed in larval tissues that are discarded during metamorphosis. Conclusions Our results suggest that the larval blastemas in Bugula are pre-patterned according to their future fate in the adult. The gene expression patterns indicate that some of the bryozoan blastemas can be interpreted to correspond to homologous adult tissues of other animals. This study challenges an earlier proposed view that metazoan larvae share homologous undifferentiated "set-aside cells", and instead points to an independent origin of the bryozoan larval stage with respect to other lophotrochozoans.
Lorenz Romaner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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impact of bidirectional charge transfer and molecular distortions on the electronic structure of a metal organic interface
Physical Review Letters, 2007Co-Authors: Lorenz Romaner, Georg Heimel, Jeanluc Bredas, Alexander Gerlach, Frank Schreiber, R L Johnson, J Zegenhagen, Steffen Duhm, Norbert Koch, Egbert ZojerAbstract:Interface energetics are of Fundamental Importance in organic and molecular electronics. By combining complementary experimental techniques and first-principles calculations, we resolve the complex interplay among several interfacial phenomena that collectively determine the electronic structure of the strong electron acceptor tetrafluoro-tetracyanoquinodimethane chemisorbed on copper. The combination of adsorption-induced geometric distortion of the molecules, metal-to-molecule charge transfer, and molecule-to-metal back transfer leads to a net increase of the metal work function.
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impact of bidirectional charge transfer and molecular distortions on the electronic structure of a metal organic interface
Physical Review Letters, 2007Co-Authors: Lorenz Romaner, Georg Heimel, Jeanluc Bredas, Alexander Gerlach, Frank Schreiber, R L Johnson, J Zegenhagen, Steffen Duhm, Norbert Koch, Egbert ZojerAbstract:(Received 31 August 2007; published 18 December 2007)Interface energetics are of Fundamental Importance in organic and molecular electronics. By combiningcomplementary experimental techniques and first-principles calculations, we resolve the complex inter-play among several interfacial phenomena that collectively determine the electronic structure of the strongelectron acceptor tetrafluoro-tetracyanoquinodimethane chemisorbed on copper. The combination ofadsorption-induced geometric distortion of the molecules, metal-to-molecule charge transfer, andmolecule-to-metal back transfer leads to a net increase of the metal work function.
