The Experts below are selected from a list of 279 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bernard De Baets - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Analysis of spatio-temporal Fungal Growth dynamics under different environmental conditions
IMA fungus, 2019Co-Authors: Liselotte De Ligne, Guillermo Vidal Diez De Ulzurrun, Jan M. Baetens, Jan Van Den Bulcke, Joris Van Acker, Bernard De BaetsAbstract:Traditionally, Fungal Growth dynamics were assessed manually, limiting the research to a few environmental conditions and/or Fungal species. Fortunately, more automated ways of measurement are gaining momentum due to the availability of cheap imaging and processing equipment and the development of dedicated image analysis algorithms. In this paper, we use image analysis to assess the impact of environmental conditions on the Growth dynamics of two economically important Fungal species, Coniophora puteana and Rhizoctonia solani. Sixteen environmental conditions combining four temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) and four relative humidity (RH) conditions (65, 70, 75 and 80% RH) were tested. Fungal Growth characteristics were extracted from images of the growing fungi, taken at regular points in time. Advanced time series analysis was applied to quantitatively compare the effect of the environmental conditions on these Growth characteristics. The evolution of the mycelial area and the number of tips over time resulted in typical sigmoidal Growth curves. Other Growth characteristics such as the mean hyphal segment length did not vary significantly over time. Temperature and RH usually had a combined effect on the Growth dynamics of the mycelial area and the number of tips. When defining optimal Growth conditions for a fungus, it is therefore of primordial importance that the effect of temperature and RH is assessed simultaneously. At the most extreme conditions we tested, the mycelium most probably experienced water stress when developing over the inert Petri dish surface. An RH of 65% (independent of temperature) for C. puteana and a temperature of 30 °C (independent of RH) for both C. puteana and R. solani therefore always resulted in limited Fungal Growth, while the optimal growing conditions were at 20 °C and 75% RH and at 25 °C and 80% RH for R. solani and at 20 °C and 75% RH for C. puteana. The method applied in this study offers an updated and broader alternative to classical and narrowly focused studies on Fungal Growth dynamics, and is well suited to efficiently assess the effect of environmental conditions on Fungal Growth.
-
Impact of temperature and relative humidity on spatio-temporal Fungal Growth dynamics of Basidiomycetes
2018Co-Authors: Liselotte De Ligne, Guillermo Vidal Diez De Ulzurrun, Jan M. Baetens, Jan Van Den Bulcke, Bernard De Baets, Joris Van AckerAbstract:Basidiomycetes can cause considerable damage to wood and other bio-based building materials. Knowing at which environmental conditions these decay fungi generally thrive, and how the environmental conditions affect Fungal Growth characteristics, is therefore of particular interest. In this paper, we use image analysis to assess the impact of the environmental conditions on the Growth dynamics of Coniophora puteana. Fungal Growth characteristics were tracked over time for sixteen different environmental conditions, obtained through a combination of four temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) and four relative humidity (RH) conditions (65, 70, 75 and 80 % RH). Advanced time series analysis was applied to objectively compare the effect of the environmental conditions on these Growth characteristics. In most cases, temperature and RH had a combined effect on Fungal Growth dynamics, yet an RH of 65% (independent of temperature) and a temperature of 30°C (independent of RH) resulted in a cease of Growth after 10 hours. When defining optimal Growth conditions for a fungus, it is therefore of primordial importance that the effect of temperature and RH is assessed simultaneously. The mycelial area and the number of tips were characterized by typical sigmoidal Growth curves, whereas other characteristics such as the mean edge length remained constant over time. The method applied in this study allows for a quantitative and thus objective comparison of spatio-temporal Fungal dynamics. Therefore, it can easily be employed for testing other factors influencing Fungal Growth, including different Growth substrates.
Liselotte De Ligne - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Analysis of spatio-temporal Fungal Growth dynamics under different environmental conditions
IMA fungus, 2019Co-Authors: Liselotte De Ligne, Guillermo Vidal Diez De Ulzurrun, Jan M. Baetens, Jan Van Den Bulcke, Joris Van Acker, Bernard De BaetsAbstract:Traditionally, Fungal Growth dynamics were assessed manually, limiting the research to a few environmental conditions and/or Fungal species. Fortunately, more automated ways of measurement are gaining momentum due to the availability of cheap imaging and processing equipment and the development of dedicated image analysis algorithms. In this paper, we use image analysis to assess the impact of environmental conditions on the Growth dynamics of two economically important Fungal species, Coniophora puteana and Rhizoctonia solani. Sixteen environmental conditions combining four temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) and four relative humidity (RH) conditions (65, 70, 75 and 80% RH) were tested. Fungal Growth characteristics were extracted from images of the growing fungi, taken at regular points in time. Advanced time series analysis was applied to quantitatively compare the effect of the environmental conditions on these Growth characteristics. The evolution of the mycelial area and the number of tips over time resulted in typical sigmoidal Growth curves. Other Growth characteristics such as the mean hyphal segment length did not vary significantly over time. Temperature and RH usually had a combined effect on the Growth dynamics of the mycelial area and the number of tips. When defining optimal Growth conditions for a fungus, it is therefore of primordial importance that the effect of temperature and RH is assessed simultaneously. At the most extreme conditions we tested, the mycelium most probably experienced water stress when developing over the inert Petri dish surface. An RH of 65% (independent of temperature) for C. puteana and a temperature of 30 °C (independent of RH) for both C. puteana and R. solani therefore always resulted in limited Fungal Growth, while the optimal growing conditions were at 20 °C and 75% RH and at 25 °C and 80% RH for R. solani and at 20 °C and 75% RH for C. puteana. The method applied in this study offers an updated and broader alternative to classical and narrowly focused studies on Fungal Growth dynamics, and is well suited to efficiently assess the effect of environmental conditions on Fungal Growth.
-
Impact of temperature and relative humidity on spatio-temporal Fungal Growth dynamics of Basidiomycetes
2018Co-Authors: Liselotte De Ligne, Guillermo Vidal Diez De Ulzurrun, Jan M. Baetens, Jan Van Den Bulcke, Bernard De Baets, Joris Van AckerAbstract:Basidiomycetes can cause considerable damage to wood and other bio-based building materials. Knowing at which environmental conditions these decay fungi generally thrive, and how the environmental conditions affect Fungal Growth characteristics, is therefore of particular interest. In this paper, we use image analysis to assess the impact of the environmental conditions on the Growth dynamics of Coniophora puteana. Fungal Growth characteristics were tracked over time for sixteen different environmental conditions, obtained through a combination of four temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) and four relative humidity (RH) conditions (65, 70, 75 and 80 % RH). Advanced time series analysis was applied to objectively compare the effect of the environmental conditions on these Growth characteristics. In most cases, temperature and RH had a combined effect on Fungal Growth dynamics, yet an RH of 65% (independent of temperature) and a temperature of 30°C (independent of RH) resulted in a cease of Growth after 10 hours. When defining optimal Growth conditions for a fungus, it is therefore of primordial importance that the effect of temperature and RH is assessed simultaneously. The mycelial area and the number of tips were characterized by typical sigmoidal Growth curves, whereas other characteristics such as the mean edge length remained constant over time. The method applied in this study allows for a quantitative and thus objective comparison of spatio-temporal Fungal dynamics. Therefore, it can easily be employed for testing other factors influencing Fungal Growth, including different Growth substrates.
Joris Van Acker - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Analysis of spatio-temporal Fungal Growth dynamics under different environmental conditions
IMA fungus, 2019Co-Authors: Liselotte De Ligne, Guillermo Vidal Diez De Ulzurrun, Jan M. Baetens, Jan Van Den Bulcke, Joris Van Acker, Bernard De BaetsAbstract:Traditionally, Fungal Growth dynamics were assessed manually, limiting the research to a few environmental conditions and/or Fungal species. Fortunately, more automated ways of measurement are gaining momentum due to the availability of cheap imaging and processing equipment and the development of dedicated image analysis algorithms. In this paper, we use image analysis to assess the impact of environmental conditions on the Growth dynamics of two economically important Fungal species, Coniophora puteana and Rhizoctonia solani. Sixteen environmental conditions combining four temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) and four relative humidity (RH) conditions (65, 70, 75 and 80% RH) were tested. Fungal Growth characteristics were extracted from images of the growing fungi, taken at regular points in time. Advanced time series analysis was applied to quantitatively compare the effect of the environmental conditions on these Growth characteristics. The evolution of the mycelial area and the number of tips over time resulted in typical sigmoidal Growth curves. Other Growth characteristics such as the mean hyphal segment length did not vary significantly over time. Temperature and RH usually had a combined effect on the Growth dynamics of the mycelial area and the number of tips. When defining optimal Growth conditions for a fungus, it is therefore of primordial importance that the effect of temperature and RH is assessed simultaneously. At the most extreme conditions we tested, the mycelium most probably experienced water stress when developing over the inert Petri dish surface. An RH of 65% (independent of temperature) for C. puteana and a temperature of 30 °C (independent of RH) for both C. puteana and R. solani therefore always resulted in limited Fungal Growth, while the optimal growing conditions were at 20 °C and 75% RH and at 25 °C and 80% RH for R. solani and at 20 °C and 75% RH for C. puteana. The method applied in this study offers an updated and broader alternative to classical and narrowly focused studies on Fungal Growth dynamics, and is well suited to efficiently assess the effect of environmental conditions on Fungal Growth.
-
Impact of temperature and relative humidity on spatio-temporal Fungal Growth dynamics of Basidiomycetes
2018Co-Authors: Liselotte De Ligne, Guillermo Vidal Diez De Ulzurrun, Jan M. Baetens, Jan Van Den Bulcke, Bernard De Baets, Joris Van AckerAbstract:Basidiomycetes can cause considerable damage to wood and other bio-based building materials. Knowing at which environmental conditions these decay fungi generally thrive, and how the environmental conditions affect Fungal Growth characteristics, is therefore of particular interest. In this paper, we use image analysis to assess the impact of the environmental conditions on the Growth dynamics of Coniophora puteana. Fungal Growth characteristics were tracked over time for sixteen different environmental conditions, obtained through a combination of four temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) and four relative humidity (RH) conditions (65, 70, 75 and 80 % RH). Advanced time series analysis was applied to objectively compare the effect of the environmental conditions on these Growth characteristics. In most cases, temperature and RH had a combined effect on Fungal Growth dynamics, yet an RH of 65% (independent of temperature) and a temperature of 30°C (independent of RH) resulted in a cease of Growth after 10 hours. When defining optimal Growth conditions for a fungus, it is therefore of primordial importance that the effect of temperature and RH is assessed simultaneously. The mycelial area and the number of tips were characterized by typical sigmoidal Growth curves, whereas other characteristics such as the mean edge length remained constant over time. The method applied in this study allows for a quantitative and thus objective comparison of spatio-temporal Fungal dynamics. Therefore, it can easily be employed for testing other factors influencing Fungal Growth, including different Growth substrates.
Erland Bååth - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Ecotoxicological assessment of propiconazole using soil bacterial and Fungal Growth assays
Applied Soil Ecology, 2017Co-Authors: David Fernández-calviño, Johannes Rousk, Erland Bååth, Ulla E. Bollmann, Kai Bester, Kristian K. BrandtAbstract:Effects of the fungicide propiconazole on soil microorganisms were tested using [3H] leucine incorporation and [14C] acetate in ergosterol incorporation to measure bacterial and Fungal Growth inhibition, respectively. Growth was compared to basal respiration (BR) and substrate-induced respiration (SIR) in soil microcosms established according to the OECD 217 guideline. Fungal Growth was most sensitive with IC50 values remaining around 300 mg kg−1 during 40 days of incubation. SIR was initially less sensitive (IC50 1300 mg kg−1), but IC50 values progressively decreased over time to reach 380 mg kg−1 after 40 days. Bacterial Growth was affected at concentrations ≥200 mg kg−1, but exhibited more complex dose-response relationships possibly due to a combination of direct toxicity, bacterial community adaptation, and competitive release from the more severely affected fungi. BR was either stimulated or not affected by propiconazole. Our results indicate that group-specific endpoints targeting microbial Growth will improve ecotoxicological assessment of toxicants for environmental risk assessment.
-
The effects of glucose loading rates on bacterial and Fungal Growth in soil
Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2014Co-Authors: Stephanie Reischke, Johannes Rousk, Erland BååthAbstract:Microbial activity in soil is usually limited by the availability of carbon (C). Adding an easily available C source, like glucose, has therefore been a common approach to study alleviation of resource limitations. Most such studies have relied on respiration to study microbial dynamics, with few following the explicit Growth response. We determined the response in bacterial and Fungal Growth, as well as respiration, to additions of glucose (0.5-32 mg C g(-1) soil) during up to 6 days, using leucine incorporation for bacterial Growth and acetate-in-ergosterol incorporation for Fungal Growth. A concentration of 2 mg glucose-C g(-1) soil, where the Fungal contribution appeared to be small, was also studied with a high time resolution. Adding glucose resulted in an initial lag phase of stable respiration and bacterial Growth. Bacterial Growth was similar to the unamended control, while respiration was 8 fold higher during this period. The 14-h lag phase was followed by an exponential increase for both respiration and bacterial Growth, with a similar intrinsic Growth rate (mu) of around 0.25 h(-1). After the exponential phase, bacterial Growth decreased exponentially. The respiration initially decreased even more rapidly than bacterial Growth. At concentrations exceeding 4 mg glucose-C g(-1) the relative stimulation of Fungal Growth surpassed that of bacteria, with the highest amendment rates, 32 mg C g(-1), resulting in mainly Fungal Growth. Lower loading rates than 4 mg glucose-C g(-1) appeared to stimulate mainly bacterial Growth. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
-
bacterial and Fungal Growth in soil heated at different temperatures to simulate a range of fire intensities
Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2009Co-Authors: Gema Barcenasmoreno, Erland BååthAbstract:The intensity of a fire is an important factor determining the recovery of soil microorganisms after a forest fire, since it can alter the quality and quantity of carbon sources. Recovery of the microbial community was studied in a Mediterranean pine forest soil subjected to different temperatures to simulate the short-term effects of fire intensity on bacterial and Fungal Growth, estimated using leucine incorporation for bacteria and acetate incorporation into ergosterol for fungi. Soil samples were heated for 15 min at 50, 80,120, 200, 300, 400 and 500 degrees C. After inoculation with fresh soil, and adding water to achieve 60% WHC, the soils were incubated at 20 degrees C for 21 days. Bacterial Growth was initially inhibited in the samples heated above 50 degrees C (totally inhibited >= 200 degrees C), but recovered within days to levels much higher than the control, except for the samples heated at 500 degrees C, where Growth remained low throughout the incubation period due to the destruction of most of the organic matter. After the first week of incubation, the bacterial response decreased to values close to, but still above, that of the control. Samples heated at 200 degrees C showed the highest cumulative bacterial Growth. Fungal Growth was initially lower than in the control in all the heated samples (totally inhibited >= 200 degrees C). Fungal Growth recovered slowly during incubation in soils heated at = 200 degrees C, but recovered rapidly in all soils; the highest respiration being observed already 1 day after inoculation. This is the first time both Fungal and bacterial Growth has been directly estimated in heated soils. High soil pH favouring bacteria can explain these results, but the differences in Fungal and bacterial responses suggest a competitive interaction between these groups. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. (Less)
-
Estimation of Fungal Growth rates in soil using 14C-acetate incorporation into ergosterol
Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2001Co-Authors: Erland BååthAbstract:A technique to estimate Fungal Growth rates in field samples was tested in soil. The technique is based on the addition of C-14-acetate to a soil slurry and the subsequent uptake and incorporation of the labelled acetate into the fungus specific substance ergosterol by the fungi. The addition of Fungal inhibitors decreased acetate incorporation rates, while bacterial inhibitors did not. Fungus-free soil exhibited no incorporation of acetate into ergosterol, indicating that the method was specific for measuring Fungal activity. Incorporation rates were linear up to 18 h after the addition of acetate indicating that changing the conditions (adding acetate as a solution to a soil slurry) did not affect the incorporation rate. Problems associated with saturation of the incorporation of the added acetate were encountered, which together with uncertain conversion factors made calculations of absolute Growth rates difficult. However, for relative comparisons the technique worked well. This was exemplified by measuring the relationship between temperature and Growth rate of the soil Fungal community, where an optimum temperature between 25 and 30 degreesC and an apparent minimum temperature for Fungal Growth of -11 degreesC were found. The technique was also used to indicate which nutrients limited instantaneous Fungal Growth in soil by adding carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in different combinations and measuring the rate of acetate incorporation into ergosterol 2 days later. Carbon appeared to be the limiting nutrient for Fungal Growth in both an agricultural soil and a forest humus soil. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. (Less)
Guillermo Vidal Diez De Ulzurrun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Analysis of spatio-temporal Fungal Growth dynamics under different environmental conditions
IMA fungus, 2019Co-Authors: Liselotte De Ligne, Guillermo Vidal Diez De Ulzurrun, Jan M. Baetens, Jan Van Den Bulcke, Joris Van Acker, Bernard De BaetsAbstract:Traditionally, Fungal Growth dynamics were assessed manually, limiting the research to a few environmental conditions and/or Fungal species. Fortunately, more automated ways of measurement are gaining momentum due to the availability of cheap imaging and processing equipment and the development of dedicated image analysis algorithms. In this paper, we use image analysis to assess the impact of environmental conditions on the Growth dynamics of two economically important Fungal species, Coniophora puteana and Rhizoctonia solani. Sixteen environmental conditions combining four temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) and four relative humidity (RH) conditions (65, 70, 75 and 80% RH) were tested. Fungal Growth characteristics were extracted from images of the growing fungi, taken at regular points in time. Advanced time series analysis was applied to quantitatively compare the effect of the environmental conditions on these Growth characteristics. The evolution of the mycelial area and the number of tips over time resulted in typical sigmoidal Growth curves. Other Growth characteristics such as the mean hyphal segment length did not vary significantly over time. Temperature and RH usually had a combined effect on the Growth dynamics of the mycelial area and the number of tips. When defining optimal Growth conditions for a fungus, it is therefore of primordial importance that the effect of temperature and RH is assessed simultaneously. At the most extreme conditions we tested, the mycelium most probably experienced water stress when developing over the inert Petri dish surface. An RH of 65% (independent of temperature) for C. puteana and a temperature of 30 °C (independent of RH) for both C. puteana and R. solani therefore always resulted in limited Fungal Growth, while the optimal growing conditions were at 20 °C and 75% RH and at 25 °C and 80% RH for R. solani and at 20 °C and 75% RH for C. puteana. The method applied in this study offers an updated and broader alternative to classical and narrowly focused studies on Fungal Growth dynamics, and is well suited to efficiently assess the effect of environmental conditions on Fungal Growth.
-
Impact of temperature and relative humidity on spatio-temporal Fungal Growth dynamics of Basidiomycetes
2018Co-Authors: Liselotte De Ligne, Guillermo Vidal Diez De Ulzurrun, Jan M. Baetens, Jan Van Den Bulcke, Bernard De Baets, Joris Van AckerAbstract:Basidiomycetes can cause considerable damage to wood and other bio-based building materials. Knowing at which environmental conditions these decay fungi generally thrive, and how the environmental conditions affect Fungal Growth characteristics, is therefore of particular interest. In this paper, we use image analysis to assess the impact of the environmental conditions on the Growth dynamics of Coniophora puteana. Fungal Growth characteristics were tracked over time for sixteen different environmental conditions, obtained through a combination of four temperatures (15, 20, 25 and 30 °C) and four relative humidity (RH) conditions (65, 70, 75 and 80 % RH). Advanced time series analysis was applied to objectively compare the effect of the environmental conditions on these Growth characteristics. In most cases, temperature and RH had a combined effect on Fungal Growth dynamics, yet an RH of 65% (independent of temperature) and a temperature of 30°C (independent of RH) resulted in a cease of Growth after 10 hours. When defining optimal Growth conditions for a fungus, it is therefore of primordial importance that the effect of temperature and RH is assessed simultaneously. The mycelial area and the number of tips were characterized by typical sigmoidal Growth curves, whereas other characteristics such as the mean edge length remained constant over time. The method applied in this study allows for a quantitative and thus objective comparison of spatio-temporal Fungal dynamics. Therefore, it can easily be employed for testing other factors influencing Fungal Growth, including different Growth substrates.
-
MODELLING THREE-DIMENSIONAL Fungal Growth: A SPATIALLY EXPLICIT LATTICE-FREE APPROACH.
2014Co-Authors: Guillermo Vidal Diez De UlzurrunAbstract:Due to their ability to grow in complex environments, fungi are present in and affect most ecosystems. Fungi are, among other things, the organisms mainly responsible for wood decay. Furthermore, fungi are the primary decomposers of litter in forests, and wooden material is subject to their attacks. Many efforts have therefore been spent to fully comprehend the processes steering Fungal Growth and the mathematics behind it in order to build Fungal Growth models. Most of these models, however, are unable to fully grasp the dynamics of Fungal Growth. In addition, in these models, Growth is often confined to a lattice, and therefore they cannot realistically represent the irregular nature of fungi. This work presents a spatially explicit, lattice-free 3D model of Fungal Growth, one that explicitly accounts for nutrient uptake, translocation, anastomosis, apical Growth and irregular branching, as such surpassing the capabilities of previous models on which it is based. Highly versatile, the model is able to produce realistic simulations of different Fungal species and to replicate the results of some problem-specific established models. Furthermore, in order to enable model calibration, a new automated image analysis technique is introduced. This technique combines automated image analysis with graph theory. This results in one of the few objective tools for extracting statistics (such as number of tips or branching angle) from image time series, which are required to validate spatially explicit Fungal Growth models. Furthermore, this technique permits the comparison of different Fungal Growth models and can easily be extended to other filamentous organisms. As such, this work offers a significant advantage which will undoubtedly open new doors for a better understanding of Fungal Growth and its consequences.
