The Experts below are selected from a list of 300 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Nathalie Séjalon-delmas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Exploring Fungus–plant N transfer in a tripartite ant–plant–Fungus mutualism
Annals of Botany, 2017Co-Authors: Céline Leroy, Alain Jauneau, Yves Martinez, Armelle Cabin-flaman, David Gibouin, Jérôme Orivel, Nathalie Séjalon-delmasAbstract:Background and Aims: The plant Hirtella physophora, the ant Allomerus decemarticulatus and a Fungus, Trimmatostroma sp., form a tripartite association. The ants manipulate both the plant trichomes and the Fungus to build galleries under the stems of their host plant used to capture prey. In addition to its structural role, the Fungus also improves nutrient uptake by the host plant. But it still remains unclear whether the Fungus plays an indirect or a direct role in transferring nutrients to the plant. This study aimed to trace the transfer of N from the Fungus to the plant’s stem tissue. Methods: Optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the presence of fungal hyphae in the stem tissues. Then, a 15N-labelling experiment was combined with a nanoscale secondary-ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS 50) isotopic imaging approach to trace the movement of added 15N from the Fungus to plant tissues. Key Results: The TEM images clearly showed hyphae inside the stem tissue in the cellular compartment. Also, fungal hyphae were seen perforating the wall of the parenchyma cell. The 15N provisioning of the Fungus in the galleries resulted in significant enrichment of the 15N signature of the plant’s leaves 1 d after the 15N-labelling solution was deposited on the Fungus-bearing trap. Finally, NanoSIMS imaging proved that nitrogen was transferred biotrophically from the Fungus to the stem tissue. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the fungi are connected endophytically to an ant–plant system and actively transfer nitrogen from 15N-labelling solution to the plant’s stem tissues. Overall, this study underlines how complex the trophic structure of ant–plant interactions is due to the presence of the Fungus and provides insight into the possibly important nutritional aspects and tradeoffs involved in myrmecophyte–ant mutualisms.
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Exploring Fungus extendashplant N transfer in a tripartite ant extendashplant extendashFungus mutualism
Annals of Botany, 2017Co-Authors: Céline Leroy, Alain Jauneau, Yves Martinez, Armelle Cabin-flaman, David Gibouin, Jérôme Orivel, Nathalie Séjalon-delmasAbstract:Background and Aims: The plant Hirtella physophora, the ant Allomerus decemarticulatus and a Fungus, Trimmatostroma sp., form a tripartite association. The ants manipulate both the plant trichomes and the Fungus to build galleries under the stems of their host plant used to capture prey. In addition to its structural role, the Fungus also improves nutrient uptake by the host plant. But it still remains unclear whether the Fungus plays an indirect or a direct role in transferring nutrients to the plant. This study aimed to trace the transfer of N from the Fungus to the plant’s stem tissue. Methods: Optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the presence of fungal hyphae in the stem tissues. Then, a 15N-labelling experiment was combined with a nanoscale secondary-ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS 50) isotopic imaging approach to trace the movement of added 15N from the Fungus to plant tissues. Key Results: The TEM images clearly showed hyphae inside the stem tissue in the cellular compartment. Also, fungal hyphae were seen perforating the wall of the parenchyma cell. The 15N provisioning of the Fungus in the galleries resulted in significant enrichment of the 15N signature of the plant’s leaves 1 d after the 15N-labelling solution was deposited on the Fungus-bearing trap. Finally, NanoSIMS imaging proved that nitrogen was transferred biotrophically from the Fungus to the stem tissue. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the fungi are connected endophytically to an ant–plant system and actively transfer nitrogen from 15N-labelling solution to the plant’s stem tissues. Overall, this study underlines how complex the trophic structure of ant–plant interactions is due to the presence of the Fungus and provides insight into the possibly important nutritional aspects and tradeoffs involved in myrmecophyte–ant mutualisms.
Lin Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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composting of lead contaminated solid waste with inocula of white rot Fungus
Bioresource Technology, 2007Co-Authors: Guangming Zeng, Xiaoyun Jiang, Tianjue Hu, Chongling Feng, Yaoning Chen, G H Huang, Danlian Huang, Lin TangAbstract:The treatment of the simulated lead-contaminated solid waste by composting with white-rot Fungus was studied at laboratory scale. The composting system without the inocula of white-rot Fungus was prepared as control, and the composting of the uncontaminated solid waste with the inocula of white-rot Fungus was carried out as the other control. The results indicated that the solid waste inoculated with white-rot Fungus could be successfully processed. The final compost was mature with 70.5% of lead (Pb) in residual fraction and none in exchangeable fraction. Germination index reached 120%. All the results indicated that the bioavailability of Pb in compost was reduced and the potential harm of Pb in compost was alleviated by composting with the inocula of white-rot Fungus.
Guido V Bloemberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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visualization of interactions between a pathogenic and a beneficial fusarium strain during biocontrol of tomato foot and root rot
Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions, 2005Co-Authors: Annouschka Bolwerk, Anastasia L Lagopodi, Ben J J Lugtenberg, Guido V BloembergAbstract:The soilborne Fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicislycopersici causes tomato foot and root rot (TFRR), which can be controlled by the addition of the nonpathogenic Fungus F. oxysporum Fo47 to the soil. To improve our understanding of the interactions between the two Fusarium strains on tomato roots during biocontrol, the fungi were labeled using different autofluorescent proteins as markers and subsequently visualized using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results were as follows. i) An at least 50- fold excess of Fo47over F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici was required to obtain control of TFRR. ii) When seedlings were planted in sand infested with spores of a single Fungus, Fo47 hyphae attached to the root earlier than those of F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici. iii) Subsequent root colonization by F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici was faster and to a larger extent than that by Fo47. iv) Under disease-controlling conditions, colonization of tomato roots by the pathogenic fungu...
Céline Leroy - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Exploring Fungus–plant N transfer in a tripartite ant–plant–Fungus mutualism
Annals of Botany, 2017Co-Authors: Céline Leroy, Alain Jauneau, Yves Martinez, Armelle Cabin-flaman, David Gibouin, Jérôme Orivel, Nathalie Séjalon-delmasAbstract:Background and Aims: The plant Hirtella physophora, the ant Allomerus decemarticulatus and a Fungus, Trimmatostroma sp., form a tripartite association. The ants manipulate both the plant trichomes and the Fungus to build galleries under the stems of their host plant used to capture prey. In addition to its structural role, the Fungus also improves nutrient uptake by the host plant. But it still remains unclear whether the Fungus plays an indirect or a direct role in transferring nutrients to the plant. This study aimed to trace the transfer of N from the Fungus to the plant’s stem tissue. Methods: Optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the presence of fungal hyphae in the stem tissues. Then, a 15N-labelling experiment was combined with a nanoscale secondary-ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS 50) isotopic imaging approach to trace the movement of added 15N from the Fungus to plant tissues. Key Results: The TEM images clearly showed hyphae inside the stem tissue in the cellular compartment. Also, fungal hyphae were seen perforating the wall of the parenchyma cell. The 15N provisioning of the Fungus in the galleries resulted in significant enrichment of the 15N signature of the plant’s leaves 1 d after the 15N-labelling solution was deposited on the Fungus-bearing trap. Finally, NanoSIMS imaging proved that nitrogen was transferred biotrophically from the Fungus to the stem tissue. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the fungi are connected endophytically to an ant–plant system and actively transfer nitrogen from 15N-labelling solution to the plant’s stem tissues. Overall, this study underlines how complex the trophic structure of ant–plant interactions is due to the presence of the Fungus and provides insight into the possibly important nutritional aspects and tradeoffs involved in myrmecophyte–ant mutualisms.
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Exploring Fungus extendashplant N transfer in a tripartite ant extendashplant extendashFungus mutualism
Annals of Botany, 2017Co-Authors: Céline Leroy, Alain Jauneau, Yves Martinez, Armelle Cabin-flaman, David Gibouin, Jérôme Orivel, Nathalie Séjalon-delmasAbstract:Background and Aims: The plant Hirtella physophora, the ant Allomerus decemarticulatus and a Fungus, Trimmatostroma sp., form a tripartite association. The ants manipulate both the plant trichomes and the Fungus to build galleries under the stems of their host plant used to capture prey. In addition to its structural role, the Fungus also improves nutrient uptake by the host plant. But it still remains unclear whether the Fungus plays an indirect or a direct role in transferring nutrients to the plant. This study aimed to trace the transfer of N from the Fungus to the plant’s stem tissue. Methods: Optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate the presence of fungal hyphae in the stem tissues. Then, a 15N-labelling experiment was combined with a nanoscale secondary-ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS 50) isotopic imaging approach to trace the movement of added 15N from the Fungus to plant tissues. Key Results: The TEM images clearly showed hyphae inside the stem tissue in the cellular compartment. Also, fungal hyphae were seen perforating the wall of the parenchyma cell. The 15N provisioning of the Fungus in the galleries resulted in significant enrichment of the 15N signature of the plant’s leaves 1 d after the 15N-labelling solution was deposited on the Fungus-bearing trap. Finally, NanoSIMS imaging proved that nitrogen was transferred biotrophically from the Fungus to the stem tissue. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the fungi are connected endophytically to an ant–plant system and actively transfer nitrogen from 15N-labelling solution to the plant’s stem tissues. Overall, this study underlines how complex the trophic structure of ant–plant interactions is due to the presence of the Fungus and provides insight into the possibly important nutritional aspects and tradeoffs involved in myrmecophyte–ant mutualisms.
Guangming Zeng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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composting of lead contaminated solid waste with inocula of white rot Fungus
Bioresource Technology, 2007Co-Authors: Guangming Zeng, Xiaoyun Jiang, Tianjue Hu, Chongling Feng, Yaoning Chen, G H Huang, Danlian Huang, Lin TangAbstract:The treatment of the simulated lead-contaminated solid waste by composting with white-rot Fungus was studied at laboratory scale. The composting system without the inocula of white-rot Fungus was prepared as control, and the composting of the uncontaminated solid waste with the inocula of white-rot Fungus was carried out as the other control. The results indicated that the solid waste inoculated with white-rot Fungus could be successfully processed. The final compost was mature with 70.5% of lead (Pb) in residual fraction and none in exchangeable fraction. Germination index reached 120%. All the results indicated that the bioavailability of Pb in compost was reduced and the potential harm of Pb in compost was alleviated by composting with the inocula of white-rot Fungus.
