The Experts below are selected from a list of 12498 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Lisa Dolovich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effectiveness of a community paramedic led health assessment and education initiative in a seniors residence building the community health assessment program through emergency medical services chap ems
BMC Emergency Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Gina Agarwal, Ricardo Angeles, Melissa Pirrie, Francine Marzanek, Brent Mcleod, Jenna Parascandalo, Lisa DolovichAbstract:Background Seniors living in subsidized housing have lower income, poorer health, and increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases and falls. Seniors also account for more than one third of calls to Emergency Medical Services (EMS). This study examines the effectiveness of the Community Health Assessment Program through EMS (CHAP-EMS) in reducing blood pressure, diabetes risk, and EMS calls.
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development of a community health and wellness pilot in a subsidised seniors apartment building in hamilton ontario community health awareness program delivered by emergency medical services chap ems
BMC Research Notes, 2015Co-Authors: Gina Agarwal, Ricardo Angeles, Melissa Pirrie, Francine Marzanek, Brent Mcleod, Beatrice Mcdonough, Lisa DolovichAbstract:Background Older adults have higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, diabetes and falls, leading to costly emergency medical service (EMS) calls and emergency room visits. We developed the Community Health Assessment Program through EMS (CHAP-EMS) that focuses on health promotion/prevention of hypertension and diabetes, links with primary care practitioners, targets seniors living in subsidized housing, and aims to reduce morbidity from these conditions, thereby reducing EMS calls. In this pilot study, we evaluated the feasibility of implementing the CHAP-EMS, attendance rates, prevalence of high blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors.
Gina Agarwal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of a community paramedicine health promotion and lifestyle risk assessment program for older adults who live in social housing a cluster randomized trial
Canadian Medical Association Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Gina Agarwal, Ricardo Angeles, Melissa Pirrie, Francine Marzanek, Brent Mcleod, Jenna Parascandalo, Lehana ThabaneAbstract:BACKGROUND: Low-income older adults who live in subsidized housing have higher mortality and morbidity. We aimed to determine if a community paramedicine program — in which paramedics provide health care services outside of the traditional emergency response — reduced the number of ambulance calls to subsidized housing for older adults. METHODS: We conducted an open-label pragmatic cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) with parallel intervention and control groups in subsidized apartment buildings for older adults. We selected 6 buildings using predefined criteria, which we then randomly assigned to intervention (Community Paramedicine at Clinic [CP@clinic] for 1 yr) or control (usual health care) using computer-generated paired randomization. CP@clinic is a paramedic-led, community-based health promotion program to prevent diabetes, cardiovascular disease and falls for residents 55 years of age and older. The primary outcome was building-level mean monthly ambulance calls. Secondary outcomes were individual-level changes in blood pressure, health behaviours and risk of diabetes assessed using the Canadian Diabetes Risk Questionnaire. We analyzed the data using generalized estimating equations and hierarchical linear modelling. RESULTS: The 3 intervention and 3 control buildings had 455 and 637 residents, respectively. Mean monthly ambulance calls in the intervention buildings (3.11 [standard deviation (SD) 1.30] calls per 100 units/mo) was significantly lower (−0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.45 to −1.30) than in control buildings (3.99 [SD 1.17] calls per 100 units/mo), when adjusted for baseline calls and building pairs. Survey participation was 28.4% (n = 129) and 20.3% (n = 129) in the intervention and control buildings, respectively. Residents living in the intervention buildings showed significant improvement compared with those living in control buildings in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) (mean difference 0.09, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.17) and ability to perform usual activities (odds ratio 2.6, 95% CI 1.2 to 5.8). Those who received the intervention had a significant decrease in systolic (mean change 5.0, 95% CI 1.0 to 9.0) and diastolic (mean change 4.8, 95% CI 1.9 to 7.6) blood pressure. INTERPRETATION: A paramedic-led, community-based health promotion program (CP@clinic) significantly lowered the number of ambulance calls, improved QALYs and ability to perform usual activities, and lowered systolic blood pressure among older adults living in subsidized housing. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, no. NCT02152891
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effectiveness of a community paramedic led health assessment and education initiative in a seniors residence building the community health assessment program through emergency medical services chap ems
BMC Emergency Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Gina Agarwal, Ricardo Angeles, Melissa Pirrie, Francine Marzanek, Brent Mcleod, Jenna Parascandalo, Lisa DolovichAbstract:Background Seniors living in subsidized housing have lower income, poorer health, and increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases and falls. Seniors also account for more than one third of calls to Emergency Medical Services (EMS). This study examines the effectiveness of the Community Health Assessment Program through EMS (CHAP-EMS) in reducing blood pressure, diabetes risk, and EMS calls.
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development of a community health and wellness pilot in a subsidised seniors apartment building in hamilton ontario community health awareness program delivered by emergency medical services chap ems
BMC Research Notes, 2015Co-Authors: Gina Agarwal, Ricardo Angeles, Melissa Pirrie, Francine Marzanek, Brent Mcleod, Beatrice Mcdonough, Lisa DolovichAbstract:Background Older adults have higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, diabetes and falls, leading to costly emergency medical service (EMS) calls and emergency room visits. We developed the Community Health Assessment Program through EMS (CHAP-EMS) that focuses on health promotion/prevention of hypertension and diabetes, links with primary care practitioners, targets seniors living in subsidized housing, and aims to reduce morbidity from these conditions, thereby reducing EMS calls. In this pilot study, we evaluated the feasibility of implementing the CHAP-EMS, attendance rates, prevalence of high blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors.
Torgeir S Johnsen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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aerobic performance does not affect social rank in female red jungle fowl
Functional Ecology, 1999Co-Authors: Mark A Chappell, Marlene Zuk, Torgeir S JohnsenAbstract:1. Exercise capacity ultimately constrains behaviour, and therefore may influence social interactions. The hypothesis was tested that individual differences in maximal rates of oxygen consumption (V·O2max) – a primary determinant of sustainable exercise capacity – affect dominance hierarchies in experimental all-female flocks of the highly social Red Jungle Fowl (Gallus gallus). It was also examined whether social rank could in turn influence V·O2max (which is quite plastic in most vertebrates), and whether these relationships were influenced by a common and relatively benign parasite, the intestinal nematode Ascaridia galli. 2. Substantial between-individual variation was found in V·O2max that was significantly repeatable over time, but there was no indication that V·O2max was affected by A. galli infection. Stable social hierarchies were quickly established in 26 of 28 experimental flocks (each contained three females previously isolated from each other). Infection status affected social rank, but there was no consistent pattern between rank and infection. 3. No indication was found that individual differences in V·O2max either predicted the social rank in newly formed flocks, or were affected by social status in established flocks.
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parasites and tradeoffs in the immune response of female red jungle fowl
Oikos, 1999Co-Authors: Torgeir S Johnsen, Marlene ZukAbstract:Reproduction and survival are influenced by parasites, and recently, the ability of the immune system to fight infection has been included in life history theory. A condition dependent immune response predicts tradeoffs within the immune system and condition dependent tradeoffs with other life history traits. Female red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) parasitized with an intestinal nematode (Ascaridia galli) had a higher concentration of eosinophils than controls, and parasitized and control females responded differently to injections of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). PHA injections stimulated an increase in granulocytes in parasitized females relative to controls. Although parasitized females had greater circulating levels of the white blood cells that are involved in the cutaneous hypersensitivity response, control females exhibited greater swelling of the wing web six hours after injection. A. galli seemed to slow the cellular immune response to injections of PHA. suggesting a tradeoff within the cellular component of the immune system. Parasitized and control females differed in the relationship between immunoglobulin G (IgG) and the strength of the cutancous hypersensitivity response. The decrease in cutaneous hypersensitivity with increasing IgG in parasitized vs control females suggests a condition dependent tradeoff between the cellular and humoral components of the immune system.
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parasites morphology and blood characters in male red jungle fowl during development
The Condor, 1998Co-Authors: Torgeir S Johnsen, Marlene ZukAbstract:Parasites have significant effects on the fitness of their hosts. We used an intestinal nematode, Ascaridia galli, as an experimental treatment of young male Red Jungle Fowl (Gallus gallus) to investigate the effect of this parasite on their growth and development through sexual maturity. After treatment, 26% of those fed parasites and 31% of controls became infected. Infected males had lower body mass, lower hematocrit, a higher percentage of lymphocytes among their white blood cells, and smaller combs than uninfected males. Infected and uninfected males did not differ in plasma levels of testosterone (T). The differences between parasitized and unparasitized males persisted from 5 months of age through sexual maturity. The classic example of hormonal action is the effect of testosterone on the comb of male chickens, but the difference in comb length between parasitized and unparasitized male Red Jungle Fowl along with no difference in T suggests that the effect of parasites on male secondary sexual characters does not necessarily involve a change in circulating levels of testosterone.
Marlene Zuk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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aerobic performance does not affect social rank in female red jungle fowl
Functional Ecology, 1999Co-Authors: Mark A Chappell, Marlene Zuk, Torgeir S JohnsenAbstract:1. Exercise capacity ultimately constrains behaviour, and therefore may influence social interactions. The hypothesis was tested that individual differences in maximal rates of oxygen consumption (V·O2max) – a primary determinant of sustainable exercise capacity – affect dominance hierarchies in experimental all-female flocks of the highly social Red Jungle Fowl (Gallus gallus). It was also examined whether social rank could in turn influence V·O2max (which is quite plastic in most vertebrates), and whether these relationships were influenced by a common and relatively benign parasite, the intestinal nematode Ascaridia galli. 2. Substantial between-individual variation was found in V·O2max that was significantly repeatable over time, but there was no indication that V·O2max was affected by A. galli infection. Stable social hierarchies were quickly established in 26 of 28 experimental flocks (each contained three females previously isolated from each other). Infection status affected social rank, but there was no consistent pattern between rank and infection. 3. No indication was found that individual differences in V·O2max either predicted the social rank in newly formed flocks, or were affected by social status in established flocks.
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parasites and tradeoffs in the immune response of female red jungle fowl
Oikos, 1999Co-Authors: Torgeir S Johnsen, Marlene ZukAbstract:Reproduction and survival are influenced by parasites, and recently, the ability of the immune system to fight infection has been included in life history theory. A condition dependent immune response predicts tradeoffs within the immune system and condition dependent tradeoffs with other life history traits. Female red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) parasitized with an intestinal nematode (Ascaridia galli) had a higher concentration of eosinophils than controls, and parasitized and control females responded differently to injections of phytohemagglutinin (PHA). PHA injections stimulated an increase in granulocytes in parasitized females relative to controls. Although parasitized females had greater circulating levels of the white blood cells that are involved in the cutaneous hypersensitivity response, control females exhibited greater swelling of the wing web six hours after injection. A. galli seemed to slow the cellular immune response to injections of PHA. suggesting a tradeoff within the cellular component of the immune system. Parasitized and control females differed in the relationship between immunoglobulin G (IgG) and the strength of the cutancous hypersensitivity response. The decrease in cutaneous hypersensitivity with increasing IgG in parasitized vs control females suggests a condition dependent tradeoff between the cellular and humoral components of the immune system.
-
parasites morphology and blood characters in male red jungle fowl during development
The Condor, 1998Co-Authors: Torgeir S Johnsen, Marlene ZukAbstract:Parasites have significant effects on the fitness of their hosts. We used an intestinal nematode, Ascaridia galli, as an experimental treatment of young male Red Jungle Fowl (Gallus gallus) to investigate the effect of this parasite on their growth and development through sexual maturity. After treatment, 26% of those fed parasites and 31% of controls became infected. Infected males had lower body mass, lower hematocrit, a higher percentage of lymphocytes among their white blood cells, and smaller combs than uninfected males. Infected and uninfected males did not differ in plasma levels of testosterone (T). The differences between parasitized and unparasitized males persisted from 5 months of age through sexual maturity. The classic example of hormonal action is the effect of testosterone on the comb of male chickens, but the difference in comb length between parasitized and unparasitized male Red Jungle Fowl along with no difference in T suggests that the effect of parasites on male secondary sexual characters does not necessarily involve a change in circulating levels of testosterone.
Brent Mcleod - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluation of a community paramedicine health promotion and lifestyle risk assessment program for older adults who live in social housing a cluster randomized trial
Canadian Medical Association Journal, 2018Co-Authors: Gina Agarwal, Ricardo Angeles, Melissa Pirrie, Francine Marzanek, Brent Mcleod, Jenna Parascandalo, Lehana ThabaneAbstract:BACKGROUND: Low-income older adults who live in subsidized housing have higher mortality and morbidity. We aimed to determine if a community paramedicine program — in which paramedics provide health care services outside of the traditional emergency response — reduced the number of ambulance calls to subsidized housing for older adults. METHODS: We conducted an open-label pragmatic cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) with parallel intervention and control groups in subsidized apartment buildings for older adults. We selected 6 buildings using predefined criteria, which we then randomly assigned to intervention (Community Paramedicine at Clinic [CP@clinic] for 1 yr) or control (usual health care) using computer-generated paired randomization. CP@clinic is a paramedic-led, community-based health promotion program to prevent diabetes, cardiovascular disease and falls for residents 55 years of age and older. The primary outcome was building-level mean monthly ambulance calls. Secondary outcomes were individual-level changes in blood pressure, health behaviours and risk of diabetes assessed using the Canadian Diabetes Risk Questionnaire. We analyzed the data using generalized estimating equations and hierarchical linear modelling. RESULTS: The 3 intervention and 3 control buildings had 455 and 637 residents, respectively. Mean monthly ambulance calls in the intervention buildings (3.11 [standard deviation (SD) 1.30] calls per 100 units/mo) was significantly lower (−0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.45 to −1.30) than in control buildings (3.99 [SD 1.17] calls per 100 units/mo), when adjusted for baseline calls and building pairs. Survey participation was 28.4% (n = 129) and 20.3% (n = 129) in the intervention and control buildings, respectively. Residents living in the intervention buildings showed significant improvement compared with those living in control buildings in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) (mean difference 0.09, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.17) and ability to perform usual activities (odds ratio 2.6, 95% CI 1.2 to 5.8). Those who received the intervention had a significant decrease in systolic (mean change 5.0, 95% CI 1.0 to 9.0) and diastolic (mean change 4.8, 95% CI 1.9 to 7.6) blood pressure. INTERPRETATION: A paramedic-led, community-based health promotion program (CP@clinic) significantly lowered the number of ambulance calls, improved QALYs and ability to perform usual activities, and lowered systolic blood pressure among older adults living in subsidized housing. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, no. NCT02152891
-
effectiveness of a community paramedic led health assessment and education initiative in a seniors residence building the community health assessment program through emergency medical services chap ems
BMC Emergency Medicine, 2016Co-Authors: Gina Agarwal, Ricardo Angeles, Melissa Pirrie, Francine Marzanek, Brent Mcleod, Jenna Parascandalo, Lisa DolovichAbstract:Background Seniors living in subsidized housing have lower income, poorer health, and increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases and falls. Seniors also account for more than one third of calls to Emergency Medical Services (EMS). This study examines the effectiveness of the Community Health Assessment Program through EMS (CHAP-EMS) in reducing blood pressure, diabetes risk, and EMS calls.
-
development of a community health and wellness pilot in a subsidised seniors apartment building in hamilton ontario community health awareness program delivered by emergency medical services chap ems
BMC Research Notes, 2015Co-Authors: Gina Agarwal, Ricardo Angeles, Melissa Pirrie, Francine Marzanek, Brent Mcleod, Beatrice Mcdonough, Lisa DolovichAbstract:Background Older adults have higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, diabetes and falls, leading to costly emergency medical service (EMS) calls and emergency room visits. We developed the Community Health Assessment Program through EMS (CHAP-EMS) that focuses on health promotion/prevention of hypertension and diabetes, links with primary care practitioners, targets seniors living in subsidized housing, and aims to reduce morbidity from these conditions, thereby reducing EMS calls. In this pilot study, we evaluated the feasibility of implementing the CHAP-EMS, attendance rates, prevalence of high blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors.
